Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life
Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life Magnus Kaijser 1 2 , Anna-Karin Edstedt Bonamy 3 , Olof Akre 1 , Sven Cnattingius 4 , Fredrik Granath 1 , Mikael Norman 5 and Anders Ekbom 1 1 Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 2 Department o...
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| Published in | Diabetes (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 58; no. 3; pp. 523 - 526 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Alexandria, VA
American Diabetes Association
01.03.2009
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0012-1797 1939-327X 1939-327X |
| DOI | 10.2337/db08-0558 |
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| Abstract | Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life
Magnus Kaijser 1 2 ,
Anna-Karin Edstedt Bonamy 3 ,
Olof Akre 1 ,
Sven Cnattingius 4 ,
Fredrik Granath 1 ,
Mikael Norman 5 and
Anders Ekbom 1
1 Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
3 Department of Woman and Child Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
4 Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
5 Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Corresponding author: Magnus Kaijser, magnus.kaijser{at}ki.se
Abstract
OBJECTIVE— Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions
from poor fetal growth and preterm birth are not known. We therefore investigated the significance of these two factors separately.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— We identified a cohort of subjects born preterm or with low birth weight at term at four major delivery units in Sweden from
1925 through 1949. A comparison cohort of subjects was identified from the same source population. Of 6,425 subjects in all,
2,931 were born at <37 weeks of gestation and 2,176 had a birth weight <2,500 g. Disease occurrence among participants was
assessed through nationwide hospital registers from 1987 through 2006.
RESULTS— During follow-up, there were 508 cases of diabetes. Low birth weight was strongly negatively associated with risk of diabetes
( P for trend <0.0001). Both short gestational duration and poor fetal growth were associated with later diabetes ( P for trend <0.0001 and <0.0004, respectively). Very preterm birth (≤32 weeks of gestation at birth) was associated with a
hazard ratio (HR) of 1.67 (95% CI 1.33–2.11) compared with term birth. Birth weights below 2 SDs of mean birth weight for
gestational age were associated with an HR of 1.76 (1.30–2.38) compared with birth weights between the mean weight and the
weight at 1 SD above the mean.
CONCLUSIONS— Our results suggest that the association between low birth weight and diabetes is due to factors associated with both poor
fetal growth and short gestational age.
Footnotes
Published ahead of print at http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org on 9 December 2008.
Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work
is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore
be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Accepted November 21, 2008.
Received April 24, 2008.
DIABETES |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal growth and preterm birth are not known. We therefore investigated the significance of these two factors separately.OBJECTIVELow birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal growth and preterm birth are not known. We therefore investigated the significance of these two factors separately.We identified a cohort of subjects born preterm or with low birth weight at term at four major delivery units in Sweden from 1925 through 1949. A comparison cohort of subjects was identified from the same source population. Of 6,425 subjects in all, 2,931 were born at <37 weeks of gestation and 2,176 had a birth weight <2,500 g. Disease occurrence among participants was assessed through nationwide hospital registers from 1987 through 2006.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe identified a cohort of subjects born preterm or with low birth weight at term at four major delivery units in Sweden from 1925 through 1949. A comparison cohort of subjects was identified from the same source population. Of 6,425 subjects in all, 2,931 were born at <37 weeks of gestation and 2,176 had a birth weight <2,500 g. Disease occurrence among participants was assessed through nationwide hospital registers from 1987 through 2006.During follow-up, there were 508 cases of diabetes. Low birth weight was strongly negatively associated with risk of diabetes (P for trend <0.0001). Both short gestational duration and poor fetal growth were associated with later diabetes (P for trend <0.0001 and <0.0004, respectively). Very preterm birth (< or =32 weeks of gestation at birth) was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.67 (95% CI 1.33-2.11) compared with term birth. Birth weights below 2 SDs of mean birth weight for gestational age were associated with an HR of 1.76 (1.30-2.38) compared with birth weights between the mean weight and the weight at 1 SD above the mean.RESULTSDuring follow-up, there were 508 cases of diabetes. Low birth weight was strongly negatively associated with risk of diabetes (P for trend <0.0001). Both short gestational duration and poor fetal growth were associated with later diabetes (P for trend <0.0001 and <0.0004, respectively). Very preterm birth (< or =32 weeks of gestation at birth) was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.67 (95% CI 1.33-2.11) compared with term birth. Birth weights below 2 SDs of mean birth weight for gestational age were associated with an HR of 1.76 (1.30-2.38) compared with birth weights between the mean weight and the weight at 1 SD above the mean.Our results suggest that the association between low birth weight and diabetes is due to factors associated with both poor fetal growth and short gestational age.CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest that the association between low birth weight and diabetes is due to factors associated with both poor fetal growth and short gestational age. OBJECTIVE— Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal growth and preterm birth are not known. We therefore investigated the significance of these two factors separately. