An exocyst component, Sec5, is essential for ascospore formation in Bipolaris maydis
In this study, we identified Sec5 in Bipolaris maydis, a homologue of Sec5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a possible exocyst component of the fungus. To examine how Sec5 affects the life cycle of B. maydis, we generated null mutant strains of the gene (Δsec5). The Δsec5 strains showed a strong redu...
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| Published in | Mycoscience Vol. 62; no. 5; pp. 289 - 296 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Japan
The Mycological Society of Japan
20.09.2021
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1340-3540 1618-2545 |
| DOI | 10.47371/mycosci.2021.05.002 |
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| Abstract | In this study, we identified Sec5 in Bipolaris maydis, a homologue of Sec5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a possible exocyst component of the fungus. To examine how Sec5 affects the life cycle of B. maydis, we generated null mutant strains of the gene (Δsec5). The Δsec5 strains showed a strong reduction in hyphal growth and a slight reduction in pathogenicity. In sexual reproduction, they possessed the ability to develop pseudothecia. However, all ascospores were aborted in any of the asci obtained from crosses between Δsec5 and the wild-type. Our cytological study revealed that the abortion was caused by impairments of the post-meiotic stages in ascospore development, where ascospore delimitation and young spore elongation occur. |
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| AbstractList | In this study, we identified Sec5 in
, a homologue of Sec5 in
and a possible exocyst component of the fungus. To examine how Sec5 affects the life cycle of
, we generated null mutant strains of the gene (
). The
strains showed a strong reduction in hyphal growth and a slight reduction in pathogenicity. In sexual reproduction, they possessed the ability to develop pseudothecia. However, all ascospores were aborted in any of the asci obtained from crosses between
and the wild-type. Our cytological study revealed that the abortion was caused by impairments of the post-meiotic stages in ascospore development, where ascospore delimitation and young spore elongation occur. In this study, we identified Sec5 in Bipolaris maydis, a homologue of Sec5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a possible exocyst component of the fungus. To examine how Sec5 affects the life cycle of B. maydis, we generated null mutant strains of the gene (Δsec5). The Δsec5 strains showed a strong reduction in hyphal growth and a slight reduction in pathogenicity. In sexual reproduction, they possessed the ability to develop pseudothecia. However, all ascospores were aborted in any of the asci obtained from crosses between Δsec5 and the wild-type. Our cytological study revealed that the abortion was caused by impairments of the post-meiotic stages in ascospore development, where ascospore delimitation and young spore elongation occur.In this study, we identified Sec5 in Bipolaris maydis, a homologue of Sec5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a possible exocyst component of the fungus. To examine how Sec5 affects the life cycle of B. maydis, we generated null mutant strains of the gene (Δsec5). The Δsec5 strains showed a strong reduction in hyphal growth and a slight reduction in pathogenicity. In sexual reproduction, they possessed the ability to develop pseudothecia. However, all ascospores were aborted in any of the asci obtained from crosses between Δsec5 and the wild-type. Our cytological study revealed that the abortion was caused by impairments of the post-meiotic stages in ascospore development, where ascospore delimitation and young spore elongation occur. In this study, we identified Sec5 in Bipolaris maydis , a homologue of Sec5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a possible exocyst component of the fungus. To examine how Sec5 affects the life cycle of B. maydis , we generated null mutant strains of the gene ( Δsec5 ). The Δsec5 strains showed a strong reduction in hyphal growth and a slight reduction in pathogenicity. In sexual reproduction, they possessed the ability to develop pseudothecia. However, all ascospores were aborted in any of the asci obtained from crosses between Δsec5 and the wild-type. Our cytological study revealed that the abortion was caused by impairments of the post-meiotic stages in ascospore development, where ascospore delimitation and young spore elongation occur. In this study, we identified Sec5 in Bipolaris maydis, a homologue of Sec5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a possible exocyst component of the fungus. To examine how Sec5 affects the life cycle of B. maydis, we generated null mutant strains of the gene (Δsec5). The Δsec5 strains showed a strong reduction in hyphal growth and a slight reduction in pathogenicity. In sexual reproduction, they possessed the ability to develop pseudothecia. However, all ascospores were aborted in any of the asci obtained from crosses between Δsec5 and the wild-type. Our cytological study revealed that the abortion was caused by impairments of the post-meiotic stages in ascospore development, where ascospore delimitation and young spore elongation occur. |
