A system for the continuous directed evolution of biomolecules
Speedy route to new biomolecules Many biomolecules with useful properties have been generated by laboratory molecular evolution experiments, but the processes typically take days and require frequent human intervention. Esvelt et al . now describe a phage-assisted continuous evolution system that en...
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| Published in | Nature (London) Vol. 472; no. 7344; pp. 499 - 503 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
28.04.2011
Nature Publishing Group |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Speedy route to new biomolecules
Many biomolecules with useful properties have been generated by laboratory molecular evolution experiments, but the processes typically take days and require frequent human intervention. Esvelt
et al
. now describe a phage-assisted continuous evolution system that enables the continuous, directed evolution of gene-encoded molecules that can be linked to protein production in
Escherichia coli
. Dozens of rounds of evolution can occur in a single day using this method, as demonstrated by the evolution of novel types of T7 RNA polymerase.
Laboratory evolution has generated many biomolecules with desired properties, but a single round of mutation, gene expression, screening or selection, and replication typically requires days or longer with frequent human intervention
1
. Because evolutionary success is dependent on the total number of rounds performed
2
, a means of performing laboratory evolution continuously and rapidly could dramatically enhance its effectiveness
3
. Although researchers have accelerated individual steps in the evolutionary cycle
4
,
5
,
6
,
7
,
8
,
9
, the only previous example of continuous directed evolution was the landmark study of Wright and Joyce
10
, who continuously evolved RNA ligase ribozymes with an
in vitro
replication cycle that unfortunately cannot be easily adapted to other biomolecules. Here we describe a system that enables the continuous directed evolution of gene-encoded molecules that can be linked to protein production in
Escherichia coli
. During phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE), evolving genes are transferred from host cell to host cell through a modified bacteriophage life cycle in a manner that is dependent on the activity of interest. Dozens of rounds of evolution can occur in a single day of PACE without human intervention. Using PACE, we evolved T7 RNA polymerase (RNAP) variants that recognize a distinct promoter, initiate transcripts with ATP instead of GTP, and initiate transcripts with CTP. In one example, PACE executed 200 rounds of protein evolution over the course of 8 days. Starting from undetectable activity levels in two of these cases, enzymes with each of the three target activities emerged in less than 1 week of PACE. In all three cases, PACE-evolved polymerase activities exceeded or were comparable to that of the wild-type T7 RNAP on its wild-type promoter, representing improvements of up to several hundred-fold. By greatly accelerating laboratory evolution, PACE may provide solutions to otherwise intractable directed evolution problems and address novel questions about molecular evolution. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Laboratory evolution has generated many biomolecules with desired properties, but a single round of mutation, gene expression, screening or selection, and replication typically requires days or longer with frequent human intervention.
1
Since evolutionary success is dependent on the total number of rounds performed,
2
a means of performing laboratory evolution continuously and rapidly could dramatically enhance its effectiveness.
3
While researchers have accelerated individual steps in the evolutionary cycle,
4
–
9
the only previous example of continuous directed evolution was the landmark study of Joyce,
10
who continuously evolved RNA ligase ribozymes with an in vitro replication cycle that unfortunately cannot be easily adapted to other biomolecules. Here we describe a system that enables the continuous directed evolution of gene-encoded molecules that can be linked to protein production in
E. coli
. During phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE), evolving genes are transferred from host cell to host cell through a modified bacteriophage life cycle in a manner that is dependent on the activity of interest. Dozens of rounds of evolution can occur in a single day of PACE without human intervention. Using PACE, we evolved T7 RNA polymerases that recognize a distinct promoter, initiate transcripts with A instead of G, and initiate transcripts with C. In one example, PACE executed 200 rounds of protein evolution over the course of eight days. Starting from undetectable activity levels in two of these cases, enzymes with each of the three target activities emerged in less than one week of PACE. In all three cases, PACE-evolved polymerase activities exceeded or were comparable to that of the wild-type T7 RNAP on its wild-type promoter, representing improvements of up to several hundred-fold. By greatly accelerating laboratory evolution, PACE may provide solutions to otherwise intractable directed evolution problems and address novel questions about molecular evolution. Laboratory evolution has generated many biomolecules with desired properties, but a single round of mutation, gene expression, screening or selection, and replication typically requires days or longer with frequent human intervention. Because evolutionary success is dependent on the total number of rounds performed, a means of performing laboratory evolution continuously and rapidly could dramatically enhance its effectiveness. Although researchers have accelerated individual steps in the evolutionary cycle, the only