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— We identified a cohort of subjects born preterm or with low birth weight at term at four major delivery units in Sweden from 1925 through 1949. A comparison cohort of subjects was identified from the same source population. Of 6,425 subjects in all, 2,931 were born at <37 weeks of gestation and 2,176 had a birth weight <2,500 g. Disease occurrence among participants was assessed through nationwide hospital registers from 1987 through 2006. RESULTS— During follow-up, there were 508 cases of diabetes. Low birth weight was strongly negatively associated with risk of diabetes ( P for trend <0.0001). Both short gestational duration and poor fetal growth were associated with later diabetes ( P for trend <0.0001 and <0.0004, respectively). Very preterm birth (≤32 weeks of gestation at birth) was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.67 (95% CI 1.33–2.11) compared with term birth. Birth weights below 2 SDs of mean birth weight for gestational age were associated with an HR of 1.76 (1.30–2.38) compared with birth weights between the mean weight and the weight at 1 SD above the mean. CONCLUSIONS— Our results suggest that the association between low birth weight and diabetes is due to factors associated with both poor fetal growth and short gestational age. Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life Magnus Kaijser 1 2 , Anna-Karin Edstedt Bonamy 3 , Olof Akre 1 , Sven Cnattingius 4 , Fredrik Granath 1 , Mikael Norman 5 and Anders Ekbom 1 1 Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden 3 Department of Woman and Child Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 4 Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 5 Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Corresponding author: Magnus Kaijser, magnus.kaijser{at}ki.se Abstract OBJECTIVE— Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal growth and preterm birth are not known. We therefore investigated the significance of these two factors separately. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— We identified a cohort of subjects born preterm or with low birth weight at term at four major delivery units in Sweden from 1925 through 1949. A comparison cohort of subjects was identified from the same source population. Of 6,425 subjects in all, 2,931 were born at <37 weeks of gestation and 2,176 had a birth weight <2,500 g. Disease occurrence among participants was assessed through nationwide hospital registers from 1987 through 2006. RESULTS— During follow-up, there were 508 cases of diabetes. Low birth weight was strongly negatively associated with risk of diabetes ( P for trend <0.0001). Both short gestational duration and poor fetal growth were associated with later diabetes ( P for trend <0.0001 and <0.0004, respectively). Very preterm birth (≤32 weeks of gestation at birth) was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.67 (95% CI 1.33–2.11) compared with term birth. Birth weights below 2 SDs of mean birth weight for gestational age were associated with an HR of 1.76 (1.30–2.38) compared with birth weights between the mean weight and the weight at 1 SD above the mean. CONCLUSIONS— Our results suggest that the association between low birth weight and diabetes is due to factors associated with both poor fetal growth and short gestational age. Footnotes Published ahead of print at http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org on 9 December 2008. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. Accepted November 21, 2008. Received April 24, 2008. DIABETES Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal growth and preterm birth are not known. We therefore investigated the significance of these two factors separately. We identified a cohort of subjects born preterm or with low birth weight at term at four major delivery units in Sweden from 1925 through 1949. A comparison cohort of subjects was identified from the same source population. Of 6,425 subjects in all, 2,931 were born at <37 weeks of gestation and 2,176 had a birth weight <2,500 g. Disease occurrence among participants was assessed through nationwide hospital registers from 1987 through 2006. During follow-up, there were 508 cases of diabetes. Low birth weight was strongly negatively associated with risk of diabetes (P for trend <0.0001). Both short gestational duration and poor fetal growth were associated with later diabetes (P for trend <0.0001 and <0.0004, respectively). Very preterm birth (< or =32 weeks of gestation at birth) was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.67 (95% CI 1.33-2.11) compared with term birth. Birth weights below 2 SDs of mean birth weight for gestational age were associated with an HR of 1.76 (1.30-2.38) compared with birth weights between the mean weight and the weight at 1 SD above the mean. Our results suggest that the association between low birth weight and diabetes is due to factors associated with both poor fetal growth and short gestational age. OBJECTIVE—Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal growth and preterm birth are not known. We therefore investigated the significance of these two factors separately. