Beyond the average: An updated framework for understanding the relationship between cell growth, DNA replication, and division in a bacterial system

Our understanding of the bacterial cell cycle is framed largely by population-based experiments that focus on the behavior of idealized average cells. Most famously, the contributions of Cooper and Helmstetter help to contextualize the phenomenon of overlapping replication cycles observed in rapidly...

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Published inPLoS genetics Vol. 19; no. 1; p. e1010505
Main Authors Sanders, Sara, Joshi, Kunaal, Levin, Petra Anne, Iyer-Biswas, Srividya
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Public Library of Science 05.01.2023
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
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Abstract Our understanding of the bacterial cell cycle is framed largely by population-based experiments that focus on the behavior of idealized average cells. Most famously, the contributions of Cooper and Helmstetter help to contextualize the phenomenon of overlapping replication cycles observed in rapidly growing bacteria. Despite the undeniable value of these approaches, their necessary reliance on the behavior of idealized average cells masks the stochasticity inherent in single-cell growth and physiology and limits their mechanistic value. To bridge this gap, we propose an updated and agnostic framework, informed by extant single-cell data, that quantitatively accounts for stochastic variations in single-cell dynamics and the impact of medium composition on cell growth and cell cycle progression. In this framework, stochastic timers sensitive to medium composition impact the relationship between cell cycle events, accounting for observed differences in the relationship between cell cycle events in slow- and fast-growing cells. We conclude with a roadmap for potential application of this framework to longstanding open questions in the bacterial cell cycle field.
AbstractList Our understanding of the bacterial cell cycle is framed largely by population-based experiments that focus on the behavior of idealized average cells. Most famously, the contributions of Cooper and Helmstetter help to contextualize the phenomenon of overlapping replication cycles observed in rapidly growing bacteria. Despite the undeniable value of these approaches, their necessary reliance on the behavior of idealized average cells masks the stochasticity inherent in single-cell growth and physiology and limits their mechanistic value. To bridge this gap, we propose an updated and agnostic framework, informed by extant single-cell data, that quantitatively accounts for stochastic variations in single-cell dynamics and the impact of medium composition on cell growth and cell cycle progression. In this framework, stochastic timers sensitive to medium composition impact the relationship between cell cycle events, accounting for observed differences in the relationship between cell cycle events in slow- and fast-growing cells. We conclude with a roadmap for potential application of this framework to longstanding open questions in the bacterial cell cycle field.
Audience Academic
Author Iyer-Biswas, Srividya
Sanders, Sara
Levin, Petra Anne
Joshi, Kunaal
AuthorAffiliation 3 Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America
1 Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, UNITED STATES
2 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
– name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, UNITED STATES
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– name: 1 Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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  surname: Sanders
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  organization: Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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  givenname: Kunaal
  orcidid: 0000-0002-8001-1230
  surname: Joshi
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  organization: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
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  givenname: Petra Anne
  surname: Levin
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  surname: Iyer-Biswas
  fullname: Iyer-Biswas, Srividya
  organization: Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36602967$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1186_s12866_024_03272_x
crossref_primary_10_1091_mbc_E23_11_0452
crossref_primary_10_1128_mbio_01585_23
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License Copyright: © 2023 Sanders et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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RelatedPersons Cooper, Stephen
RelatedPersons_xml – fullname: Cooper, Stephen
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Snippet Our understanding of the bacterial cell cycle is framed largely by population-based experiments that focus on the behavior of idealized average cells. Most...
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StartPage e1010505
SubjectTerms Bacteria
Bacteria - genetics
Biology and Life Sciences
Cell cycle
Cell Cycle - genetics
Cell division
Cell Division - genetics
Cell growth
Chromosomes
Chromosomes, Bacterial
DNA
DNA biosynthesis
DNA replication
DNA Replication - genetics
DNA, Bacterial - genetics
E coli
Genetic aspects
Growth
Medicine and Health Sciences
Microbiological research
Physical Sciences
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Proteins
Replication
Research and Analysis Methods
Social Sciences
Stochasticity
Viewpoints
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Title Beyond the average: An updated framework for understanding the relationship between cell growth, DNA replication, and division in a bacterial system
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1010505
Volume 19
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