previous example of continuous directed evolution was the landmark study of Wright and Joyce, who continuously evolved RNA ligase ribozymes with an in vitro replication cycle that unfortunately cannot be easily adapted to other biomolecules. Here we describe a system that enables the continuous directed evolution of gene-encoded molecules that can be linked to protein production in Escherichia coli. During phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE), evolving genes are transferred from host cell to host cell through a modified bacteriophage life cycle in a manner that is dependent on the activity of interest. Dozens of rounds of evolution can occur in a single day of PACE without human intervention. Using PACE, we evolved T7 RNA polymerase (RNAP) variants that recognize a distinct promoter, initiate transcripts with ATP instead of GTP, and initiate transcripts with CTP. In one example, PACE executed 200 rounds of protein evolution over the course of 8 days. Starting from undetectable activity levels in two of these cases, enzymes with each of the three target activities emerged in less than 1 week of PACE. In all three cases, PACE-evolved polymerase activities exceeded or were comparable to that of the wild-type T7 RNAP on its wild-type promoter, representing improvements of up to several hundred-fold. By greatly accelerating laboratory evolution, PACE may provide solutions to otherwise intractable directed evolution problems and address novel questions about molecular evolution.Laboratory evolution has generated many biomolecules with desired properties, but a single round of mutation, gene expression, screening or selection, and replication typically requires days or longer with frequent human intervention. Because evolutionary success is dependent on the total number of rounds performed, a means of performing laboratory evolution continuously and rapidly could dramatically enhance its effectiveness. Although researchers have accelerated individual steps in the evolutionary cycle, the only previous example of continuous directed evolution was the landmark study of Wright and Joyce, who continuously evolved RNA ligase ribozymes with an in vitro replication cycle that unfortunately cannot be easily adapted to other biomolecules. Here we describe a system that enables the continuous directed evolution of gene-encoded molecules that can be linked to protein production in Escherichia coli. During phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE), evolving genes are transferred from host cell to host cell through a modified bacteriophage life cycle in a manner that is dependent on the activity of interest. Dozens of rounds of evolution can occur in a single day of PACE without human intervention. Using PACE, we evolved T7 RNA polymerase (RNAP) variants that recognize a distinct promoter, initiate transcripts with ATP instead of GTP, and initiate transcripts with CTP. In one example, PACE executed 200 rounds of protein evolution over the course of 8 days. Starting from undetectable activity levels in two of these cases, enzymes with each of the three target activities emerged in less than 1 week of PACE. In all three cases, PACE-evolved polymerase activities exceeded or were comparable to that of the wild-type T7 RNAP on its wild-type promoter, representing improvements of up to several hundred-fold. By greatly accelerating laboratory evolution, PACE may provide solutions to otherwise intractable directed evolution problems and address novel questions about molecular evolution. Speedy route to new biomolecules Many biomolecules with useful properties have been generated by laboratory molecular evolution experiments, but the processes typically take days and require frequent human intervention. Esvelt et al . now describe a phage-assisted continuous evolution system that enables the continuous, directed evolution of gene-encoded molecules that can be linked to protein production in Escherichia coli . Dozens of rounds of evolution can occur in a single day using this method, as demonstrated by the evolution of novel types of T7 RNA polymerase. Laboratory evolution has generated many biomolecules with desired properties, but a single round of mutation, gene expression, screening or selection, and replication typically requires days or longer with frequent human intervention 1 . Because evolutionary success is dependent on the total number of rounds performed 2 , a means of performing laboratory evolution continuously and rapidly could dramatically enhance its effectiveness 3 . Although researchers have accelerated individual steps in the evolutionary cycle 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , the only previous example of continuous directed evolution was the landmark study of Wright and Joyce 10 , who continuously evolved RNA ligase ribozymes with an in vitro replication cycle that unfortunately cannot be easily adapted to other biomolecules. Here we describe a system that enables the continuous directed evolution of gene-encoded molecules that can be linked to protein production in Escherichia coli . During phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE), evolving genes are transferred from host cell to host cell through a modified bacteriophage life cycle in a manner that is dependent on the activity of interest. Dozens of rounds of evolution can occur in a single day of PACE without human intervention. Using PACE, we evolved T7 RNA polymerase (RNAP) variants that recognize a distinct promoter, initiate transcripts with ATP instead of GTP, and initiate transcripts with CTP. In one example, PACE executed 200 rounds of protein evolution over the course of 8 days. Starting from undetectable activity levels in two of these cases, enzymes with each of the three target activities emerged in less than 1 week of PACE. In all three