Factors associated with international humanitarian aid appeal for disasters from 1995 to 2015: A retrospective database study
International humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify disaster and population factors associated with international aid appeal during disasters and hence guide preparation by international humanitarian aid...
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| Published in | PloS one Vol. 18; no. 6; p. e0286472 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
01.06.2023
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| Abstract | International humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify disaster and population factors associated with international aid appeal during disasters and hence guide preparation by international humanitarian aid providers.
In this retrospective database analysis, we searched the Emergency Events Database for all disasters from 1995 to 2015. Disasters with and without international aid appeals were compared by location, duration, type of disaster, deaths, number of people affected, and total estimated damage. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of each factor with international aid appeal.
Of 13,961 disasters recorded from 1995 to 2015, 168 (1.2%) involved international aid appeals. Aid appeals were more likely to be triggered by disasters which killed more people (OR 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.64] log10 persons), affected more people (OR 1.85 [95%CI 1.57-2.18] / log10 persons), and occurred in Africa (OR 1.67 [95%CI 1.06-2.62). Earthquakes (OR 4.07 [95%CI 2.16-7.67]), volcanic activity (OR 6.23 [95%CI 2.50-15.53]), and insect infestations (OR 12.14 [95%CI 3.05-48.35]) were more likely to trigger international aid appeals. International aid appeals were less likely to be triggered by disasters which occurred in Asia (OR 0.46 [95%CI 0.29-0.73]) and which were transport accidents (OR 0.12 [95%CI 0.02-0.89]).
International aid appeal during disasters was associated with greater magnitude of damage, disasters in Africa, and specific types of disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and insect infestations. Humanitarian aid providers can focus preparation on these identified factors. |
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| AbstractList | International humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify disaster and population factors associated with international aid appeal during disasters and hence guide preparation by international humanitarian aid providers.
In this retrospective database analysis, we searched the Emergency Events Database for all disasters from 1995 to 2015. Disasters with and without international aid appeals were compared by location, duration, type of disaster, deaths, number of people affected, and total estimated damage. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of each factor with international aid appeal.
Of 13,961 disasters recorded from 1995 to 2015, 168 (1.2%) involved international aid appeals. Aid appeals were more likely to be triggered by disasters which killed more people (OR 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.64] log10 persons), affected more people (OR 1.85 [95%CI 1.57-2.18] / log10 persons), and occurred in Africa (OR 1.67 [95%CI 1.06-2.62). Earthquakes (OR 4.07 [95%CI 2.16-7.67]), volcanic activity (OR 6.23 [95%CI 2.50-15.53]), and insect infestations (OR 12.14 [95%CI 3.05-48.35]) were more likely to trigger international aid appeals. International aid appeals were less likely to be triggered by disasters which occurred in Asia (OR 0.46 [95%CI 0.29-0.73]) and which were transport accidents (OR 0.12 [95%CI 0.02-0.89]).