| ArticleNumber | MYC543 |
| Author | Kitade, Yuki Tanaka, Chihiro Tsuji, Kenya Sumita, Takuya |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1146/annurev.phyto.36.1.115 10.1105/tpc.15.00552 10.1038/s41594-017-0016-2 10.1016/j.fgb.2007.08.007 10.1016/S0953-7562(09)81360-9 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb01039.x 10.1139/b82-143 10.1007/s00294-009-0257-7 10.1016/j.pbi.2015.09.003 10.1091/mbc.8.4.647 10.1007/s00294-019-01002-9 10.1091/mbc.e13-06-0299 10.1139/b56-047 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.01915.x 10.1093/bioinformatics/btm404 10.1016/j.funbio.2017.05.008 10.1091/mbc.E16-03-0162 10.1038/nprot.2006.405 10.1371/journal.pone.0068681 10.1094/Phyto-76-383 10.1007/S10267-012-0182-3 10.4148/1941-4765.1367 10.12705/626.22 10.1016/j.cub.2018.06.042 10.1038/ncomms2996 10.1007/s00294-019-00977-9 |
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| Keywords | sexual reproduction Cochliobolus heterostrophus exocytosis membrane traffic |
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(1997). Sec3p is involved in secretion and morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 8, 647–662. https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.8.4.647 Yang, X., Ben, S., Sun, Y., Fan, X., Tian, C., & Wang, Y. (2013). Genome-wide identification, phylogeny and expression profile of vesicle fusion components in Verticillium dahliae. PLoS ONE, 8, e68681. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068681 Giraldo, M. C., Dagdas, Y. F., Gupta, Y. K., Mentlak, T. A., Yi, M., Martinez-Rocha, A. L., Saitoh, H., Terauchi, R., Talbot,N. J., & Valent, B. (2013). Two distinct secretion systems facilitate tissue invasion by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Nature Communication, 4, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2996 Mei, K., & Guo, W. (2018). The exocyst complex. Current Biology, 28, R922–R925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.06.042 Chen, X., Ebbole D.J., & Wang, Z. (2015). The exocyst complex: delivery hub for morphogenesis and pathogenesis in filamentous fungi. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 28, 48–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2015.09.003 Sumita, T., Izumitsu, K., & Tanka, C. (2017). Characterization of the autophagy-related gene BmATG8 in Bipolaris maydis. Fungal Biology, 121, 785–797. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.funbio.2017.05.008 Imada, K., & Nakamura, T. (2016). The exocytic Rabs Ypt3 and Ypt2 regulate the early step of biogenesis of the spore plasma membrane in fission yeast. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 27, 3317–3328. https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E16-03-0162 Izumitsu, K., Yoshimi, A., Kubo, D., Morita, A., Saitoh, Y., & Tanaka, C. (2009). The MAPKK kinase ChSte11 regulates sexual/asexual development, melanization, pathogenicity, and adaption to oxidative stress in Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Current Gentics, 55, 439–448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-009-0257-7 Kitade, Y., Sumita, T., Izumitsu, K., & Tanaka, C. (2019). Cla4 PAK-like kinase is required for pathogenesis, asexual/sexual development and polarized growth in Bipolaris maydis. Current Genetics, 65, 1229–1242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-019-00977-9 Turgeon, B. G. (1998). Application of mating type gene technology to problems in fungal biology. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 36, 115–137. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.36.1.115 Rossman, A. Y., Manamgoda, D. S., & Hyde, K. D. (2013). Proposal to conserve the name Helminthosporium maydis Y. Nisik. & C. Miyake (Bipolaris maydis) again H. maydis Brond. and Ophiobolus heterostrophus (Ascomycota: Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae). Taxon, 62, 1332–1333. https://doi.org/10.12705/626.22 Hrushovetz, S. B. (1956). Cytological studies of ascus development in Cochliobolus sativus. Canadian Journal of Botany, 34, 641–651. https://doi.org/10.1139/b56-047 Sato, H., Sawano, T., Shigemori, I., Mejima, H., & Miki, M. (2008). Breeding of a silage maize hybrid cultivar “Takanestar”. Bulliten of the Nagano Chushin Agricultural Experiment Station, 18, 11–24 [In Japnaese]. Guan, W., Feng, J., Wang, R., Ma, Z., Wang, W., Wang, K., & Zhu, T. (2019). Functional analysis of the exocyst subunit BcExo70 in Botrytis cinerea. Current Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-019-01002-9 Larkin, M. A., Blackshields, G., Brown, N. P., Chenna, R., McGettigan, P. A., McWilliam, H., Valentin, F., Wallace, I. M., Wilm, A., Lopez, R., Thompson, J. D., Gibson, T. J., & Higgins, D. G. (2007). Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0. Bioinformatics, 23, 2947–2948. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btm404 Yoder, O. C., Valent, B., & Chumley, F. (1986). Genetic nomenclature and practice for plant pathogenic fungi. Phytopathology, 76, 383–385. