Suppression in Bitterness Intensity of Bitter Basic Drug by Chlorogenic Acid

The purpose of the study was to evaluate suppression of the bitterness intensity of bitter basic drugs by chlorogenic acid (CGA) using the artificial taste sensor and human gustatory sensation testing and to investigate the mechanism underlying bitterness suppression using 1H-NMR. Diphenhydramine hy...

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Published inChemical & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol. 65; no. 2; pp. 151 - 156
Main Authors Shiraishi, Sayuko, Haraguchi, Tamami, Nakamura, Saki, Kojima, Honami, Kawasaki, Ikuo, Yoshida, Miyako, Uchida, Takahiro
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Japan The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2017
Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Subjects
Acids
Adult
Bitter taste
Bitterness
bitterness suppression
Caffeic acid
Caffeic Acids - pharmacology
Carboxyl group
Chlorogenic acid
Chlorogenic Acid - chemistry
Chlorogenic Acid - pharmacology
Data processing
Diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine - chemistry
Diphenhydramine - pharmacology
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Drug Interactions
Electrostatic properties
Female
gustatory sensation test
Humans
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Quinic acid
Quinic Acid - pharmacology
Spectroscopic analysis
Taste
Taste - drug effects
Taste Perception - drug effects
taste sensor
Young Adult
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Abstract The purpose of the study was to evaluate suppression of the bitterness intensity of bitter basic drugs by chlorogenic acid (CGA) using the artificial taste sensor and human gustatory sensation testing and to investigate the mechanism underlying bitterness suppression using 1H-NMR. Diphenhydramine hydrocholoride (DPH) was the bitter basic drug used in the study. Quinic acid (QNA) and caffeic acid (CFA) together form CGA. Although all three acids suppressed the bitterness intensity of DPH in a dose-dependent manner as determined by the taste sensor and in gustatory sensation tests, CFA was less effective than either CGA or QNA. Data from 1H-NMR spectroscopic analysis of mixtures of the three acids with DPH suggest that the carboxyl group, which is present in both QNA and CGA but not CFA, interact with the amine group of DPH. This study showed that the bitterness intensity of DPH was suppressed by QNA and CGA through a direct electrostatic interaction with DPH as confirmed in 1H-NMR spectroscopic analysis. CGA and QNA may therefore be useful bitterness-masking agents for the basic drug DPH.
AbstractList The purpose of the study was to evaluate suppression of the bitterness intensity of bitter basic drugs by chlorogenic acid (CGA) using the artificial taste sensor and human gustatory sensation testing and to investigate the mechanism underlying bitterness suppression using 1H-NMR. Diphenhydramine hydrocholoride (DPH) was the bitter basic drug used in the study. Quinic acid (QNA) and caffeic acid (CFA) together form CGA. Although all three acids suppressed the bitterness intensity of DPH in a dose-dependent manner as determined by the taste sensor and in gustatory sensation tests, CFA was less effective than either CGA or QNA. Data from 1H-NMR spectroscopic analysis of mixtures of the three acids with DPH suggest that the carboxyl group, which is present in both QNA and CGA but not CFA, interact with the amine group of DPH. This study showed that the bitterness intensity of DPH was suppressed by QNA and CGA through a direct electrostatic interaction with DPH as confirmed in 1H-NMR spectroscopic analysis. CGA and QNA may therefore be useful bitterness-masking agents for the basic drug DPH.
The purpose of the study was to evaluate suppression of the bitterness intensity of bitter basic drugs by chlorogenic acid (CGA) using the artificial taste sensor and human gustatory sensation testing and to investigate the mechanism underlying bitterness suppression using H-NMR. Diphenhydramine hydrocholoride (DPH) was the bitter basic drug used in the study. Quinic acid (QNA) and caffeic acid (CFA) together form CGA. Although all three acids suppressed the bitterness intensity of DPH in a dose-dependent manner as determined by the taste sensor and in gustatory sensation tests, CFA was less effective than either CGA or QNA. Data from H-NMR spectroscopic analysis of mixtures of the three acids with DPH suggest that the carboxyl group, which is present in both QNA and CGA but not CFA, interact with the amine group of DPH. This study showed that the bitterness intensity of DPH was suppressed by QNA and CGA through a direct electrostatic interaction with DPH as confirmed in H-NMR spectroscopic analysis. CGA and QNA may therefore be useful bitterness-masking agents for the basic drug DPH.
Author Kojima, Honami
Kawasaki, Ikuo
Yoshida, Miyako
Uchida, Takahiro
Haraguchi, Tamami
Shiraishi, Sayuko
Nakamura, Saki
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SubjectTerms Acids
Adult
Bitter taste
Bitterness
bitterness suppression
Caffeic acid
Caffeic Acids - pharmacology
Carboxyl group
Chlorogenic acid
Chlorogenic Acid - chemistry
Chlorogenic Acid - pharmacology
Data processing
Diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine - chemistry
Diphenhydramine - pharmacology
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Drug Interactions
Electrostatic properties
Female
gustatory sensation test
Humans
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Quinic acid
Quinic Acid - pharmacology
Spectroscopic analysis
Taste
Taste - drug effects
Taste Perception - drug effects
taste sensor
Young Adult
Title Suppression in Bitterness Intensity of Bitter Basic Drug by Chlorogenic Acid
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