International aid appeal during disasters was associated with greater magnitude of damage, disasters in Africa, and specific types of disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and insect infestations. Humanitarian aid providers can focus preparation on these identified factors. International humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify disaster and population factors associated with international aid appeal during disasters and hence guide preparation by international humanitarian aid providers. In this retrospective database analysis, we searched the Emergency Events Database for all disasters from 1995 to 2015. Disasters with and without international aid appeals were compared by location, duration, type of disaster, deaths, number of people affected, and total estimated damage. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of each factor with international aid appeal. Of 13,961 disasters recorded from 1995 to 2015, 168 (1.2%) involved international aid appeals. Aid appeals were more likely to be triggered by disasters which killed more people (OR 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.64] log.sub.10 persons), affected more people (OR 1.85 [95%CI 1.57-2.18] / log.sub.10 persons), and occurred in Africa (OR 1.67 [95%CI 1.06-2.62). Earthquakes (OR 4.07 [95%CI 2.16-7.67]), volcanic activity (OR 6.23 [95%CI 2.50-15.53]), and insect infestations (OR 12.14 [95%CI 3.05-48.35]) were more likely to trigger international aid appeals. International aid appeals were less likely to be triggered by disasters which occurred in Asia (OR 0.46 [95%CI 0.29-0.73]) and which were transport accidents (OR 0.12 [95%CI 0.02-0.89]). International aid appeal during disasters was associated with greater magnitude of damage, disasters in Africa, and specific types of disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and insect infestations. Humanitarian aid providers can focus preparation on these identified factors. IntroductionInternational humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify disaster and population factors associated with international aid appeal during disasters and hence guide preparation by international humanitarian aid providers.MethodsIn this retrospective database analysis, we searched the Emergency Events Database for all disasters from 1995 to 2015. Disasters with and without international aid appeals were compared by location, duration, type of disaster, deaths, number of people affected, and total estimated damage. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of each factor with international aid appeal.ResultsOf 13,961 disasters recorded from 1995 to 2015, 168 (1.2%) involved international aid appeals. Aid appeals were more likely to be triggered by disasters which killed more people (OR 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.64] log10 persons), affected more people (OR 1.85 [95%CI 1.57-2.18] / log10 persons), and occurred in Africa (OR 1.67 [95%CI 1.06-2.62). Earthquakes (OR 4.07 [95%CI 2.16-7.67]), volcanic activity (OR 6.23 [95%CI 2.50-15.53]), and insect infestations (OR 12.14 [95%CI 3.05-48.35]) were more likely to trigger international aid appeals. International aid appeals were less likely to be triggered by disasters which occurred in Asia (OR 0.46 [95%CI 0.29-0.73]) and which were transport accidents (OR 0.12 [95%CI 0.02-0.89]).ConclusionInternational aid appeal during disasters was associated with greater magnitude of damage, disasters in Africa, and specific types of disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and insect infestations. Humanitarian aid providers can focus preparation on these identified factors. Introduction International humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify disaster and population factors associated with international aid appeal during disasters and hence guide preparation by international humanitarian aid providers. Methods In this retrospective database analysis, we searched the Emergency Events Database for all disasters from 1995 to 2015. Disasters with and without international aid appeals were compared by location, duration, type of disaster, deaths, number of people affected, and total estimated damage. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of each factor with international aid appeal. Results Of 13,961 disasters recorded from 1995 to 2015, 168 (1.2%) involved international aid appeals. Aid appeals were more likely to be triggered by disasters which killed more people (OR 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.64] log 10 persons), affected more people (OR 1.85 [95%CI 1.57–2.18] / log 10 persons), and occurred in Africa (OR 1.67 [95%CI 1.06–2.62). Earthquakes (OR 4.07 [95%CI 2.16–7.67]), volcanic activity (OR 6.23 [95%CI 2.50–15.53]), and insect infestations (OR 12.14 [95%CI 3.05–48.35]) were more likely to trigger international aid appeals. International aid appeals were less likely to be triggered by disasters which occurred in Asia (OR 0.46 [95%CI 0.29–0.73]) and which were transport accidents (OR 0.12 [95%CI 0.02–0.89]). Conclusion International aid appeal during disasters was associated with greater magnitude of damage, disasters in Africa, and specific types of disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and insect infestations. Humanitarian aid providers can focus preparation on these identified factors. Introduction International humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify disaster and population factors associated with international aid appeal during disasters and hence guide preparation by international humanitarian aid providers. Methods In this retrospective database analysis, we searched the Emergency Events Database for all disasters from 1995 to 2015. Disasters with and without international aid appeals were compared by location, duration, type of disaster, deaths, number of people affected, and total estimated damage. