Preferential Allele Expression Analysis Identifies Shared Germline and Somatic Driver Genes in Advanced Ovarian Cancer
Identifying genes where a variant allele is preferentially expressed in tumors could lead to a better understanding of cancer biology and optimization of targeted therapy. However, tumor sample heterogeneity complicates standard approaches for detecting preferential allele expression. We therefore d...
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Published in | PLoS genetics Vol. 12; no. 1; p. e1005755 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Public Library of Science
01.01.2016
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Abstract | Identifying genes where a variant allele is preferentially expressed in tumors could lead to a better understanding of cancer biology and optimization of targeted therapy. However, tumor sample heterogeneity complicates standard approaches for detecting preferential allele expression. We therefore developed a novel approach combining genome and transcriptome sequencing data from the same sample that corrects for sample heterogeneity and identifies significant preferentially expressed alleles. We applied this analysis to epithelial ovarian cancer samples consisting of matched primary ovary and peritoneum and lymph node metastasis. We find that preferentially expressed variant alleles include germline and somatic variants, are shared at a relatively high frequency between patients, and are in gene networks known to be involved in cancer processes. Analysis at a patient level identifies patient-specific preferentially expressed alleles in genes that are targets for known drugs. Analysis at a site level identifies patterns of site specific preferential allele expression with similar pathways being impacted in the primary and metastasis sites. We conclude that genes with preferentially expressed variant alleles can act as cancer drivers and that targeting those genes could lead to new therapeutic strategies. |
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AbstractList | Identifying genes where a variant allele is preferentially expressed in tumors could lead to a better understanding of cancer biology and optimization of targeted therapy. However, tumor sample heterogeneity complicates standard approaches for detecting preferential allele expression. We therefore developed a novel approach combining genome and transcriptome sequencing data from the same sample that corrects for sample heterogeneity and identifies significant preferentially expressed alleles. We applied this analysis to epithelial ovarian cancer samples consisting of matched primary ovary and peritoneum and lymph node metastasis. We find that preferentially expressed variant alleles include germline and somatic variants, are shared at a relatively high frequency between patients, and are in gene networks known to be involved in cancer processes. Analysis at a patient level identifies patient-specific preferentially expressed alleles in genes that are targets for known drugs. Analysis at a site level identifies patterns of site specific preferential allele expression with similar pathways being impacted in the primary and metastasis sites. We conclude that genes with preferentially expressed variant alleles can act as cancer drivers and that targeting those genes could lead to new therapeutic strategies. Identifying genes where a variant allele is preferentially expressed in tumors could lead to a better understanding of cancer biology and optimization of targeted therapy. However, tumor sample heterogeneity complicates standard approaches for detecting preferential allele expression. We therefore developed a novel approach combining genome and transcriptome sequencing data from the same sample that corrects for sample heterogeneity and identifies significant preferentially expressed alleles. We applied this analysis to epithelial ovarian cancer samples consisting of matched primary ovary and peritoneum and lymph node metastasis. We find that preferentially expressed variant alleles include germline and somatic variants, are shared at a relatively high frequency between patients, and are in gene networks known to be involved in cancer processes. Analysis at a patient level identifies patient-specific preferentially expressed alleles in genes that are targets for known drugs. Analysis at a site level identifies patterns of site specific preferential allele expression with similar pathways being impacted in the primary and metastasis sites. We conclude that genes with preferentially expressed variant alleles can act as cancer drivers and that targeting those genes could lead to new therapeutic strategies. Identifying genes that contribute to cancer biology is complicated partly because cancers can have dozens of somatic mutations and thousands of germline variants. Somatic mutations are gene variants that arise after conception in an organism while germline variants are gene variants present at conception in an organism. Most methods to identify cancer drivers have focused on determining somatic mutations. In this study we attempt to identify, from a tumor sample, important germline and somatic variants by determining if a variant is expressed (made into RNA) more than expected from the amount of the variant in the genome. The preferred expression of a variant could benefit cancer cells. When applying our analysis to ovarian cancer samples we found that despite the apparent heterogeneity, different patients frequently share the same genes with preferentially expressed variants. These genes in many cases are known to affect cancer processes such as DNA repair, cell adhesion and cell signaling and are targetable with known drugs. We therefore conclude that our analysis can identify germline and somatic gene variants that contribute to cancer biology and can potentially guide individualized therapies. Identifying genes where a variant allele is preferentially expressed in tumors could lead to a better understanding of cancer biology and optimization of targeted therapy. However, tumor sample heterogeneity complicates standard approaches for detecting preferential allele expression. We therefore developed a novel approach combining genome and transcriptome sequencing data from the same sample that corrects for sample heterogeneity and identifies significant preferentially expressed alleles. We applied this analysis to epithelial ovarian cancer samples consisting of matched primary ovary and peritoneum and lymph node metastasis. We find that preferentially expressed variant alleles include germline and somatic variants, are shared at a relatively high frequency between patients, and are in gene networks known to be involved in cancer processes. Analysis at a patient level identifies patient-specific preferentially expressed alleles in genes that are targets for known drugs. Analysis at a site level identifies patterns of site specific preferential allele expression with similar pathways being impacted in the primary and metastasis sites. We conclude that genes with preferentially expressed variant alleles can act as cancer drivers and that targeting those genes could lead to new therapeutic strategies. |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Querleu, Denis Al-Azwani, Iman Al-Farsi, Halema McLurcan, Cameron Malek, Joel A Rafii, Arash Khalak, Hanif G Puydenus, Laurence Al-Dous, Eman Martinez, Alejandra Halabi, Najeeb M Pujol, Pascal Mery, Eliane Mohamoud, Yasmin A Ferron, Gwenael |
