A sensory integration account for time perception
The connection between stimulus perception and time perception remains unknown. The present study combines human and rat psychophysics with sensory cortical neuronal firing to construct a computational model for the percept of elapsed time embedded within sense of touch. When subjects judged the dur...
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| Published in | PLoS computational biology Vol. 17; no. 1; p. e1008668 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
29.01.2021
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1553-7358 1553-734X 1553-7358 |
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008668 |
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| Abstract | The connection between stimulus perception and time perception remains unknown. The present study combines human and rat psychophysics with sensory cortical neuronal firing to construct a computational model for the percept of elapsed time embedded within sense of touch. When subjects judged the duration of a vibration applied to the fingertip (human) or whiskers (rat), increasing stimulus intensity led to increasing perceived duration. Symmetrically, increasing vibration duration led to increasing perceived intensity. We modeled real spike trains recorded from vibrissal somatosensory cortex as input to dual leaky integrators–an intensity integrator with short time constant and a duration integrator with long time constant–generating neurometric functions that replicated the actual psychophysical functions of rats. Returning to human psychophysics, we then confirmed specific predictions of the dual leaky integrator model. This study offers a framework, based on sensory coding and subsequent accumulation of sensory drive, to account for how a feeling of the passage of time accompanies the tactile sensory experience. |
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| AbstractList | The connection between stimulus perception and time perception remains unknown. The present study combines human and rat psychophysics with sensory cortical neuronal firing to construct a computational model for the percept of elapsed time embedded within sense of touch. When subjects judged the duration of a vibration applied to the fingertip (human) or whiskers (rat), increasing stimulus intensity led to increasing perceived duration. Symmetrically, increasing vibration duration led to increasing perceived intensity. We modeled real spike trains recorded from vibrissal somatosensory cortex as input to dual leaky integrators–an intensity integrator with short time constant and a duration integrator with long time constant–generating neurometric functions that replicated the actual psychophysical functions of rats. Returning to human psychophysics, we then confirmed specific predictions of the dual leaky integrator model. This study offers a framework, based on sensory coding and subsequent accumulation of sensory drive, to account for how a feeling of the passage of time accompanies the tactile sensory experience.
The challenge to neuroscience posed by the sense of time lies, first and foremost, in the fact there do not exist dedicated receptors–the passage of time is a sensory experience constructed without sensors. In the present study, we have found that the perceived duration of a vibration applied to the skin increases not only in relation to actual elapsed time but also in relation to the intensity of the vibration. Our data uncover this robust relationship–“stronger is judged as longer”–in the psychophysical results both of human subjects and rats, indicating a general mechanism linking stimulus features to perceived time. We propose a computational model where the experience of the elapsed time accompanying a stimulus is generated when the activity of the sensory cortical neuronal populations encoding that stimulus is integrated by a downstream accumulator. We test the plausibility of the model by simulating the time percept that would emerge through integration of the neuronal firing of real spike trains recorded from the sensory cortex of rats receiving the vibratory stimulus. The close match of the model’s prediction of perceived time to actual perceived time for the same stimuli supports the proposed sensory integration account for time perception. The connection between stimulus perception and time perception remains unknown. The present study combines human and rat psychophysics with sensory cortical neuronal firing to construct a computational model for the percept of elapsed time embedded within sense of touch. When subjects judged the duration of a vibration applied to the fingertip (human) or whiskers (rat), increasing stimulus intensity led to increasing perceived duration. Symmetrically, increasing vibration duration led to increasing perceived intensity. We modeled real spike trains recorded from vibrissal somatosensory cortex as input to dual leaky integrators-an intensity integrator with short time constant and a duration integrator with long time constant-generating neurometric functions that replicated the actual psychophysical functions of rats. Returning to human psychophysics, we then confirmed specific predictions of the dual leaky integrator model. This study offers a framework, based on sensory coding and subsequent accumulation of sensory drive, to account for how a feeling of the passage of time accompanies the tactile sensory experience.The connection between stimulus perception and time perception remains unknown. The present study combines human and rat psychophysics with sensory cortical neuronal firing to construct a computational model for the percept of elapsed time embedded within sense of touch. When subjects judged the duration of a vibration applied to the fingertip (human) or whiskers (rat), increasing stimulus intensity led to increasing perceived duration. Symmetrically, increasing vibration duration led to increasing perceived intensity. We modeled real spike trains recorded from vibrissal somatosensory cortex as input to dual leaky integrators-an intensity integrator with short time constant and a duration integrator with long time constant-generating neurometric functions that replicated the actual psychophysical