Treating an Established Episode of Delirium in Palliative Care: Expert Opinion and Review of the Current Evidence Base With Recommendations for Future Development
Delirium is a highly prevalent complication in patients in palliative care settings, especially in the end-of-life context. To review the current evidence base for treating episodes of delirium in palliative care settings and propose a framework for future development. We combined multidisciplinary...
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| Published in | Journal of pain and symptom management Vol. 48; no. 2; pp. 231 - 248 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article Conference Proceeding |
| Language | English |
| Published |
New York, NY
Elsevier Inc
01.08.2014
Elsevier |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Delirium is a highly prevalent complication in patients in palliative care settings, especially in the end-of-life context.
To review the current evidence base for treating episodes of delirium in palliative care settings and propose a framework for future development.
We combined multidisciplinary input from delirium researchers and other purposely selected stakeholders at an international delirium study planning meeting. This was supplemented by a literature search of multiple databases and relevant reference lists to identify studies regarding therapeutic interventions for delirium.
The context of delirium management in palliative care is highly variable. The standard management of a delirium episode includes the investigation of precipitating and aggravating factors followed by symptomatic treatment with drug therapy. However, the intensity of this management depends on illness trajectory and goals of care in addition to the local availability of both investigative modalities and therapeutic interventions. Pharmacologically, haloperidol remains the practice standard by consensus for symptomatic control. Dosing schedules are derived from expert opinion and various clinical practice guidelines as evidence-based data from palliative care settings are limited. The commonly used pharmacologic interventions for delirium in this population warrant evaluation in clinical trials to examine dosing and titration regimens, different routes of administration, and safety and efficacy compared with placebo.
Delirium treatment is multidimensional and includes the identification of precipitating and aggravating factors. For symptomatic management, haloperidol remains the practice standard. Further high-quality collaborative research investigating the appropriate treatment of this complex syndrome is needed. |
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| AbstractList | Delirium is a highly prevalent complication in patients in palliative care settings, especially in the end-of-life context.
To review the current evidence base for treating episodes of delirium in palliative care settings and propose a framework for future development.
We combined multidisciplinary input from delirium researchers and other purposely selected stakeholders at an international delirium study planning meeting. This was supplemented by a literature search of multiple databases and relevant reference lists to identify studies regarding therapeutic interventions for delirium.
The context of delirium management in palliative care is highly variable. The standard management of a delirium episode includes the investigation of precipitating and aggravating factors followed by symptomatic treatment with drug therapy. However, the intensity of this management depends on illness trajectory and goals of care in addition to the local availability of both investigative modalities and therapeutic interventions. Pharmacologically, haloperidol remains the practice standard by consensus for symptomatic control. Dosing schedules are derived from expert opinion and various clinical practice guidelines as evidence-based data from palliative care settings are limited. The commonly used pharmacologic interventions for delirium in this population warrant evaluation in clinical trials to examine dosing and titration regimens, different routes of administration, and safety and efficacy compared with placebo.
Delirium treatment is multidimensional and includes the identification of precipitating and aggravating factors. For symptomatic management, haloperidol remains the practice standard. Further high-quality collaborative research investigating the appropriate treatment of this complex syndrome is needed. Delirium is a highly prevalent complication in patients in palliative care settings, especially in the end-of-life context.CONTEXTDelirium is a highly prevalent complication in patients in palliative care settings, especially in the end-of-life context.To review the current evidence base for treating episodes of delirium in palliative care settings and propose a framework for future development.OBJECTIVESTo review the current evidence base for treating episodes of delirium in palliative care settings and propose a framework for future development.We combined multidisciplinary input from delirium researchers and other purposely selected stakeholders at an international delirium study planning meeting. This was supplemented by a literature search of multiple databases and relevant reference lists to identify studies regarding therapeutic interventions for delirium.METHODSWe combined multidisciplinary input from delirium researchers and other purposely selected stakeholders at an international delirium study planning meeting. This was supplemented by a literature search of multiple databases and relevant reference lists to identify studies regarding therapeutic interventions for delirium.The context of delirium management in palliative care is highly variable. The standard management of a delirium episode includes the investigation of precipitating and aggravating factors followed by symptomatic treatment with drug therapy. However, the intensity of this management depends on illness trajectory and goals of care in addition to the local availability of both investigative modalities and therapeutic interventions. Pharmacologically, haloperidol remains the practice standard by consensus for symptomatic control. Dosing schedules are derived from expert opinion and various clinical practice guidelines as evidence-based data from palliative care settings are limited. The commonly used pharmacologic interventions for delirium in this population warrant evaluation in clinical trials to examine dosing and titration regimens, different routes of administration, and safety and efficacy compared with placebo.RESULTSThe context of delirium management in palliative care is highly variable. The standard management of a delirium episode includes the investigation of precipitating and aggravating factors followed by symptomatic treatment with drug therapy. However, the intensity of this management depends on illness trajectory and goals of care in addition to the local availability of both investigative modalities and therapeutic interventions. Pharmacologically, haloperidol remains the practice standard by consensus for symptomatic control. Dosing schedules are derived from expert opinion and various clinical practice guidelines as evidence-based data