Diabetes in Relation to Serum Levels of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Chlorinated Pesticides in Adult Native Americans
Background: Recent research suggests that diabetes, a condition whose incidence is increasing, is associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides. Objectives: We investigated the potential association between diabetes and serum levels of PCBs, dichlorodiphenyl...
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| Published in | Environmental health perspectives Vol. 115; no. 10; pp. 1442 - 1447 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. National Institutes of Health. Department of Health, Education and Welfare
01.10.2007
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Background: Recent research suggests that diabetes, a condition whose incidence is increasing, is associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides. Objectives: We investigated the potential association between diabetes and serum levels of PCBs, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and mirex in a cross-sectional study of an adult Native-American (Mohawk) population. Methods: Through a standardized questionnaire we collected demographic, medical, and lifestyle information from 352 adults, ≥ 30 years of age. We collected fasting serum samples that were analyzed for 101 PCB congeners, DDE, HCB, and mirex along with fasting glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Participants who had fasting-glucose values > 125 mg/dL and/or who were taking antidiabetic medication were defined as persons with diabetes. We conducted logistic regression to assess the potential association between organochlorine serum levels and diabetes, while controlling for the potential confounding variables of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, sex, and serum lipid levels. Organochlorine serum levels were categorized in tertiles, and the lowest tertile was used as the reference category. Results: The prevalence of diabetes was 20.2%. The odds ratio (OR) of having diabetes for participants in the highest tertile of total PCB concentration compared with the lowest tertile was 3.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.5-10.6). The corresponding ORs for DDE and HCB were even higher. Elevated serum mirex was not associated with diabetes. After adjustment for other analytes, the OR for HCB remained significant, whereas ORs for PCBs and DDE remained elevated but not statistically significant. In contrast, after adjustment for other analytes, the OR for mirex became statistically significant and indicated an inverse association. Conclusions: In this study of adult Native Americans, elevated serum PCBs, DDE, and HCB were positively associated with diabetes after controlling for potential confounders, whereas a negative association was observed for mirex. |
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| AbstractList | Background: Recent research suggests that diabetes, a condition whose incidence is increasing, is associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides. Objectives: We investigated the potential association between diabetes and serum levels of PCBs, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and mirex in a cross-sectional study of an adult Native-American (Mohawk) population. Methods: Through a standardised questionnaire we collected demographic, medical, and lifestyle information from 352 adults, greater than or equal to 30 years of age. We collected fasting serum samples that were analyzed for 101 PCB congeners, DDE, HCB, and mirex along with fasting glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Participants who had fasting-glucose values > 125 mg/dL and/or who were taking antidiabetic medication were defined as persons with diabetes. We conducted logistic regression to assess the potential association between organochlorine serum levels and diabetes, while controlling for the potential confounding variables of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, sex, and serum lipid levels. Organochlorine serum levels were categorized in tertiles, and the lowest tertile was used as the reference category. Results: The prevalence of diabetes was 20.2%. The odds ratio (OR) of having diabetes for participants in the highest tertile of total PCB concentration compared with the lowest tertile was 3.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.5-10.6). The corresponding ORs for DDE and HCB were even higher. Elevated serum mirex was not associated with diabetes. After adjustment for other analytes, the OR for HCB remained significant, whereas ORs for PCBs and DDE remained elevated but not statistically significant. In contrast, after adjustment for other analytes, the OR for mirex became statistically significant and indicated an inverse association. Conclusions: In this study of adult Native Americans, elevated serum PCBs, DDE, and HCB were positively associated with diabetes after controlling for potential confounders, whereas a negative association was observed for mirex. Recent research suggests that diabetes, a condition whose incidence is increasing, is associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides. We investigated the potential association between diabetes and serum levels of PCBs, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and mirex in a cross-sectional study of an adult Native-American (Mohawk) population. Through a standardized questionnaire we collected demographic, medical, and lifestyle information from 352 adults, > or =30 years of age. We collected fasting serum samples that were analyzed for 101 PCB congeners, DDE, HCB, and mirex along with fasting glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Participants who had fasting-glucose values > 125 mg/dL and/or who were taking antidiabetic medication were defined as persons with diabetes. We conducted logistic regression to assess the potential association between organochlorine serum levels and diabetes, while controlling for the potential confounding variables of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, sex, and serum lipid levels. Organochlorine serum levels were categorized in tertiles, and the lowest tertile was used as the reference category. The prevalence of diabetes was 20.2%. The odds ratio (OR) of having diabetes for participants in the highest tertile of total PCB concentration compared with the lowest tertile was 3.