Analysis of the ex vivo and in vivo antiretroviral activity of gemcitabine

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 6; no. 1; p. e15840
• Main Authors: Clouser, Christine L, Holtz, Colleen M, Mullett, Mary, Crankshaw, Duane L, Briggs, Jacquie E, Chauhan, Jay, VanHoutan, Ilze Matise, Patterson, Steven E, Mansky, Louis M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 14.01.2011; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; AIDS; Analysis; Animals; Anti-Retroviral Agents - pharmacology; Antiretroviral agents; Antiretroviral drugs; Biocompatibility; Biology; Body mass; Cell culture; Cells, Cultured; Cytotoxicity; Deoxycytidine - analogs & derivatives; Deoxycytidine - pharmacology; Deoxycytidine - therapeutic use; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Development and progression; Disease Progression; DNA; DNA biosynthesis; DNA synthesis; Drug resistance; Gemcitabine; Genomes; Hepatotoxicity; Highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV; House mouse; Human immunodeficiency virus; Hydroxyurea; Immunoglobulin M; Immunoglobulin M - blood; Infectivity; Leukemia; Leukemia Virus, Murine - drug effects; Medicine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Murine Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy; Murine leukemia virus; Myelosuppression; Nutrition; Reductase; Ribonucleotide Reductases - antagonists & inhibitors; Spleen; Spleen - pathology; Substrate inhibition; Substrates; Toxicity; Viral Load - drug effects; Viruses; United States > US; Minnesota

Replication of retroviral and host genomes requires ribonucleotide reductase to convert rNTPs to dNTPs, which are then used as substrates for DNA synthesis. Inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase by hydroxyurea (HU) has been previously used to treat cancers as well as HIV. However, the use of HU as...