from palliative care settings are limited. The commonly used pharmacologic interventions for delirium in this population warrant evaluation in clinical trials to examine dosing and titration regimens, different routes of administration, and safety and efficacy compared with placebo.Delirium treatment is multidimensional and includes the identification of precipitating and aggravating factors. For symptomatic management, haloperidol remains the practice standard. Further high-quality collaborative research investigating the appropriate treatment of this complex syndrome is needed.CONCLUSIONDelirium treatment is multidimensional and includes the identification of precipitating and aggravating factors. For symptomatic management, haloperidol remains the practice standard. Further high-quality collaborative research investigating the appropriate treatment of this complex syndrome is needed. AbstractContextDelirium is a highly prevalent complication in patients in palliative care settings, especially in the end-of-life context. ObjectivesTo review the current evidence base for treating episodes of delirium in palliative care settings and propose a framework for future development. MethodsWe combined multidisciplinary input from delirium researchers and other purposely selected stakeholders at an international delirium study planning meeting. This was supplemented by a literature search of multiple databases and relevant reference lists to identify studies regarding therapeutic interventions for delirium. ResultsThe context of delirium management in palliative care is highly variable. The standard management of a delirium episode includes the investigation of precipitating and aggravating factors followed by symptomatic treatment with drug therapy. However, the intensity of this management depends on illness trajectory and goals of care in addition to the local availability of both investigative modalities and therapeutic interventions. Pharmacologically, haloperidol remains the practice standard by consensus for symptomatic control. Dosing schedules are derived from expert opinion and various clinical practice guidelines as evidence-based data from palliative care settings are limited. The commonly used pharmacologic interventions for delirium in this population warrant evaluation in clinical trials to examine dosing and titration regimens, different routes of administration, and safety and efficacy compared with placebo. ConclusionDelirium treatment is multidimensional and includes the identification of precipitating and aggravating factors. For symptomatic management, haloperidol remains the practice standard. Further high-quality collaborative research investigating the appropriate treatment of this complex syndrome is needed. |
| Author | Pereira, José L. Gagnon, Pierre R. Kanji, Salmaan Meagher, David J. Rabheru, Kiran Bush, Shirley H. Breitbart, William Regnier, Laura Currow, David C. Gagnon, Bruno Lawlor, Peter G. Davis, Daniel H.J. Agar, Meera Wright, David Kenneth Bruera, Eduardo Hartwick, Michael |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Shirley H. surname: Bush fullname: Bush, Shirley H. email: sbush@bruyere.org organization: Division of Palliative Care, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 2 givenname: Salmaan surname: Kanji fullname: Kanji, Salmaan organization: The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 3 givenname: José L. surname: Pereira fullname: Pereira, José L. organization: Division of Palliative Care, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 4 givenname: Daniel H.J. surname: Davis fullname: Davis, Daniel H.J. organization: Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom – sequence: 5 givenname: David C. surname: Currow fullname: Currow, David C. organization: Discipline, Palliative & Supportive Services, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia – sequence: 6 givenname: David J. surname: Meagher fullname: Meagher, David J. organization: Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland – sequence: 7 givenname: Kiran surname: Rabheru fullname: Rabheru, Kiran organization: Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 8 givenname: David Kenneth surname: Wright fullname: Wright, David Kenneth organization: McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada – sequence: 9 givenname: Eduardo surname: Bruera fullname: Bruera, Eduardo organization: Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: Meera surname: Agar fullname: Agar, Meera organization: Discipline, Palliative & Supportive Services, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia – sequence: 11 givenname: Michael surname: Hartwick fullname: Hartwick, Michael organization: Division of Palliative Care, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 12 givenname: Pierre R. surname: Gagnon fullname: Gagnon, Pierre R. organization: Faculty of Pharmacy et Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada – sequence: 13 givenname: Bruno surname: Gagnon fullname: Gagnon, Bruno organization: Département de Médecine Familiale et de Médecine d'Urgence, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada – sequence: 14 givenname: William surname: Breitbart fullname: Breitbart, William organization: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA – sequence: 15 givenname: Laura surname: Regnier fullname: Regnier, Laura organization: Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 16 givenname: Peter G. surname: Lawlor fullname: Lawlor, Peter G. organization: Division of Palliative Care, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada |
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| Copyright | 2014 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine 2015 INIST-CNRS Copyright © 2014 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine. All rights reserved. 2013 U.S. Cancer Pain Relief Committee. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2013 |
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| Snippet | Delirium is a highly prevalent complication in patients in palliative care settings, especially in the end-of-life context.
To review the current evidence base... AbstractContextDelirium is a highly prevalent complication in patients in palliative care settings, especially in the end-of-life context. ObjectivesTo review... Delirium is a highly prevalent complication in patients in palliative care settings, especially in the end-of-life context.CONTEXTDelirium is a highly... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult and adolescent clinical studies Anesthesia Antipsychotic Agents - adverse effects Antipsychotic Agents - therapeutic use Biological and medical sciences decision making Delirium Delirium - therapy evidence-based medicine Haloperidol - adverse effects Haloperidol - therapeutic use hospices Humans Medical sciences Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology Pain Medicine palliative care Palliative Care - methods Pharmacology. Drug treatments Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic therapeutics |
| Title | Treating an Established Episode of Delirium in Palliative Care: Expert Opinion and Review of the Current Evidence Base With Recommendations for Future Development |
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