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.5-10.6). The corresponding ORs for DDE and HCB were even higher. Elevated serum mirex was not associated with diabetes. After adjustment for other analytes, the OR for HCB remained significant, whereas ORs for PCBs and DDE remained elevated but not statistically significant. In contrast, after adjustment for other analytes, the OR for mirex became statistically significant and indicated an inverse association. In this study of adult Native Americans, elevated serum PCBs, DDE, and HCB were positively associated with diabetes after controlling for potential confounders, whereas a negative association was observed for mirex. Recent research suggests that diabetes, a condition whose incidence is increasing, is associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides. We investigated the potential association between diabetes and serum levels of PCBs, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and mirex in a cross-sectional study of an adult Native-American (Mohawk) population. Through a standardized questionnaire we collected demographic, medical, and lifestyle information from 352 adults, > or =30 years of age. We collected fasting serum samples that were analyzed for 101 PCB congeners, DDE, HCB, and mirex along with fasting glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Participants who had fasting-glucose values > 125 mg/dL and/or who were taking antidiabetic medication were defined as persons with diabetes. We conducted logistic regression to assess the potential association between organochlorine serum levels and diabetes, while controlling for the potential confounding variables of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, sex, and serum lipid levels. Organochlorine serum levels were categorized in tertiles, and the lowest tertile was used as the reference category. The prevalence of diabetes was 20.2%. The odds ratio (OR) of having diabetes for participants in the highest tertile of total PCB concentration compared with the lowest tertile was 3.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.5-10.6). The corresponding ORs for DDE and HCB were even higher. Elevated serum mirex was not associated with diabetes. After adjustment for other analytes, the OR for HCB remained significant, whereas ORs for PCBs and DDE remained elevated but not statistically significant. In contrast, after adjustment for other analytes, the OR for mirex became statistically significant and indicated an inverse association. In this study of adult Native Americans, elevated serum PCBs, DDE, and HCB were positively associated with diabetes after controlling for potential confounders, whereas a negative association was observed for mirex. Background: Recent research suggests that diabetes, a condition whose incidence is increasing, is associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides. Objectives: We investigated the potential association between diabetes and serum levels of PCBs, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and mirex in a cross-sectional study of an adult Native-American (Mohawk) population. Methods: Through a standardized questionnaire we collected demographic, medical, and lifestyle information from 352 adults, ≥ 30 years of age. We collected fasting serum samples that were analyzed for 101 PCB congeners, DDE, HCB, and mirex along with fasting glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Participants who had fasting-glucose values > 125 mg/dL and/or who were taking antidiabetic medication were defined as persons with diabetes. We conducted logistic regression to assess the potential association between organochlorine serum levels and diabetes, while controlling for the potential confounding variables of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, sex, and serum lipid levels. Organochlorine serum levels were categorized in tertiles, and the lowest tertile was used as the reference category. Results: The prevalence of diabetes was 20.2%. The odds ratio (OR) of having diabetes for participants in the highest tertile of total PCB concentration compared with the lowest tertile was 3.