面向意识形态安全的网络舆论乱象柔性治理：难点问题、重要发现与前景展望
综合考察舆论场现实情况、政策依据、当前治理短板、学界研究现状，面向意识形态安全创新网络舆论乱象治理模式已成为当务之急。舆论内含的情感、心理、认知等决定其具有被柔性治理的可能性。作为“事理+公理+情理”逻辑基础上的善治范式，柔性治理与刚性治理相适配，成为消解网络舆论乱象的重要维度。立足传播学和媒介可供性等理论，采用质性分析、深度访谈、量化实证相结合的方法，集中探索“为何意识形态安全可从舆论着手”“网络舆论乱象何以能被柔性治理”“柔性治理的对象是什么”“柔性治理的过程与影响因素”“柔性治理如何具体化”等问题。研究发现：舆论借自身的社会物质性、社会工程性等特质与意识形态发生关系。舆论治理的基本精神、...
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| Published in | 西安交通大学学报（社会科学版） Vol. 43; no. 6; pp. 28 - 41 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
西安交通大学
25.11.2023
西安交通大学新闻与新媒体学院,陕西西安 710049%西安交通大学马克思主义学院,陕西西安 710049 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1008-245X |
| DOI | 10.15896/j.xjtuskxb.202306003 |
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| Abstract | 综合考察舆论场现实情况、政策依据、当前治理短板、学界研究现状，面向意识形态安全创新网络舆论乱象治理模式已成为当务之急。舆论内含的情感、心理、认知等决定其具有被柔性治理的可能性。作为“事理+公理+情理”逻辑基础上的善治范式，柔性治理与刚性治理相适配，成为消解网络舆论乱象的重要维度。立足传播学和媒介可供性等理论，采用质性分析、深度访谈、量化实证相结合的方法，集中探索“为何意识形态安全可从舆论着手”“网络舆论乱象何以能被柔性治理”“柔性治理的对象是什么”“柔性治理的过程与影响因素”“柔性治理如何具体化”等问题。研究发现：舆论借自身的社会物质性、社会工程性等特质与意识形态发生关系。舆论治理的基本精神、刚性手段的效能隐忧等要素叠加，确证了网络舆论乱象与柔性治理联结的可能性。当前，网络舆论乱象已在内容、时间、空间、价值方面表征出新的样态，尤其是作为其相近形态的网络社会思潮已对意识形态安全造成潜在风险挑战。柔性治理通过“内刚+顺理”立场的权威嵌入、依托情感间性的人本观照与共治心理互联、根植非正式关系的全要素贯穿与深层交往、基于工具辩证性使用的媒介技术耦合，从原则、方法、要素、工具四个层面完成治理过程。基于改良DelphiMethod、多输入加权优序图法及AHP进行实证分析看出，用户、价值、媒介、话语、场景依次对治理流程施加作用力，进而决定治理绩效。由此提出内生性治理、实体本位治理、媒介化治理、造血式治理、情境式治理五个建议，强调通过观念革新和理论自证、问题纾解与真相还原、技术赋能及情感沟通、话语转变和舆情处置、场景建构与氛围营造等途径，有效治理网络舆论乱象而助力意识形态安全。 |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | 综合考察舆论场现实情况、政策依据、当前治理短板、学界研究现状，面向意识形态安全创新网络舆论乱象治理模式已成为当务之急。舆论内含的情感、心理、认知等决定其具有被柔性治理的可能性。作为“事理+公理+情理”逻辑基础上的善治范式，柔性治理与刚性治理相适配，成为消解网络舆论乱象的重要维度。立足传播学和媒介可供性等理论，采用质性分析、深度访谈、量化实证相结合的方法，集中探索“为何意识形态安全可从舆论着手”“网络舆论乱象何以能被柔性治理”“柔性治理的对象是什么”“柔性治理的过程与影响因素”“柔性治理如何具体化”等问题。研究发现：舆论借自身的社会物质性、社会工程性等特质与意识形态发生关系。舆论治理的基本精神、刚性手段的效能隐忧等要素叠加，确证了网络舆论乱象与柔性治理联结的可能性。当前，网络舆论乱象已在内容、时间、空间、价值方面表征出新的样态，尤其是作为其相近形态的网络社会思潮已对意识形态安全造成潜在风险挑战。柔性治理通过“内刚+顺理”立场的权威嵌入、依托情感间性的人本观照与共治心理互联、根植非正式关系的全要素贯穿与深层交往、基于工具辩证性使用的媒介技术耦合，从原则、方法、要素、工具四个层面完成治理过程。基于改良DelphiMethod、多输入加权优序图法及AHP进行实证分析看出，用户、价值、媒介、话语、场景依次对治理流程施加作用力，进而决定治理绩效。由此提出内生性治理、实体本位治理、媒介化治理、造血式治理、情境式治理五个建议，强调通过观念革新和理论自证、问题纾解与真相还原、技术赋能及情感沟通、话语转变和舆情处置、场景建构与氛围营造等途径，有效治理网络舆论乱象而助力意识形态安全。 G206%D64%C912.63; 综合考察舆论场现实情况、政策依据、当前治理短板、学界研究现状,面向意识形态安全创新网络舆论乱象治理模式已成为当务之急.舆论内含的情感、心理、认知等决定其具有被柔性治理的可能性.作为"事理+公理+情理"逻辑基础上的善治范式,柔性治理与刚性治理相适配,成为消解网络舆论乱象的重要维度.立足传播学和媒介可供性等理论,采用质性分析、深度访谈、量化实证相结合的方法 ,集中探索"为何意识形态安全可从舆论着手""网络舆论乱象何以能被柔性治理""柔性治理的对象是什么""柔性治理的过程与影响因素""柔性治理如何具体化"等问题. 研究发现:舆论借自身的社会物质性、社会工程性等特质与意识形态发生关系.舆论治理的基本精神、刚性手段的效能隐忧等要素叠加,确证了网络舆论乱象与柔性治理联结的可能性.当前,网络舆论乱象已在内容、时间、空间、价值方面表征出新的样态,尤其是作为其相近形态的网络社会思潮已对意识形态安全造成潜在风险挑战.柔性治理通过"内刚+顺理"立场的权威嵌入、依托情感间性的人本观照与共治心理互联、根植非正式关系的全要素贯穿与深层交往、基于工具辩证性使用的媒介技术耦合,从原则、方法、要素、工具四个层面完成治理过程.基于改良Delphi Method、多输入加权优序图法及AHP进行实证分析看出,用户、价值、媒介、话语、场景依次对治理流程施加作用力,进而决定治理绩效.由此提出内生性治理、实体本位治理、媒介化治理、造血式治理、情境式治理五个建议,强调通过观念革新和理论自证、问题纾解与真相还原、技术赋能及情感沟通、话语转变和舆情处置、场景建构与氛围营造等途径,有效治理网络舆论乱象而助力意识形态安全. |
| Abstract_FL | Considering empirical observations of the public opinion landscape,policy foundations,current governance deficiencies,and the state of academic research,it is imperative to innovative methods of managing online public opinion chaos to fortify the foundation of ideological security.The personal factors such as emotions,psychology,and cognition within public opinion determine the feasibility of implementing flexible governance.Flexible governance is a good governance model that combines