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We identified a cohort of subjects born preterm or with low birth weight at term at four major delivery units in Sweden from 1925 through 1949. A comparison cohort of subjects was identified from the same source population. Of 6,425 subjects in all, 2,931 were born at <37 weeks of gestation and 2,176 had a birth weight <2,500 g. Disease occurrence among participants was assessed through nationwide hospital registers from 1987 through 2006. RESULTS—During follow-up, there were 508 cases of diabetes. Low birth weight was strongly negatively associated with risk of diabetes (P for trend <0.0001). Both short gestational duration and poor fetal growth were associated with later diabetes (P for trend <0.0001 and <0.0004, respectively). Very preterm birth (≤32 weeks of gestation at birth) was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.67 (95% CI 1.33–2.11) compared with term birth. Birth weights below 2 SDs of mean birth weight for gestational age were associated with an HR of 1.76 (1.30–2.38) compared with birth weights between the mean weight and the weight at 1 SD above the mean. CONCLUSIONS—Our results suggest that the association between low birth weight and diabetes is due to factors associated with both poor fetal growth and short gestational age. Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal growth and preterm birth are not known. We therefore investigated the significance of these two factors separately. We identified a cohort of subjects born preterm or with low birth weight at term at four major delivery units in Sweden from 1925 through 1949. A comparison cohort of subjects was identified from the same source population. Of 6,425 subjects in all, 2,931 were born at <37 weeks of gestation and 2,176 had a birth weight <2,500 g. Disease occurrence among participants was assessed through nationwide hospital registers from 1987 through 2006. During follow-up, there were 508 cases of diabetes. Low birth weight was strongly negatively associated with risk of diabetes (P for trend <0.0001). Both short gestational duration and poor fetal growth were associated with later diabetes (P for trend <0.0001 and <0.0004, respectively). Very preterm birth (< or =32 weeks of gestation at birth) was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.67 (95% CI 1.33-2.11) compared with term birth. Birth weights below 2 SDs of mean birth weight for gestational age were associated with an HR of 1.76 (1.30-2.38) compared with birth weights between the mean weight and the weight at 1 SD above the mean. Our results suggest that the association between low birth weight and diabetes is due to factors associated with both poor fetal growth and short gestational age. |
| Audience | Professional |
| Author | Magnus Kaijser Mikael Norman Anders Ekbom Olof Akre Sven Cnattingius Fredrik Granath Anna-Karin Edstedt Bonamy |
| AuthorAffiliation | 4 Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 3 Department of Woman and Child Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden 5 Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 1 Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 5 Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden – name: 2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden – name: 1 Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden – name: 4 Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden – name: 3 Department of Woman and Child Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Magnus surname: Kaijser fullname: Kaijser, Magnus organization: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden – sequence: 2 givenname: Anna-Karin surname: Edstedt Bonamy fullname: Edstedt Bonamy, Anna-Karin organization: Department of Woman and Child Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden – sequence: 3 givenname: Olof surname: Akre fullname: Akre, Olof organization: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden – sequence: 4 givenname: Sven surname: Cnattingius fullname: Cnattingius, Sven organization: Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden – sequence: 5 givenname: Fredrik surname: Granath fullname: Granath, Fredrik organization: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden – sequence: 6 givenname: Mikael surname: Norman fullname: Norman, Mikael organization: Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden – sequence: 7 givenname: Anders surname: Ekbom fullname: Ekbom, Anders organization: Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21204951$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19066311$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:118391328$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2009 INIST-CNRS COPYRIGHT 2009 American Diabetes Association Copyright American Diabetes Association Mar 2009 Copyright © 2009, American Diabetes Association |
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| Keywords | Endocrinopathy Perinatal Diabetes mellitus Risk factor |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Published ahead of print at http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org on 9 December 2008. Corresponding author: Magnus Kaijser, magnus.kaijser@ki.se The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. |
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| Snippet | Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life
Magnus Kaijser 1 2 ,
Anna-Karin Edstedt Bonamy 3 ,
Olof Akre 1 ,
Sven Cnattingius 4 ,
Fredrik Granath 1 ,... OBJECTIVE—Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal... Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal growth and... OBJECTIVE— Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Biological and medical sciences Birth Weight Birth weight, Low Cardiovascular disease Cohort Studies Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases) Endocrinopathies Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance Female Fetal Development - physiology Gestational Age Health aspects Heart Rate Higher education Humans Hypotheses Infant, Low Birth Weight - growth & development Infant, Newborn Infant, Premature - growth & development Infant, Very Low Birth Weight - growth & development Low birth weight Male Medical sciences Middle Aged New Methodologies and Databases Premature birth Registries Research design Risk Factors Socioeconomic Factors Sweden - epidemiology Type 2 diabetes |
| Title | Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life |
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