Neuroprotective actions of methylene blue and its derivatives

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 7; no. 10; p. e48279
• Main Authors: Poteet, Ethan, Winters, Ali, Yan, Liang-Jun, Shufelt, Kyle, Green, Kayla N, Simpkins, James W, Wen, Yi, Yang, Shao-Hua
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 31.10.2012; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Aging; Animal models; Animals; Antioxidants; Biology; Cell culture; Cell Line; Chains; Chemistry; Cytochrome; Derivatives; Diagnostic systems; Electron transfer; Electron transport; Electron Transport - drug effects; Electron Transport Complex IV - metabolism; Electrons; Free Radical Scavengers - chemistry; Free Radical Scavengers - pharmacology; Glucose; Glucose oxidase; Glutamate; Lead; Medicine; Methemoglobinemia; Methylene blue; Methylene Blue - analogs & derivatives; Methylene Blue - pharmacology; Mice; Mitochondria; Mitochondria - drug effects; Mitochondria - metabolism; NADH; Neurological disorders; Neuroprotection; Neuroprotective Agents - chemistry; Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology; Neurosciences; Neurotoxicity; Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; Oxidases; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Oxygen; Oxygen consumption; Pharmacology; Phenothiazine; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Reduction; Respiration; Rotenone; Science; Stroke; Structure-activity relationships; Superoxide; Superoxides; Thiazines - pharmacology; Toxicity; Fort Worth Texas; United States > US; Texas

Methylene blue (MB), the first lead chemical structure of phenothiazine and other derivatives, is commonly used in diagnostic procedures and as a treatment for methemoglobinemia. We have previously demonstrated that MB could function as an alternative mitochondrial electron transfer carrier, enhance...