logical,axiomatic,and emotional rationales,and its integration with rigid governance model becomes a crucial pathway for addressing the chaos in online public discourse.This study applies theories such as communication studies and media availability,and employs a combination of qualitative interviews,case analysis,and quantitative empirical methods to focus on key issues such as"why initiate efforts to safeguard ideological security through public opinion""how can online public opinion chaos be flexibly governed""what is the target of flexible governance""the logical processes and influences of flexible governance,"and"feasible measures for flexible governance."The research findings indicate that public opinion establishes connections with ideology through its own social materiality and social engineering characteristics.The convergence of factors such as the fundamental spirit and the ineffectiveness of rigid measures has confirmed the potential for combining flexible governance to address the chaos in online public discourse.
Currently,online public opinion chaos has manifested new characteristics in terms of content,timing,space,and values.In particular,social thought,which is its close form,has already posed potential challenges to ideological security.Flexible governance is implemented through four dimensions:stance,approach,elements,and tools.It involves the integration of a fundamental standpoint that combines"internal rigidity"with"logical congruence,"aiming to meet basic human needs and promote a co-governance mentality.It interweaves multiple elements to enhance their interconnectedness and adopts a dialectical approach to handle and utilize media tools.Communication theory,media availability theory,as well as empirical data from the Modified Delphi Method,Multi-Input Weighted Superiority Plot Method and AHP,indicate that users,values,media,discourse and scenarios sequentially influence the governance process,thus determining governance performance.Based on these indicators,five recommendations are proposed:endogenous governance,entity-centric governance,media-centric governance,regenerative governance,and situational governance.These recommendations underscore the importance of strategies such as theoretical self-validation and conceptual innovation,issue resolution and truth restoration,technological empowerment and emotional communication,discourse transformation and public sentiment management,as well as scenario construction and ambiance creation,to effectively manage the chaos in online public discourse and support ideological work. |
| Author | 寇杰 李明德 |
| AuthorAffiliation | 西安交通大学新闻与新媒体学院,陕西西安 710049%西安交通大学马克思主义学院,陕西西安 710049 |
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| Author_FL | KOU Jie LI Mingde |
| Author_FL_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: LI Mingde – sequence: 2 fullname: KOU Jie |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: 李明德 organization: 西安交通大学新闻与新媒体学院,陕西西安710049 – sequence: 2 fullname: 寇杰 organization: 西安交通大学马克思主义学院,陕西西安710049 |
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| Keywords | 意识形态安全 网络舆论乱象 网络舆论 善治 柔性治理 社会思潮 social thought online public opinion good governance ideological security flexible governance online public opinion chaos |
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| Title | 面向意识形态安全的网络舆论乱象柔性治理：难点问题、重要发现与前景展望 |
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