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of each factor with international aid appeal. Results Of 13,961 disasters recorded from 1995 to 2015, 168 (1.2%) involved international aid appeals. Aid appeals were more likely to be triggered by disasters which killed more people (OR 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.64] log.sub.10 persons), affected more people (OR 1.85 [95%CI 1.57-2.18] / log.sub.10 persons), and occurred in Africa (OR 1.67 [95%CI 1.06-2.62). Earthquakes (OR 4.07 [95%CI 2.16-7.67]), volcanic activity (OR 6.23 [95%CI 2.50-15.53]), and insect infestations (OR 12.14 [95%CI 3.05-48.35]) were more likely to trigger international aid appeals. International aid appeals were less likely to be triggered by disasters which occurred in Asia (OR 0.46 [95%CI 0.29-0.73]) and which were transport accidents (OR 0.12 [95%CI 0.02-0.89]). Conclusion International aid appeal during disasters was associated with greater magnitude of damage, disasters in Africa, and specific types of disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and insect infestations. Humanitarian aid providers can focus preparation on these identified factors. Introduction International humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify disaster and population factors associated with international aid appeal during disasters and hence guide preparation by international humanitarian aid providers. Methods In this retrospective database analysis, we searched the Emergency Events Database for all disasters from 1995 to 2015. Disasters with and without international aid appeals were compared by location, duration, type of disaster, deaths, number of people affected, and total estimated damage. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of each factor with international aid appeal. Results Of 13,961 disasters recorded from 1995 to 2015, 168 (1.2%) involved international aid appeals. Aid appeals were more likely to be triggered by disasters which killed more people (OR 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.64] log10 persons), affected more people (OR 1.85 [95%CI 1.57–2.18] / log10 persons), and occurred in Africa (OR 1.67 [95%CI 1.06–2.62). Earthquakes (OR 4.07 [95%CI 2.16–7.67]), volcanic activity (OR 6.23 [95%CI 2.50–15.53]), and insect infestations (OR 12.14 [95%CI 3.05–48.35]) were more likely to trigger international aid appeals. International aid appeals were less likely to be triggered by disasters which occurred in Asia (OR 0.46 [95%CI 0.29–0.73]) and which were transport accidents (OR 0.12 [95%CI 0.02–0.89]). Conclusion International aid appeal during disasters was associated with greater magnitude of damage, disasters in Africa, and specific types of disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and insect infestations. Humanitarian aid providers can focus preparation on these identified factors. International humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify disaster and population factors associated with international aid appeal during disasters and hence guide preparation by international humanitarian aid providers.INTRODUCTIONInternational humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify disaster and population factors associated with international aid appeal during disasters and hence guide preparation by international humanitarian aid providers.In this retrospective database analysis, we searched the Emergency Events Database for all disasters from 1995 to 2015. Disasters with and without international aid appeals were compared by location, duration, type of disaster, deaths, number of people affected, and total estimated damage. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of each factor with international aid appeal.METHODSIn this retrospective database analysis, we searched the Emergency Events Database for all disasters from 1995 to 2015. Disasters with and without international aid appeals were compared by location, duration, type of disaster, deaths, number of people affected, and total estimated damage. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of each factor with international aid appeal.Of 13,961 disasters recorded from 1995 to 2015, 168 (1.2%) involved international aid appeals. Aid appeals were more likely to be triggered by disasters which killed more people (OR 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.64] log10 persons), affected more people (OR 1.85 [95%CI 1.57-2.18] / log10 persons), and occurred in Africa (OR 1.67 [95%CI 1.06-2.62). Earthquakes (OR 4.07 [95%CI 2.16-7.67]), volcanic activity (OR 6.23 [95%CI 2.50-15.53]), and insect infestations (OR 12.14 [95%CI 3.05-48.35]) were more likely to trigger international aid appeals. International aid appeals were less likely to be triggered by disasters which occurred in Asia (OR 0.46 [95%CI 0.29-0.73]) and which were transport accidents (OR 0.12 [95%CI 0.02-0.89]).RESULTSOf 13,961 disasters recorded from 1995 to 2015, 168 (1.2%) involved international aid appeals. Aid appeals were more likely to be triggered by disasters which killed more people (OR 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.64] log10 