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.5-10.6). The corresponding ORs for DDE and HCB were even higher. Elevated serum mirex was not associated with diabetes. After adjustment for other analytes, the OR for HCB remained significant, whereas ORs for PCBs and DDE remained elevated but not statistically significant. In contrast, after adjustment for other analytes, the OR for mirex became statistically significant and indicated an inverse association. Conclusions: In this study of adult Native Americans, elevated serum PCBs, DDE, and HCB were positively associated with diabetes after controlling for potential confounders, whereas a negative association was observed for mirex. Relationship of diabetes to serum levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides in adult Native Americans is investigated. A significantly higher concentration of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is found in women with diabetes than in women without the disease. Higher proportions of impaired fasting glucose are reported among subjects from high pollution areas with high serum concentrations of PCB, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and HCB. Nonsignificant negative correlation is observed between the mirex concentration in adipose tissue of live sea turtles and plasma glucose. A negative association is found between whole blood mirex concentration and plasma glucose. Serum concentrations of total PCBs, two single PCB congeners, DDE, and HCB are positively associated with an elevated incidence of diabetes in an adult Native-American population. Recent research suggests that diabetes, a condition whose incidence is increasing, is associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides.BACKGROUNDRecent research suggests that diabetes, a condition whose incidence is increasing, is associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides.We investigated the potential association between diabetes and serum levels of PCBs, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and mirex in a cross-sectional study of an adult Native-American (Mohawk) population.OBJECTIVESWe investigated the potential association between diabetes and serum levels of PCBs, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and mirex in a cross-sectional study of an adult Native-American (Mohawk) population.Through a standardized questionnaire we collected demographic, medical, and lifestyle information from 352 adults, > or =30 years of age. We collected fasting serum samples that were analyzed for 101 PCB congeners, DDE, HCB, and mirex along with fasting glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Participants who had fasting-glucose values > 125 mg/dL and/or who were taking antidiabetic medication were defined as persons with diabetes. We conducted logistic regression to assess the potential association between organochlorine serum levels and diabetes, while controlling for the potential confounding variables of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, sex, and serum lipid levels. Organochlorine serum levels were categorized in tertiles, and the lowest tertile was used as the reference category.METHODSThrough a standardized questionnaire we collected demographic, medical, and lifestyle information from 352 adults, > or =30 years of age. We collected fasting serum samples that were analyzed for 101 PCB congeners, DDE, HCB, and mirex along with fasting glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Participants who had fasting-glucose values > 125 mg/dL and/or who were taking antidiabetic medication were defined as persons with diabetes. We conducted logistic regression to assess the potential association between organochlorine serum levels and diabetes, while controlling for the potential confounding variables of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, sex, and serum lipid levels. Organochlorine serum levels were categorized in tertiles, and the lowest tertile was used as the reference category.The prevalence of diabetes was 20.2%. The odds ratio (OR) of having diabetes for participants in the highest tertile of total PCB concentration compared with the lowest tertile was 3.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.5-10.6). The corresponding ORs for DDE and HCB were even higher. Elevated serum mirex was not associated with diabetes. After adjustment for other analytes, the OR for HCB remained significant, whereas ORs for PCBs and DDE remained elevated but not statistically significant. In contrast, after adjustment for other analytes, the OR for mirex became statistically significant and indicated an inverse association.RESULTSThe prevalence of diabetes was 20.2%. The odds ratio (OR) of having diabetes for participants in the highest tertile of total PCB concentration compared with the lowest tertile was 3.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.5-10.6). The corresponding ORs for DDE and HCB were even higher. Elevated serum mirex was not associated with diabetes. After adjustment for other analytes, the OR for HCB remained significant, whereas ORs for PCBs and DDE remained elevated but not statistically significant. In contrast, after adjustment for other analytes, the OR for mirex became statistically significant and indicated an inverse association.In this study of adult Native Americans, elevated serum PCBs, DDE, and HCB were positively associated with diabetes after controlling for potential confounders, whereas a negative association was observed for mirex.CONCLUSIONSIn this study of adult Native Americans, elevated serum PCBs, DDE, and HCB were positively associated with diabetes after controlling for potential confounders, whereas a negative association was observed for mirex. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Carpenter, David O. Schymura, Maria J. Neculai Codru Serban Negoita Robert Rej The Akwesasne Task Force on the Environment |
