Transcriptomic differences noted in Glaesserella parasuis between growth in broth and on agar
Glaesserella parasuis is the cause of Glӓsser's disease in pigs and is a significant contributor to post-weaning mortality in the swine industry. Prevention of G. parasuis disease relies primarily on bacterin vaccines, which have shown good homologous protection and variable heterologous protec...
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Published in | PloS one Vol. 14; no. 8; p. e0220365 |
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06.08.2019
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Abstract | Glaesserella parasuis is the cause of Glӓsser's disease in pigs and is a significant contributor to post-weaning mortality in the swine industry. Prevention of G. parasuis disease relies primarily on bacterin vaccines, which have shown good homologous protection and variable heterologous protection. Bacterin production involves large scale growth of the bacteria and proteins produced during the proliferation phase of production become important antigens that stimulate the immune response. In order to evaluate genes activated during G. parasuis growth on different media substrates, the transcriptome of broth and agar grown G. parasuis strain 29755 were sequenced and compared. The transcription of most purported virulence genes were comparable between broth and agar grown G. parasuis; however, four virulence-associated genes, including ompA and vapD, had elevated expression under agar growth, while six virulence-associate genes had elevated expression during broth growth, including several protease genes. Additionally, there were metabolic shifts toward increased protein and lipid production and increased cellular division in broth grown G. parasuis. The results contribute to the understanding of how growth substrate alters gene transcription and protein expression, which may impact vaccine efficacy if immunogens important to the protective immune response are not produced under specific in vitro conditions. While the results of this work are unable to fully elucidate which growth medium presents a transcriptome more representative of in vivo samples or best suited for bacterin production, it forms a foundation that can be used for future comparisons and provides a better understanding of the metabolic differences in broth and agar grown bacteria. |
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AbstractList | Glaesserella parasuis is the cause of Glӓsser's disease in pigs and is a significant contributor to post-weaning mortality in the swine industry. Prevention of G. parasuis disease relies primarily on bacterin vaccines, which have shown good homologous protection and variable heterologous protection. Bacterin production involves large scale growth of the bacteria and proteins produced during the proliferation phase of production become important antigens that stimulate the immune response. In order to evaluate genes activated during G. parasuis growth on different media substrates, the transcriptome of broth and agar grown G. parasuis strain 29755 were sequenced and compared. The transcription of most purported virulence genes were comparable between broth and agar grown G. parasuis; however, four virulence-associated genes, including ompA and vapD, had elevated expression under agar growth, while six virulence-associate genes had elevated expression during broth growth, including several protease genes. Additionally, there were metabolic shifts toward increased protein and lipid production and increased cellular division in broth grown G. parasuis. The results contribute to the understanding of how growth substrate alters gene transcription and protein expression, which may impact vaccine efficacy if immunogens important to the protective immune response are not produced under specific in vitro conditions. While the results of this work are unable to fully elucidate which growth medium presents a transcriptome more representative of in vivo samples or best suited for bacterin production, it forms a foundation that can be used for future comparisons and provides a better understanding of the metabolic differences in broth and agar grown bacteria. Glaesserella parasuis is the cause of GlÓsser's disease in pigs and is a significant contributor to post-weaning mortality in the swine industry. Prevention of G. parasuis disease relies primarily on bacterin vaccines, which have shown good homologous protection and variable heterologous protection. Bacterin production involves large scale growth of the bacteria and proteins produced during the proliferation phase of production become important antigens that stimulate the immune response. In order to evaluate genes activated during G. parasuis growth on different media substrates, the transcriptome of broth and agar grown G. parasuis strain 29755 were sequenced and compared. The transcription of most purported virulence genes were comparable between broth and agar grown G. parasuis; however, four virulence-associated genes, including ompA and vapD, had elevated expression under agar growth, while six virulence-associate genes had elevated expression during broth growth, including several protease genes. Additionally, there were metabolic shifts toward increased protein and lipid production and increased cellular division in broth grown G. parasuis. The results contribute to the understanding of how growth substrate alters gene transcription and protein expression, which may impact vaccine efficacy if immunogens important to the protective immune response are not produced under specific in vitro conditions. While the results of this work are unable to fully elucidate which growth medium presents a transcriptome more representative of in vivo samples or best suited for bacterin production, it forms a foundation that can be used for future comparisons and provides a better understanding of the metabolic differences in broth and agar grown bacteria. Glaesserella parasuis is the cause of Glӓsser’s disease in pigs and is a significant contributor to post-weaning mortality in the swine industry. Prevention of G . parasuis disease relies primarily on bacterin vaccines, which have shown good homologous protection and variable heterologous protection. Bacterin production involves large scale growth of the bacteria and proteins produced during the proliferation phase of production become important antigens that stimulate the immune response. In order to evaluate genes activated during G . parasuis growth on different media substrates, the transcriptome of broth and agar grown G . parasuis strain 29755 were sequenced and compared. The transcription of most purported virulence genes were comparable between broth and agar grown G . parasuis ; however, four virulence-associated genes, including ompA and vapD , had elevated expression under agar growth, while six virulence-associate genes had elevated expression during broth growth, including several protease genes. Additionally, there