persons), affected more people (OR 1.85 [95%CI 1.57-2.18] / log10 persons), and occurred in Africa (OR 1.67 [95%CI 1.06-2.62). Earthquakes (OR 4.07 [95%CI 2.16-7.67]), volcanic activity (OR 6.23 [95%CI 2.50-15.53]), and insect infestations (OR 12.14 [95%CI 3.05-48.35]) were more likely to trigger international aid appeals. International aid appeals were less likely to be triggered by disasters which occurred in Asia (OR 0.46 [95%CI 0.29-0.73]) and which were transport accidents (OR 0.12 [95%CI 0.02-0.89]).International aid appeal during disasters was associated with greater magnitude of damage, disasters in Africa, and specific types of disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and insect infestations. Humanitarian aid providers can focus preparation on these identified factors.CONCLUSIONInternational aid appeal during disasters was associated with greater magnitude of damage, disasters in Africa, and specific types of disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and insect infestations. Humanitarian aid providers can focus preparation on these identified factors. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Issa, Fadi Hertelendy, Attila J. Ciottone, Gregory R. Echeverri, Lina Law, Lawrence Siu-Chun Hata, Ryan Nouaime, Georgina Voskanyan, Amalia Cheng, Lenard Hart, Alexander |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Fellowship in Disaster Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America 2 Department of Information Systems and Business Analytics, College of Business, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America 4 University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America Universiti Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA 3 Department of Emergency Medicine, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America 6 Center for Research and Training in Disaster Medicine, Humanitarian Aid and Global Health, Universitá del Piemonte Orientale, II Piano, Novara, Italy 5 National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Fellowship in Disaster Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America – name: 4 University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America – name: 2 Department of Information Systems and Business Analytics, College of Business, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America – name: 3 Department of Emergency Medicine, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America – name: 5 National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore – name: 6 Center for Research and Training in Disaster Medicine, Humanitarian Aid and Global Health, Universitá del Piemonte Orientale, II Piano, Novara, Italy – name: Universiti Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Lenard orcidid: 0000-0002-1588-123X surname: Cheng fullname: Cheng, Lenard – sequence: 2 givenname: Attila J. surname: Hertelendy fullname: Hertelendy, Attila J. – sequence: 3 givenname: Alexander surname: Hart fullname: Hart, Alexander – sequence: 4 givenname: Lawrence Siu-Chun orcidid: 0000-0002-0429-2632 surname: Law fullname: Law, Lawrence Siu-Chun – sequence: 5 givenname: Ryan surname: Hata fullname: Hata, Ryan – sequence: 6 givenname: Georgina surname: Nouaime fullname: Nouaime, Georgina – sequence: 7 givenname: Fadi surname: Issa fullname: Issa, Fadi – sequence: 8 givenname: Lina surname: Echeverri fullname: Echeverri, Lina – sequence: 9 givenname: Amalia surname: Voskanyan fullname: Voskanyan, Amalia – sequence: 10 givenname: Gregory R. surname: Ciottone fullname: Ciottone, Gregory R. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37262035$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_puhe_2023_11_017 |
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| Copyright | Copyright: © 2023 Cheng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. COPYRIGHT 2023 Public Library of Science 2023 Cheng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2023 Cheng et al 2023 Cheng et al 2023 Cheng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
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| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0286472 |
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| License | Copyright: © 2023 Cheng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Creative Commons Attribution License |
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| Snippet | International humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify disaster... Introduction International humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We... IntroductionInternational humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify... Introduction International humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We... |
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| SubjectTerms | Analysis Biology and Life Sciences Casualties Classification Confidence intervals Disaster relief Disaster victims Disasters Earth Sciences Earthquake damage Earthquakes Economic aspects Health aspects Humanitarian aid Humanitarianism Insects International aid Mann-Whitney U test Medical care, Cost of Missing data People and Places Regression analysis Research and Analysis Methods Seismic activity Services Social aspects Statistical analysis Variables Volcanic activity |
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| Title | Factors associated with international humanitarian aid appeal for disasters from 1995 to 2015: A retrospective database study |
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