Plastisol foaming process. Decomposition of the foaming agent, polymer behavior in the corresponding temperature range and resulting foam properties
The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC—plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all belonging to the ester family, two being polymeric (polyadipates), were compared. The temperature of maximum decomposition rate (in anisothermal r...
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| Published in | Polymer engineering and science Vol. 53; no. 8; pp. 1712 - 1718 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Hoboken
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
01.08.2013
Wiley Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc Blackwell Publishing Ltd Wiley-Blackwell |
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| Abstract | The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC—plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all belonging to the ester family, two being polymeric (polyadipates), were compared. The temperature of maximum decomposition rate (in anisothermal regime at 5 K min−1 scanning rate), ranges between 434 and 452 K. The heat of decomposition ranges between 8.7 and 12.5 J g−1. Some trends of variation of these parameters appear significant and are discussed in terms of solvent (matrix) and viscosity effects on the decomposition reactions. The shear modulus at 1 Hz frequency was determined at the temperature of maximum rate of foaming agent decomposition, and differs significantly from a sample to another. The foam density was determined at ambient temperature and the volume fraction of bubbles was used as criterion to judge the efficiency of the foaming process. The results reveal the existence of an optimal shear modulus of the order of 2 kPa that corresponds roughly to plasticizer molar masses of the order of 450 ± 50 g mol−1. Heavier plasticizers, especially polymeric ones are too difficult to deform. Lighter plasticizers such as diethyl phthalate (DEP) deform too easily and presumably facilitate bubble collapse. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers |
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| AbstractList | The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC - plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all belonging to the ester family, two being polymeric (polyadipates), were compared. The temperature of maximum decomposition rate (in anisothermal regime at 5 K min-1 scanning rate), ranges between 434 and 452 K. The heat of decomposition ranges between 8.7 and 12.5 J g -1. Some trends of variation of these parameters appear significant and are discussed in terms of solvent (matrix) and viscosity effects on the decomposition reactions. The shear modulus at 1 Hz frequency was determined at the temperature of maximum rate of foaming agent decomposition, and differs significantly from a sample to another. The foam density was determined at ambient temperature and the volume fraction of bubbles was used as criterion to judge the efficiency of the foaming process. The results reveal the existence of an optimal shear modulus of the order of 2 kPa that corresponds roughly to plasticizer molar masses of the order of 450 ± 50 g mol-1. Heavier plasticizers, especially polymeric ones are too difficult to deform. Lighter plasticizers such as diethyl phthalate (DEP) deform too easily and presumably facilitate bubble collapse. Abstract The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC—plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all belonging to the ester family, two being polymeric (polyadipates), were compared. The temperature of maximum decomposition rate (in anisothermal regime at 5 K min −1 scanning rate), ranges between 434 and 452 K. The heat of decomposition ranges between 8.7 and 12.5 J g −1 . Some trends of variation of these parameters appear significant and are discussed in terms of solvent (matrix) and viscosity effects on the decomposition reactions. The shear modulus at 1 Hz frequency was determined at the temperature of maximum rate of foaming agent decomposition, and differs significantly from a sample to another. The foam density was determined at ambient temperature and the volume fraction of bubbles was used as criterion to judge the efficiency of the foaming process. The results reveal the existence of an optimal shear modulus of the order of 2 kPa that corresponds roughly to plasticizer molar masses of the order of 450 ± 50 g mol −1 . Heavier plasticizers, especially polymeric ones are too difficult to deform. Lighter plasticizers such as diethyl phthalate (DEP) deform too easily and presumably facilitate bubble collapse. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC-plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all belonging to the ester family, two being polymeric (polyadipates), were compared. The temperature of maximum decomposition rate (in anisothermal regime at 5 K min sigma up -1scanning rate), ranges between 434 and 452 K. The heat of decomposition ranges between 8.7 and 12.5 J g sigma up -1 greater than or equal to Some trends of variation of these parameters appear significant and are discussed in terms of solvent (matrix) and viscosity effects on the decomposition reactions. The shear modulus at 1 Hz frequency was determined at the temperature of maximum rate of foaming agent decomposition, and differs significantly from a sample to another. The foam density was determined at ambient temperature and the volume fraction of bubbles was used as criterion to judge the efficiency of the foaming process. The results reveal the existence of an optimal shear modulus of the order of 2 kPa that corresponds roughly to plasticizer molar masses of the order of 450 plus or minus 50 g mol sigma up -1 greater than or equal to Heavier plasticizers, especially polymeric ones are too difficult to deform. Lighter plasticizers such as diethyl phthalate (DEP) deform too easily and presumably facilitate bubble collapse. [PUBLICATIONABSTRACT] The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC-plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all belonging to the ester family, two being polymeric (polyadipates), were compared. The temperature of maximum decomposition rate (in anisothermal regime at 5 K min^sup -1^ scanning rate), ranges between 434 and 452 K. The heat of decomposition ranges between 8.7 and 12.5 J g^sup -1^. Some trends of variation of these parameters appear significant and are discussed in terms of solvent (matrix) and viscosity effects on the decomposition reactions. The shear modulus at 1 Hz frequency was determined at the temperature of maximum rate of foaming agent decomposition, and differs significantly from a sample to another. The foam density was determined at ambient temperature and the volume fraction of bubbles was used as criterion to judge the efficiency of the foaming process. The results reveal the existence of an optimal shear modulus of the order of 2 kPa that corresponds roughly to plasticizer molar masses of the order of 450 ± 50 g mol ^sup -1^. Heavier plasticizers, especially polymeric ones are too difficult to deform. Lighter plasticizers such as diethyl phthalate (DEP) deform too easily and presumably facilitate bubble collapse. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC--plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all belonging to the ester family, two being polymeric (polyadipates), were compared. The temperature of maximum decomposition rate (in anisothermal regime at 5 K[min.sup.-1] scanning rate), ranges between 434 and 452 K. The heat of decomposition ranges between 8.7 and 12.5 J [g.sup.-1]. Some trends of variation of these parameters appear significant and are discussed in terms of solvent (matrix) and viscosity effects on the decomposition reactions. The shear modulus at 1 Hz frequency was determined at the temperature of maximum rate of foaming agent decomposition, and differs significantly from a sample to another. The foam density was determined at ambient temperature and the volume fraction of bubbles was used as criterion to judge the efficiency of the foaming process. The results reveal the existence of an optimal shear modulus of the order of 2 kPa that corresponds roughly to plasticizer molar masses of the order of 450 -[+ or -]- 50 g [mo1.sup.-1]. Heavier plasticizers, especially polymeric ones are too difficult to deform. Lighter plasticizers such as diethyl phthalate (DEP) deform too easily and presumably facilitate bubble collapse. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 53:1712-1718, 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC—plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all belonging to the ester family, two being polymeric (polyadipates), were compared. The temperature of maximum decomposition rate (in anisothermal regime at 5 K min−1 scanning rate), ranges between 434 and 452 K. The heat of decomposition ranges between 8.7 and 12.5 J g−1. Some trends of variation of these parameters appear significant and are discussed in terms of solvent (matrix) and viscosity effects on the decomposition reactions. The shear modulus at 1 Hz frequency was determined at the temperature of maximum rate of foaming agent decomposition, and differs significantly from a sample to another. The foam density was determined at ambient temperature and the volume fraction of bubbles was used as criterion to judge the efficiency of the foaming process. The results reveal the existence of an optimal shear modulus of the order of 2 kPa that corresponds roughly to plasticizer molar masses of the order of 450 ± 50 g mol−1. Heavier plasticizers, especially polymeric ones are too difficult to deform. Lighter plasticizers such as diethyl phthalate (DEP) deform too easily and presumably facilitate bubble collapse. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Verdu, J. Zoller, A. Marcilla, A. |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1134/S096554410806008X 10.1016/S0377-0257(03)00108-3 10.1002/ange.19520640302 10.1016/0040-6031(85)85292-8 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.08.004 10.1002/app.1976.070200505 10.1016/j.supflu.2008.10.018 10.1002/app.33924 10.1201/9781420004625 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.04.123 |
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| Keywords | Viscosity Plastisol Shear modulus Thermal decomposition Adipate polymer Ester polymer Temperature effect Blowing agent Mechanical properties Experimental study Cellular plastic Property processing relationship Density PVC plasticizer Azo compound Additive Foaming process Technological properties Plastics Rheological properties Azodicarbonamide Viscosity effects Decomposition rate Decomposition reaction Foam properties Temperature range Heat of decomposition Diethyl phthalate |
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| Snippet | The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC—plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all... Abstract The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC—plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers,... The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC--plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all... The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC-plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all... The decomposition of azodicarbonamide, used as foaming agent in PVC - plasticizer (1/1) plastisols was studied by DSC. Nineteen different plasticizers, all... |
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| SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Blowing agents Bubbles Cellular Chemical properties Chemical Sciences Composition Decomposition Decomposition (Chemistry) Deformation Density Engineering Sciences Exact sciences and technology Foaming Foaming agents Forms of application and semi-finished materials Identification and classification Materials Mechanics Plastic foams Plasticizers Plastisols Polymer industry, paints, wood Polymeric composites Polymers Polyvinyl chloride Production processes Shear modulus Technology of polymers Thermal properties Viscosity |
| Title | Plastisol foaming process. Decomposition of the foaming agent, polymer behavior in the corresponding temperature range and resulting foam properties |
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