Quantum Superposition of Macroscopic Persistent-Current States

Microwave spectroscopy experiments have been performed on two quantum levels of a macroscopic superconducting loop with three Josephson junctions. Level repulsion of the ground state and first excited state is found where two classical persistent-current states with opposite polarity are degenerate,...

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Published in	Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 290; no. 5492; pp. 773 - 777
Main Authors	van der Wal, Caspar H., A. C. J. ter Haar, Wilhelm, F. K., Schouten, R. N., C. J. P. M. Harmans, Orlando, T. P., Lloyd, Seth, Mooij, J. E.
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Washington, DC American Society for the Advancement of Science 27.10.2000 American Association for the Advancement of Science The American Association for the Advancement of Science
Subjects	Amplitude Analysis Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties Electric current Electric currents Electromagnetism Energy Exact sciences and technology Ground state Josephson junction Josephson junctions Mechanics (Physics) Microwaves Numbers Physics Proximity effects, weak links, tunneling phenomena, and Josephson effects Proximity effects, weak links, tunneling phenomena, and josephson effects, adreev effect, sn and sns junctions Quantum Mechanics Quantum theory Scientific imaging Solid state physics Spectroscopy Superconductivity Tunnels Vortex rings Persistent current Electrical switching Two-level systems Theoretical study Quantum effect Excited states Superconductors Cooper pairs Double well model Josephson junctions Transport processes Microwave spectra Superposition Mesoscopic systems IV characteristic
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Abstract	Microwave spectroscopy experiments have been performed on two quantum levels of a macroscopic superconducting loop with three Josephson junctions. Level repulsion of the ground state and first excited state is found where two classical persistent-current states with opposite polarity are degenerate, indicating symmetric and antisymmetric quantum superpositions of macroscopic states. The two classical states have persistent currents of 0.5 microampere and correspond to the center-of-mass motion of millions of Cooper pairs.
AbstractList	Microwave spectroscopy experiments have been performed on two quantum levels of a macroscopic superconducting loop with three Josephson junctions. Level repulsion of the ground state and first excited state is found where two classical persistent-current states with opposite polarity are degenerate, indicating symmetric and antisymmetric quantum superpositions of macroscopic states. Microwave spectroscopy experiments have been performed on two quantum levels of a macroscopic superconducting loop with three Josephson junctions. Level repulsion of the ground state and first excited state is found where two classical persistent-current states with opposite polarity are degenerate, indicating symmetric and antisymmetric quantum superpositions of macroscopic states. The two classical states have persistent currents of 0.5 microampere and correspond to the center-of-mass motion of millions of Cooper pairs.
Audience	Academic
Author	Mooij, J. E. Wilhelm, F. K. A. C. J. ter Haar van der Wal, Caspar H. C. J. P. M. Harmans Orlando, T. P. Lloyd, Seth Schouten, R. N.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Caspar H. surname: van der Wal fullname: van der Wal, Caspar H. – sequence: 2 fullname: A. C. J. ter Haar – sequence: 3 givenname: F. K. surname: Wilhelm fullname: Wilhelm, F. K. – sequence: 4 givenname: R. N. surname: Schouten fullname: Schouten, R. N. – sequence: 5 fullname: C. J. P. M. Harmans – sequence: 6 givenname: T. P. surname: Orlando fullname: Orlando, T. P. – sequence: 7 givenname: Seth surname: Lloyd fullname: Lloyd, Seth – sequence: 8 givenname: J. E. surname: Mooij fullname: Mooij, J. E.
BackLink	http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1530914$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11052934$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ClassificationCodes	8521100
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	Copyright 2000 American Association for the Advancement of Science 2000 INIST-CNRS COPYRIGHT 2000 American Association for the Advancement of Science COPYRIGHT 2000 American Association for the Advancement of Science Copyright American Association for the Advancement of Science Oct 27, 2000
Copyright_xml	– notice: Copyright 2000 American Association for the Advancement of Science – notice: 2000 INIST-CNRS – notice: COPYRIGHT 2000 American Association for the Advancement of Science – notice: COPYRIGHT 2000 American Association for the Advancement of Science – notice: Copyright American Association for the Advancement of Science Oct 27, 2000
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Keywords	Persistent current Electrical switching Two-level systems Theoretical study Quantum effect Excited states Superconductors Cooper pairs Double well model Josephson junctions Transport processes Microwave spectra Superposition Mesoscopic systems IV characteristic
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Snippet	Microwave spectroscopy experiments have been performed on two quantum levels of a macroscopic superconducting loop with three Josephson junctions. Level...
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SubjectTerms	Amplitude Analysis Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties Electric current Electric currents Electromagnetism Energy Exact sciences and technology Ground state Josephson junction Josephson junctions Mechanics (Physics) Microwaves Numbers Physics Proximity effects, weak links, tunneling phenomena, and Josephson effects Proximity effects, weak links, tunneling phenomena, and josephson effects, adreev effect, sn and sns junctions Quantum Mechanics Quantum theory Scientific imaging Solid state physics Spectroscopy Superconductivity Tunnels Vortex rings
Title	Quantum Superposition of Macroscopic Persistent-Current States
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