functions of rats. Returning to human psychophysics, we then confirmed specific predictions of the dual leaky integrator model. This study offers a framework, based on sensory coding and subsequent accumulation of sensory drive, to account for how a feeling of the passage of time accompanies the tactile sensory experience. The connection between stimulus perception and time perception remains unknown. The present study combines human and rat psychophysics with sensory cortical neuronal firing to construct a computational model for the percept of elapsed time embedded within sense of touch. When subjects judged the duration of a vibration applied to the fingertip (human) or whiskers (rat), increasing stimulus intensity led to increasing perceived duration. Symmetrically, increasing vibration duration led to increasing perceived intensity. We modeled real spike trains recorded from vibrissal somatosensory cortex as input to dual leaky integrators-an intensity integrator with short time constant and a duration integrator with long time constant-generating neurometric functions that replicated the actual psychophysical functions of rats. Returning to human psychophysics, we then confirmed specific predictions of the dual leaky integrator model. This study offers a framework, based on sensory coding and subsequent accumulation of sensory drive, to account for how a feeling of the passage of time accompanies the tactile sensory experience. Experiments 1 and 2 involve both human subjects, to whom stimuli were delivered to the left index fingertip, and rats, to whom vibrations were delivered to the whiskers on the right side of the snout (Fig 1A). To constrain subjects to rely on working memory, we used a set of stimulus pairs referred to as the stimulus generalization matrix (SGM; Fig 2) in which any value of I1 could be followed by a larger or smaller I2 and any value of T1 could be followed by a larger or smaller T2 [6,8]. Since neither stimulus alone provided the information necessary for a correct choice, both stimuli had to be attended to and utilized to solve the task. Subjects received the same stimuli whether the task was to judge intensity or duration (see Fig 2 for the set of intensity and duration values). [...]any resulting difference in performance of the tasks could not be attributed to differences in tactile input. Bars on the left of each plot show the performance calculated according to the intensity rule (correctness according to stimulus intensity difference) revealing a consistent bias of the irrelevant feature on choice in both species. Experiments 1 and 2 involve both human subjects, to whom stimuli were delivered to the left index fingertip, and rats, to whom vibrations were delivered to the whiskers on the right side of the snout (Fig 1A). To constrain subjects to rely on working memory, we used a set of stimulus pairs referred to as the stimulus generalization matrix (SGM; Fig 2) in which any value of I1 could be followed by a larger or smaller I2 and any value of T1 could be followed by a larger or smaller T2 [6,8]. Since neither stimulus alone provided the information necessary for a correct choice, both stimuli had to be attended to and utilized to solve the task. Subjects received the same stimuli whether the task was to judge intensity or duration (see Fig 2 for the set of intensity and duration values). [...]any resulting difference in performance of the tasks could not be attributed to differences in tactile input. Bars on the left of each plot show the performance calculated according to the intensity rule (correctness according to stimulus intensity difference) revealing a consistent bias of the irrelevant feature on choice in both species. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Fassihi, Arash Diamond, Mathew E. Toso, Alessandro Pulecchi, Francesca Paz, Luciano |
| AuthorAffiliation | Harvard University, UNITED STATES 1 Cognitive Neuroscience PhD program, International School for Advanced Studies, Trieste, Italy 2 Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Cognitive Neuroscience PhD program, International School for Advanced Studies, Trieste, Italy – name: Harvard University, UNITED STATES – name: 2 Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Alessandro orcidid: 0000-0003-2289-3455 surname: Toso fullname: Toso, Alessandro – sequence: 2 givenname: Arash orcidid: 0000-0001-7477-7080 surname: Fassihi fullname: Fassihi, Arash – sequence: 3 givenname: Luciano orcidid: 0000-0002-6255-3888 surname: Paz fullname: Paz, Luciano – sequence: 4 givenname: Francesca surname: Pulecchi fullname: Pulecchi, Francesca – sequence: 5 givenname: Mathew E. orcidid: 0000-0003-2286-4566 surname: Diamond fullname: Diamond, Mathew E. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33513135$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science 2021 Toso et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2021 Toso et al 2021 Toso et al |
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| Snippet | The connection between stimulus perception and time perception remains unknown. The present study combines human and rat psychophysics with sensory cortical... Experiments 1 and 2 involve both human subjects, to whom stimuli were delivered to the left index fingertip, and rats, to whom vibrations were delivered to the... |
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| SubjectTerms | Analysis Biology and Life Sciences Computational biology Engineering and Technology Expected values Experiments Human subjects Methods Normal distribution Perceptions Physical Sciences Sensory integration Sensory stimulation Short term memory Social Sciences Stimuli Temporal perception Time perception Velocity Vibration Vibrations |
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| Title | A sensory integration account for time perception |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33513135 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2490327885 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2483817317 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7875380 https://doaj.org/article/9cb14a03ab8f402e804e2b4c2a1c10aa http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008668 |
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