Differential investment and costs during avian incubation determined by individual quality: an experimental study of the common eider (Somateria mollissima)

• Published in: Proceedings of the Royal Society. B, Biological sciences Vol. 270; no. 1514; pp. 531 - 537
• Main Authors: Are Hanssen, Sveinn, Einar Erikstad, Kjell, Johnsen, Vigdis, Jan, Ove Bustnes
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England The Royal Society 07.03.2003
• Subjects: Animal nesting; Animals; Bird nesting; Birds - physiology; Body Weight; Brood Abandonment; Clutch size; Clutch Size Manipulation; Cost Of Incubation; Egg masses; Eggs; Energy Metabolism; Female animals; Hatching; Incubation; Investment return rates; Life History; Litter Size; Marine; Nesting Behavior; Ovum - physiology; Parental Investment; Quality; Reproduction; Reproductive success; Somateria mollissima; Time Factors

Individuals of different quality may have different investment strategies, shaping responses to experimental manipulations, thereby rendering the detection of such patterns difficult. However, previous clutch-size manipulation studies have infrequently incorporated individual differences in quality....