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-76-383 Tanaka, C., Kubo, Y., & Tsuda, M. (1991). Genetic analysis and characterization of Cochlioborus heterostrophus colour mutants. Mycological Research, 95, 49–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)81360-9. Carroll, A. M., Sweigard, J. A., & Valent, B. (1994). Improved vectors for selecting resistance to hygromycin. Fungal Genetics Reports, 41, Article 5. https://doi.org/10.4148/1941-4765.1367 Gupta, Y. K., Dagdas, Y. F., Martinez-Rocha, A. L., Kershaw, M. J., Littlejohn, G. R., Ryder, L. S., Sklenar, J., Menke, F., & Talbot, N. (2015). Septin-dependent assembly of the exocyst is essential for plant infection. The Plant Cell, 27, 3277–3289. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.15.00552 Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F., & Maniatis, T. (1989). Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual (2nd ed.) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. Ribeiro, O. K. (1978). A source book of the genus Phytophthora. J. Cramer. TerBush, D. R., Maurice, T., Roth, D., & Novick, P. (1996). The exocyst is a multiprotein complex required for exocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The EMBO Journal, 15, 6483–6494. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb01039.x 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 21 |
| References_xml | – reference: Chen, X., Ebbole D.J., & Wang, Z. (2015). The exocyst complex: delivery hub for morphogenesis and pathogenesis in filamentous fungi. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 28, 48–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2015.09.003 – reference: Raju, N. B. (2008). Meiosis and ascospore development in Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 45, 554–564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2007.08.007 – reference: Kitade, Y., Sumita, T., Izumitsu, K., & Tanaka, C. (2019). Cla4 PAK-like kinase is required for pathogenesis, asexual/sexual development and polarized growth in Bipolaris maydis. Current Genetics, 65, 1229–1242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-019-00977-9 – reference: Yang, X., Ben, S., Sun, Y., Fan, X., Tian, C., & Wang, Y. (2013). Genome-wide identification, phylogeny and expression profile of vesicle fusion components in Verticillium dahliae. PLoS ONE, 8, e68681. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068681 – reference: Riquelme, M., Bredeweg, E. L., Callejas-Negrete, O., Roberson, R. W., Ludwig, S., Beltran-Aguilar, A., Seiler, S., Novick, P., & Freitag, M. (2014). The Neurospora crassa exocyst complex tethers Spitzenkörper vesicles to the apical plasma membrane during polarized growth. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 25, 1312–1326. https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E13-06-0299 – reference: Finger, F.P., & Novick, P. (1997). Sec3p is involved in secretion and morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 8, 647–662. https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.8.4.647 – reference: Hrushovetz, S. B. (1956). Cytological studies of ascus development in Cochliobolus sativus. Canadian Journal of Botany, 34, 641–651. https://doi.org/10.1139/b56-047 – reference: Izumitsu, K., Yoshimi, A., Kubo, D., Morita, A., Saitoh, Y., & Tanaka, C. (2009). The MAPKK kinase ChSte11 regulates sexual/asexual development, melanization, pathogenicity, and adaption to oxidative stress in Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Current Gentics, 55, 439–448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-009-0257-7 – reference: Carroll, A. M., Sweigard, J. A., & Valent, B. (1994). Improved vectors for selecting resistance to hygromycin. Fungal Genetics Reports, 41, Article 5. https://doi.org/10.4148/1941-4765.1367 – reference: Ribeiro, O. K. (1978). A source book of the genus Phytophthora. J. Cramer. – reference: Yoder, O. C., Valent, B., & Chumley, F. (1986). Genetic nomenclature and practice for plant pathogenic fungi. Phytopathology, 76, 383–385. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-76-383 – reference: Giraldo, M. C., Dagdas, Y. F., Gupta, Y. K., Mentlak, T. A., Yi, M., Martinez-Rocha, A. L., Saitoh, H., Terauchi, R., Talbot,N. J., & Valent, B. (2013). Two distinct secretion systems facilitate tissue invasion by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. 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| Snippet | In this study, we identified Sec5 in Bipolaris maydis, a homologue of Sec5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a possible exocyst component of the fungus. To... In this study, we identified Sec5 in , a homologue of Sec5 in and a possible exocyst component of the fungus. To examine how Sec5 affects the life cycle of ,... In this study, we identified Sec5 in Bipolaris maydis , a homologue of Sec5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a possible exocyst component of the fungus. To... |
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| SubjectTerms | Cochliobolus heterostrophus exocytosis membrane traffic sexual reproduction Short Communication |
| Title | An exocyst component, Sec5, is essential for ascospore formation in Bipolaris maydis |
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