cases, PACE-evolved polymerase activities exceeded or were comparable to that of the wild-type T7 RNAP on its wild-type promoter, representing improvements of up to several hundred-fold. By greatly accelerating laboratory evolution, PACE may provide solutions to otherwise intractable directed evolution problems and address novel questions about molecular evolution. Laboratory evolution has generated many biomolecules with desired properties, but a single round of mutation, gene expression, screening or selection, and replication typically requires days or longer with frequent human intervention. Because evolutionary success is dependent on the total number of rounds performed, a means of performing laboratory evolution continuously and rapidly could dramatically enhance its effectiveness. Although researchers have accelerated individual steps in the evolutionary cycle, the only previous example of continuous directed evolution was the landmark study of Wright and Joyce, who continuously evolved RNA ligase ribozymes with an in vitro replication cycle that unfortunately cannot be easily adapted to other biomolecules. Here we describe a system that enables the continuous directed evolution of gene-encoded molecules that can be linked to protein production in Escherichia coli. During phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE), evolving genes are transferred from host cell to host cell through a modified bacteriophage life cycle in a manner that is dependent on the activity of interest. Dozens of rounds of evolution can occur in a single day of PACE without human intervention. Using PACE, we evolved T7 RNA polymerase (RNAP) variants that recognize a distinct promoter, initiate transcripts with ATP instead of GTP, and initiate transcripts with CTP. In one example, PACE executed 200 rounds of protein evolution over the course of 8days. Starting from undetectable activity levels in two of these cases, enzymes with each of the three target activities emerged in less than 1week of PACE. In all three cases, PACE-evolved polymerase activities exceeded or were comparable to that of the wild-type T7 RNAP on its wild-type promoter, representing improvements of up to several hundred-fold. By greatly accelerating laboratory evolution, PACE may provide solutions to otherwise intractable directed evolution problems and address novel questions about molecular evolution. Laboratory evolution has generated many biomolecules with desired properties, but a single round of mutation, gene expression, screening or selection, and replication typically requires days or longer with frequent human intervention. Because evolutionary success is dependent on the total number of rounds performed, a means of performing laboratory evolution continuously and rapidly could dramatically enhance its effectiveness. Although researchers have accelerated individual steps in the evolutionary cycle, the only previous example of continuous directed evolution was the landmark study of Wright and Joyce, who continuously evolved RNA ligase ribozymes with an in vitro replication cycle that unfortunately cannot be easily adapted to other biomolecules. Here we describe a system that enables the continuous directed evolution of gene-encoded molecules that can be linked to protein production in Escherichia coli. During phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE), evolving genes are transferred from host cell to host cell through a modified bacteriophage life cycle in a manner that is dependent on the activity of interest. Dozens of rounds of evolution can occur in a single day of PACE without human intervention. Using PACE, we evolved T7 RNA polymerase (RNAP) variants that recognize a distinct promoter, initiate transcripts with ATP instead of GTP, and initiate transcripts with CTP. In one example, PACE executed 200 rounds of protein evolution over the course of 8 days. Starting from undetectable activity levels in two of these cases, enzymes with each of the three target activities emerged in less than 1 week of PACE. In all three cases, PACE-evolved polymerase activities exceeded or were comparable to that of the wild-type T7 RNAP on its wild-type promoter, representing improvements of up to several hundred-fold. By greatly accelerating laboratory evolution, PACE may provide solutions to otherwise intractable directed evolution problems and address novel questions about molecular evolution. Laboratory evolution has generated many biomolecules with desired properties, but a single round of mutation, gene expression, screening or selection, and replication typically requires days or longer with frequent human intervention (1). Because evolutionary success is dependent on the total number of rounds performed (2), a means of performing laboratory evolution continuously and rapidly could dramatically enhance its effectiveness (3). Although researchers have accelerated individual steps in the evolutionary cycle (4-9), the only previous example of continuous directed evolution was the landmark study of Wright and Joyce (10), who continuously evolved RNA ligase ribozymes with an in vitro replication cycle that unfortunately cannot be easily adapted to other biomolecules. Here we describe a system that enables the continuous directed evolution of gene-encoded molecules that can be linked to protein production in Escherichia coli. During phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE), evolving genes are transferred from host cell to host cell through a modified bacteriophage life cycle in a manner that is dependent on the activity of interest. Dozens of rounds of evolution can occur in a single day of PACE without human intervention. Using PACE, we evolved T7 RNA polymerase (RNAP) variants that recognize a distinct promoter, initiate transcripts with ATP instead of GTP, and initiate transcripts