AuthorAffiliation | 4 Oncogenetics, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France University of Washington, UNITED STATES 6 Biosciences Department, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom 1 Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, United States of America 2 Surgery Department, Institute Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France 7 Genomics Core, Weill-Cornell Medical in Qatar, Doha, Qatar 8 Stem Cells and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill-Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar 5 Advanced Computing, Weill-Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar 3 Pathology Department, Institute Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 7 Genomics Core, Weill-Cornell Medical in Qatar, Doha, Qatar – name: 3 Pathology Department, Institute Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France – name: 6 Biosciences Department, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom – name: University of Washington, UNITED STATES – name: 1 Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, United States of America – name: 5 Advanced Computing, Weill-Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar – name: 8 Stem Cells and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill-Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar – name: 4 Oncogenetics, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France – name: 2 Surgery Department, Institute Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Najeeb M surname: Halabi fullname: Halabi, Najeeb M organization: Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, United States of America – sequence: 2 givenname: Alejandra surname: Martinez fullname: Martinez, Alejandra organization: Surgery Department, Institute Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France – sequence: 3 givenname: Halema surname: Al-Farsi fullname: Al-Farsi, Halema organization: Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, United States of America – sequence: 4 givenname: Eliane surname: Mery fullname: Mery, Eliane organization: Pathology Department, Institute Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France – sequence: 5 givenname: Laurence surname: Puydenus fullname: Puydenus, Laurence organization: Pathology Department, Institute Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France – sequence: 6 givenname: Pascal surname: Pujol fullname: Pujol, Pascal organization: Oncogenetics, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France – sequence: 7 givenname: Hanif G surname: Khalak fullname: Khalak, Hanif G organization: Advanced Computing, Weill-Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar – sequence: 8 givenname: Cameron surname: McLurcan fullname: McLurcan, Cameron organization: Biosciences Department, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom – sequence: 9 givenname: Gwenael surname: Ferron fullname: Ferron, Gwenael organization: Surgery Department, Institute Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France – sequence: 10 givenname: Denis surname: Querleu fullname: Querleu, Denis organization: Surgery Department, Institute Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France – sequence: 11 givenname: Iman surname: Al-Azwani fullname: Al-Azwani, Iman organization: Genomics Core, Weill-Cornell Medical in Qatar, Doha, Qatar – sequence: 12 givenname: Eman surname: Al-Dous fullname: Al-Dous, Eman organization: Genomics Core, Weill-Cornell Medical in Qatar, Doha, Qatar – sequence: 13 givenname: Yasmin A surname: Mohamoud fullname: Mohamoud, Yasmin A organization: Genomics Core, Weill-Cornell Medical in Qatar, Doha, Qatar – sequence: 14 givenname: Joel A surname: Malek fullname: Malek, Joel A organization: Genomics Core, Weill-Cornell Medical in Qatar, Doha, Qatar – sequence: 15 givenname: Arash surname: Rafii fullname: Rafii, Arash organization: Stem Cells and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill-Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar |
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ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science Attribution 2016 Halabi et al 2016 Halabi et al 2016 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Halabi NM, Martinez A, Al-Farsi H, Mery E, Puydenus L, Pujol P, et al. (2016) Preferential Allele Expression Analysis Identifies Shared Germline and Somatic Driver Genes in Advanced Ovarian Cancer. PLoS Genet 12(1): e1005755. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005755 |
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Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 PMCID: PMC4703369 Conceived and designed the experiments: NMH DQ AR AM. Performed the experiments: AM EM LP GF DQ JAM AR HAF PP IAA EAD YAM. Analyzed the data: NMH AM HGK CM JAM AR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JAM. Wrote the paper: NMH AM AR HAF. The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. |
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Snippet | Identifying genes where a variant allele is preferentially expressed in tumors could lead to a better understanding of cancer biology and optimization of... Identifying genes where a variant allele is preferentially expressed in tumors could lead to a better understanding of cancer biology and optimization of... |
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SubjectTerms | Alleles Allelic Imbalance Allelic Imbalance - genetics Allelomorphism Bias Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Biology Cancer Cell adhesion & migration Female Gene expression Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic Gene Regulatory Networks Genetic aspects Genomes Genomics Germ Cells Gynecology and obstetrics Health aspects High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing Human health and pathology Humans Life Sciences Metastasis Mutation Neoplasm Proteins Neoplasm Proteins - biosynthesis Neoplasm Proteins - genetics Observations Ovarian cancer Ovarian Neoplasms Ovarian Neoplasms - genetics Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology Patients Studies Transcriptome |
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Title | Preferential Allele Expression Analysis Identifies Shared Germline and Somatic Driver Genes in Advanced Ovarian Cancer |
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