Galactose Enhances Oxidative Metabolism and Reveals Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Primary Muscle Cells

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 6; no. 12; p. e28536
• Main Authors: Aguer, Céline, Gambarotta, Daniela, Mailloux, Ryan J., Moffat, Cynthia, Dent, Robert, McPherson, Ruth, Harper, Mary-Ellen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 15.12.2011; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism; Adenylate Kinase - metabolism; Adult; Aerobiosis - drug effects; Analysis; Biochemistry; Bioenergetics; Biology; Biomarkers - metabolism; Cancer; Carbohydrates; Cell culture; Cell Differentiation - drug effects; Cells, Cultured; Citrate synthase; Culture Media - pharmacology; Cytochrome; Cytochrome c; Cytochrome-c oxidase; Dehydrogenases; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus - pathology; Diabetics; Electron Transport Complex IV - metabolism; Fatty acids; Female; Fibroblasts; Galactose; Galactose - pharmacology; Gene expression; Genotype & phenotype; Glucose; Glucose - pharmacology; Glucose metabolism; Glycolysis; Humans; Immunology; Insulin resistance; Kinases; Lactates; Lactic acid; Localization; Male; Medicine; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Mitochondria - drug effects; Mitochondria - enzymology; Mitochondria - metabolism; Mitochondria - pathology; Mitochondrial DNA; Molecular modelling; Muscle Cells - drug effects; Muscle Cells - metabolism; Muscle Cells - pathology; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - drug effects; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - metabolism; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - pathology; Muscles; Musculoskeletal system; Myoblasts; Myotubes; Oxidase; Oxidases; Oxidation-Reduction - drug effects; Oxidative metabolism; Oxygen; Oxygen consumption; Patients; Phosphorylation; Phosphorylation - drug effects; Physiological aspects; Proteins; Respiration; Studies; Type 2 diabetes

Human primary myotubes are highly glycolytic when cultured in high glucose medium rendering it difficult to study mitochondrial dysfunction. Galactose is known to enhance mitochondrial metabolism and could be an excellent model to study mitochondrial dysfunction in human primary myotubes. The aim of...