with CTP. In one example, PACE executed 200 rounds of protein evolution over the course of 8 days. Starting from undetectable activity levels in two of these cases, enzymes with each of the three target activities emerged in less than 1 week of PACE. In all three cases, PACE-evolved polymerase activities exceeded or were comparable to that of the wild-type T7 RNAP on its wild-type promoter, representing improvements of up to several hundred-fold. By greatly accelerating laboratory evolution, PACE may provide solutions to otherwise intractable directed evolution problems and address novel questions about molecular evolution. Laboratory evolution has generated many biomolecules with desired properties, but a single round of mutation, gene expression, screening or selection, and replication typically requires days or longer with frequent human intervention. Because evolutionary success is dependent on the total number of rounds performed, a means of performing laboratory evolution continuously and rapidly could dramatically enhance its effectiveness. Although researchers have accelerated individual steps in the evolutionary cycle, the only previous example of continuous directed evolution was the landmark study of Wright and Joyce, who continuously evolved RNA ligase ribozymes with an in vitro replication cycle that unfortunately cannot be easily adapted to other biomolecules. Here we describe a system that enables the continuous directed evolution of gene-encoded molecules that can be linked to protein production in Escherichia coli. During phage-assisted continuous evolution (PACE), evolving genes are transferred from host cell to host cell through a modified bacteriophage life cycle in a manner that is dependent on the activity of interest. Dozens of rounds of evolution can occur in a single day of PACE without human intervention. Using PACE, we evolved T7 RNA polymerase (RNAP) variants that recognize a distinct promoter, initiate transcripts with ATP instead of GTP, and initiate transcripts with CTP. In one example, PACE executed 200 rounds of protein evolution over the course of 8 days. Starting from undetectable activity levels in two of these cases, enzymes with each of the three target activities emerged in less than 1 week of PACE. In all three cases, PACE-evolved polymerase activities exceeded or were comparable to that of the wild-type T7 RNAP on its wild-type promoter, representing improvements of up to several hundred-fold. By greatly accelerating laboratory evolution, PACE may provide solutions to otherwise intractable directed evolution problems and address novel questions about molecular evolution. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Esvelt, Kevin M. Liu, David R. Carlson, Jacob C. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA 3 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA 2 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA – name: 3 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA – name: 2 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Kevin M. surname: Esvelt fullname: Esvelt, Kevin M. organization: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University – sequence: 2 givenname: Jacob C. surname: Carlson fullname: Carlson, Jacob C. organization: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University – sequence: 3 givenname: David R. surname: Liu fullname: Liu, David R. email: drliu@fas.harvard.edu organization: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Howard Hughes Medical Institute |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=24124453$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21478873$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | Virus Directed molecular evolution Escherichia coli Bacteria Method Gram negative bacteria Enterobacteriaceae Phage |
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| Snippet | Speedy route to new biomolecules
Many biomolecules with useful properties have been generated by laboratory molecular evolution experiments, but the processes... Laboratory evolution has generated many biomolecules with desired properties, but a single round of mutation, gene expression, screening or selection, and... |
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| SubjectTerms | 631/181/2475 631/181/735 Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism Bacteria Bacteriology Bacteriophage T3 - genetics Bacteriophage T7 - enzymology Bacteriophage T7 - genetics Bacteriophages Bacteriophages - enzymology Bacteriophages - genetics Bacteriophages - physiology Binding sites Biological and medical sciences Cloning Cytidine Triphosphate - metabolism Directed Molecular Evolution - methods Diverse techniques DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases - biosynthesis DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases - chemistry DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases - genetics DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases - metabolism E coli Escherichia coli Escherichia coli - genetics Escherichia coli - growth & development Escherichia coli - metabolism Escherichia coli - virology Evolution Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene mutations Genetic aspects Genetic engineering Genetic transcription Guanosine Triphosphate - metabolism Humanities and Social Sciences Identification and classification letter Molecular and cellular biology multidisciplinary Mutagenesis Mutation Physiological aspects Plasmids Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics Promoters (Genetics) Properties Science Science (multidisciplinary) Viral Proteins - biosynthesis Viral Proteins - chemistry Viral Proteins - genetics Viral Proteins - metabolism |
| Title | A system for the continuous directed evolution of biomolecules |
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