were metabolic shifts toward increased protein and lipid production and increased cellular division in broth grown G . parasuis . The results contribute to the understanding of how growth substrate alters gene transcription and protein expression, which may impact vaccine efficacy if immunogens important to the protective immune response are not produced under specific in vitro conditions. While the results of this work are unable to fully elucidate which growth medium presents a transcriptome more representative of in vivo samples or best suited for bacterin production, it forms a foundation that can be used for future comparisons and provides a better understanding of the metabolic differences in broth and agar grown bacteria. Glaesserella parasuis is the cause of Gla¨sser’s disease in pigs and is a significant contributor to post-weaning mortality in the swine industry. Prevention of G. parasuis disease relies primarily on bacterin vaccines, which have shown good homologous protection and variable heterologous protection. Bacterin production involves large scale growth of the bacteria and proteins produced during the proliferation phase of production become important antigens that stimulate the immune response. In order to evaluate genes activated during G. parasuis growth on different media substrates, the transcriptome of broth and agar grown G. parasuis strain 29755 were sequenced and compared. The transcription of most purported virulence genes were comparable between broth and agar grown G. parasuis; however, four virulence-associated genes, including ompA and vapD, had elevated expression under agar growth, while six virulence-associate genes had elevated expression during broth growth, including several protease genes. Additionally, there were metabolic shifts toward increased protein and lipid production and increased cellular division in broth grown G. parasuis. The results contribute to the understanding of how growth substrate alters gene transcription and protein expression, which may impact vaccine efficacy if immunogens important to the protective immune response are not produced under specific in vitro conditions. While the results of this work are unable to fully elucidate which growth medium presents a transcriptome more representative of in vivo samples or best suited for bacterin production, it forms a foundation that can be used for future comparisons and provides a better understanding of the metabolic differences in broth and agar grown bacteria. |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Bayles, Darrell O Hau, Samantha J Mou, Kathy T Brockmeier, Susan L |
AuthorAffiliation | 3 Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Ames, Iowa, United States of America Università degli Studi di Pavia, ITALY 1 Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Ames, Iowa, United States of America 2 Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America |
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Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Samantha J orcidid: 0000-0002-0538-1776 surname: Hau fullname: Hau, Samantha J organization: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America – sequence: 2 givenname: Kathy T surname: Mou fullname: Mou, Kathy T organization: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America – sequence: 3 givenname: Darrell O surname: Bayles fullname: Bayles, Darrell O organization: Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Ames, Iowa, United States of America – sequence: 4 givenname: Susan L surname: Brockmeier fullname: Brockmeier, Susan L organization: Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA, Ames, Iowa, United States of America |
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Cites_doi | 10.1186/s13059-014-0550-8 10.1186/1471-2164-15-1179 10.1371/journal.pone.0063912 10.1186/1471-2105-15-182 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp352 10.1371/journal.pone.0019631 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu638 10.4014/jmb.1201.01003 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.08.019 10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.06.011 10.1186/gb-2009-10-3-r25 10.1371/journal.pone.0205700 10.1186/1471-2180-4-30 10.1093/nar/28.1.33 10.7150/jgen.10924 10.1186/s13567-015-0225-9 10.1371/journal.pone.0103787 |
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Snippet | Glaesserella parasuis is the cause of Glӓsser's disease in pigs and is a significant contributor to post-weaning mortality in the swine industry. Prevention of... Glaesserella parasuis is the cause of GlÓsser's disease in pigs and is a significant contributor to post-weaning mortality in the swine industry. Prevention of... Glaesserella parasuis is the cause of Glӓsser’s disease in pigs and is a significant contributor to post-weaning mortality in the swine industry. Prevention of... Glaesserella parasuis is the cause of Gla¨sser’s disease in pigs and is a significant contributor to post-weaning mortality in the swine industry. Prevention... Glaesserella parasuis is the cause of Glӓsser’s disease in pigs and is a significant contributor to post-weaning mortality in the swine industry. Prevention of... |
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SubjectTerms | Agar Agar - pharmacology Animal diseases Animals Antigens Bacteria Bacterial Proteins Bacterial Vaccines BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Bioinformatics biological transport Biology and Life Sciences Causes of cell metabolism Cell Proliferation - drug effects Cellular manufacture Culture Media - pharmacology Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA transcription Gene expression Gene Expression Profiling Genes Genes, Bacterial Genetic aspects Genomes Genomics Gram-negative bacteria Growth Haemophilus parasuis - genetics Haemophilus parasuis - growth & development Hemophilus infections Hogs Homology Immune response Immune system Immunologic research Immunotherapy Infections Lipids Lipids - biosynthesis Livestock metabolic pathways Pork industry Prevention Principal components analysis Proteases Protein Biosynthesis - drug effects Proteins Quality Research and analysis methods RNA sequencing Substrates Swine Swine diseases Transcription Transcription (Genetics) transcriptome analysis Vaccine efficacy Vaccines Virulence Virulence (Microbiology) Virulence - genetics Weaning |
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Title | Transcriptomic differences noted in Glaesserella parasuis between growth in broth and on agar |
URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31386681 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2268998655/abstract/ https://search.proquest.com/docview/2269396124 https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1904877 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6684057 https://doaj.org/article/7a6f4a4990174e5095deae5c458e892e http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220365 |
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