Respiratory virus behavior: Results of laboratory-based epidemiological surveillance

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 19; no. 10; p. e0307322
• Main Authors: Hernández Bautista, Porfirio Felipe, Cabrera Gaytán, David Alejandro, Vallejos Parás, Alfonso, Moctezuma Paz, Alejandro, Santacruz Tinoco, Clara Esperanza, Alvarado Yaah, Julio Elias, Anguiano Hernández, Yu Mei, Martínez Miguel, Bernardo, Arriaga Nieto, Lumumba, Jaimes Betancourt, Leticia, Sandoval Gutiérrez, Nancy
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 03.10.2024; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adenoviruses; Adolescent; Adult; Age groups; Aged; Analysis; Biology and life sciences; Bivariate analysis; Child; Child, Preschool; Coinfection - epidemiology; Coinfection - virology; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; COVID-19 - virology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data analysis; Death; Development and progression; Diagnosis; Differential diagnosis; Epidemiological Monitoring; Epidemiology; Female; Health surveillance; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Influenza; ISO standards; Laboratories; Male; Medicine and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Multivariate analysis; Pandemics; Parainfluenza; Respiratory diseases; Respiratory syncytial virus; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - diagnosis; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - epidemiology; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - virology; Respiratory tract diseases; Respiratory Tract Infections - epidemiology; Respiratory Tract Infections - virology; Rhinovirus; Rhinovirus - genetics; Rhinovirus - isolation & purification; Risk factors; SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Surveillance systems; Viral diseases; Virus diseases; Viruses; Young Adult; Mexico; California; United Kingdom > UK; United States > US
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307322

Respiratory viruses have clinical and epidemiological importance. With the COVID-19 pandemic, interest has focused on SARS-CoV-2, but as a result, the number of samples available for the differential diagnosis of other respiratory viruses has increased. Cross-sectional study. To describe the epidemiological behavior of respiratory viruses based on a laboratory-based epidemiological surveillance system using data from 2017 to 2023. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses of data from a laboratory database of respiratory viruses detected by multiplex RT‒qPCR were performed. A total of 4,632 samples with positive results for at least 1 respiratory virus, not including influenza or SARS-CoV-2, were analyzed. The most common virus detected was respiratory syncytial virus in 1,467 (26.3%) samples, followed by rhinovirus in 1,384 (24.8%) samples. Most of the samples were from children under 5 years of age. The age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of death for patients infected with parainfluenza virus 4 was 4.1 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2.0-8.2). Respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus had the highest frequency and proportion of coinfections, whereas parainfluenza virus 4 was associated with an increased risk of death.