Distinguishing vaccine efficacy and effectiveness

• Published in: Vaccine Vol. 30; no. 47; pp. 6700 - 6705
• Main Authors: Shim, Eunha, Galvani, Alison P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 19.10.2012; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Allergy and Immunology; clinical trials; disease control; disease models; disease transmission; Effectiveness; Efficacy; Humans; Infections; Infectious disease; Infectious diseases; influenza; Influenza Vaccines; Influenza, Human - prevention & control; Mass Vaccination; Mathematical model; Mathematical models; Measles - prevention & control; Measles Vaccine; Models, Theoretical; Ordinary differential equations; Parameterization; Population; Population Dynamics; prediction; protective effect; Smallpox; vaccination; Vaccine; Vaccines; Infectious disease; Efficacy; Vaccine; Effectiveness; Mathematical model; Parameterization

► There are two mechanisms of vaccine action, ‘all-or-nothing’ and ‘leaky’ vaccines. ► Typical estimation of ‘leaky’ vaccine efficacy has been incorrect in mathematical models. ► We demonstrate how the common measures of vaccine can be correctly estimated. Mathematical models of disease transmission...