| AuthorAffiliation | 3 Mohawk Nation at Akwesasne, Hogansburg, New York, USA 1 Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York, USA 6 Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York, USA 2 New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA 5 Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA 4 Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 6 Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York, USA – name: 1 Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York, USA – name: 2 New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA – name: 3 Mohawk Nation at Akwesasne, Hogansburg, New York, USA – name: 4 Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA – name: 5 Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Neculai Codru – sequence: 2 givenname: Maria J. surname: Schymura fullname: Schymura, Maria J. – sequence: 3 fullname: Serban Negoita – sequence: 4 fullname: The Akwesasne Task Force on the Environment – sequence: 5 fullname: Robert Rej – sequence: 6 givenname: David O. surname: Carpenter fullname: Carpenter, David O. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17938733$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2007 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Copyright National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Oct 2007 2007 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: COPYRIGHT 2007 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences – notice: Copyright National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Oct 2007 – notice: 2007 |
| CorporateAuthor | The Akwesasne Task Force on the Environment Akwesasne Task Force on Environment |
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| Keywords | mirex hexachlorobenzene fasting glucose polychlorinated biphenyls DDE BMI |
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| License | Publication of EHP lies in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from EHP may be reprinted freely. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for example, ?Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives?); pertinent reference information should be provided for the article from which the material was reproduced. Articles from EHP, especially the News section, may contain photographs or illustrations copyrighted by other commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright. |
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| References_xml | – start-page: 185 volume-title: PCB: Recent Advances in Environmental Toxicology and Health Effects year: 2001 ident: e_1_3_2_7_1 – ident: e_1_3_2_25_1 doi: 10.1097/00001648-199705000-00005 – ident: e_1_3_2_3_1 doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.2007.S21 – ident: e_1_3_2_18_1 doi: 10.3200/AEOH.58.1.30-36 – start-page: 163 volume-title: Methods of Enzymatic Analysis year: 1984 ident: e_1_3_2_34_1 – volume: 25 start-page: S5 year: 2003 ident: e_1_3_2_2_1 article-title: Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus publication-title: Diabetes Care – ident: e_1_3_2_54_1 doi: 10.1289/ehp.98106645 – ident: e_1_3_2_35_1 doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.05.132 – volume: 52 start-page: 833 year: 2003 ident: e_1_3_2_14_1 article-title: Prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in adults—United States, 1999–2000 publication-title: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep – volume: 66 start-page: 3547 year: 2004 ident: e_1_3_2_48_1 article-title: Increased frequency of diabetes and other forms of dysglycemia in the population of specific areas of eastern Slovakia chronically exposed to contamination with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) publication-title: Organohalogen Compounds – ident: e_1_3_2_23_1 doi: 10.1016/S0013-9351(03)00133-6 – volume: 32 start-page: 63 year: 1986 ident: e_1_3_2_31_1 article-title: Direct enzymic measurement of glycerides in serum in lipoprotein fractions publication-title: Clin Chem doi: 10.1093/clinchem/32.1.63 – ident: e_1_3_2_9_1 doi: 10.1289/ehp.98106625 – ident: e_1_3_2_15_1 – ident: e_1_3_2_38_1 doi: 10.2337/dc07-0072 – ident: e_1_3_2_58_1 doi: 10.1093/ije/30.3.540 – ident: e_1_3_2_21_1 doi: 10.1080/1354750032000158420 – volume: 52 start-page: 702 year: 2003 ident: e_1_3_2_13_1 article-title: Diabetes prevalence among American Indians and Alaska Natives and the overall population—United States, 1994–2002 publication-title: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep – ident: e_1_3_2_11_1 doi: 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| Snippet | Background: Recent research suggests that diabetes, a condition whose incidence is increasing, is associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)... Recent research suggests that diabetes, a condition whose incidence is increasing, is associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and... Relationship of diabetes to serum levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides in adult Native Americans is investigated. A... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Bioaccumulation Body Mass Index Cigarette smoking Congeners Cross-Sectional Studies DDE Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Diabetes Mellitus - blood Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene - blood Dioxins Distribution Environmental Monitoring Epidemiological Monitoring Female Health aspects Hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorobenzene - blood Humans Indians, North American Indigenous peoples Lipids Male Middle Aged Minority & ethnic groups Mirex Mirex - blood Mohawks (Native American people) New York - epidemiology Nitrous oxide Odds Ratio Organic compounds PCB Pesticides Polychlorinated biphenyls Polychlorinated Biphenyls - blood Risk factors Statistics as Topic Type 2 diabetes mellitus |
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| Title | Diabetes in Relation to Serum Levels of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Chlorinated Pesticides in Adult Native Americans |
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