Changing patterns of cataract services in North-West Nigeria: 2005-2016
This study was conducted to assess the impact of the eye care programme on cataract blindness and cataract surgical services in Sokoto, Nigeria over a 12 year period 2005-2016. Data from the 2005 population based cross-sectional study of blindness in Sokoto state was re-analysed to obtain baseline e...
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Published in | PloS one Vol. 12; no. 8; p. e0183421 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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17.08.2017
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Abstract | This study was conducted to assess the impact of the eye care programme on cataract blindness and cataract surgical services in Sokoto, Nigeria over a 12 year period 2005-2016.
Data from the 2005 population based cross-sectional study of blindness in Sokoto state was re-analysed to obtain baseline estimates of the prevalence of cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage for persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone. A population based survey of a representative sample of persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was conducted in July 2016. Data on eye health workforce, infrastructure and cataract surgical services between 2005 and 2016 were analysed from relevant documents.
In 2005 the unadjusted prevalence of bilateral cataract blindness (<3/60) in people 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was 5.6% (95% CI: 3.1, 10.1). By 2016 this had fallen to 2.1% (95% CI 1.5%, 2.7%), with the age-sex adjusted prevalence being 1.9% (95% CI 1.3%, 2.5%). The CSC for persons with visual acuity <3/60, <6/60, <6/18 for Wurno health zone was 9.1%, 7.1% and 5.5% respectively in 2005 and this had increased to 67.3%, 62.1% and 34.7% respectively in 2016. The CSR in Sokoto state increased from 272 (1005 operations) in 2006, to 596 (2799 operations) in 2014. In the 2005 survey, couching (a procedure used by traditional practitioners to dislocate the lens into the vitreous cavity) accounted for 87.5% of all cataract interventions, compared to 45.8% in the 2016 survey participants. In 2016 18% of eyes having a cataract operation with IOL implantation had a presenting visual acuity of <6/60 (poor outcome) with the main causes being postoperative complications (53%) and uncorrected refractive error (29%).
Between 2005 and 2016 there was a doubling in cataract surgical rate, a 7 times increase in cataract surgical coverage (<3/60), and a decrease in cataract blindness and the proportion of eyes being couched. However, there remains a high prevalence of un-operated cataract in 2016 indicating a need to further improve access to affordable and good quality cataract surgical services. |
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AbstractList | Purpose This study was conducted to assess the impact of the eye care programme on cataract blindness and cataract surgical services in Sokoto, Nigeria over a 12 year period 2005–2016. Methods Data from the 2005 population based cross-sectional study of blindness in Sokoto state was re-analysed to obtain baseline estimates of the prevalence of cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage for persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone. A population based survey of a representative sample of persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was conducted in July 2016. Data on eye health workforce, infrastructure and cataract surgical services between 2005 and 2016 were analysed from relevant documents. Results In 2005 the unadjusted prevalence of bilateral cataract blindness (<3/60) in people 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was 5.6% (95% CI: 3.1, 10.1). By 2016 this had fallen to 2.1% (95% CI 1.5%, 2.7%), with the age-sex adjusted prevalence being 1.9% (95% CI 1.3%, 2.5%). The CSC for persons with visual acuity <3/60, <6/60, <6/18 for Wurno health zone was 9.1%, 7.1% and 5.5% respectively in 2005 and this had increased to 67.3%, 62.1% and 34.7% respectively in 2016. The CSR in Sokoto state increased from 272 (1005 operations) in 2006, to 596 (2799 operations) in 2014. In the 2005 survey, couching (a procedure used by traditional practitioners to dislocate the lens into the vitreous cavity) accounted for 87.5% of all cataract interventions, compared to 45.8% in the 2016 survey participants. In 2016 18% of eyes having a cataract operation with IOL implantation had a presenting visual acuity of <6/60 (poor outcome) with the main causes being postoperative complications (53%) and uncorrected refractive error (29%). Conclusion Between 2005 and 2016 there was a doubling in cataract surgical rate, a 7 times increase in cataract surgical coverage (<3/60), and a decrease in cataract blindness and the proportion of eyes being couched. However, there remains a high prevalence of un-operated cataract in 2016 indicating a need to further improve access to affordable and good quality cataract surgical services. This study was conducted to assess the impact of the eye care programme on cataract blindness and cataract surgical services in Sokoto, Nigeria over a 12 year period 2005-2016.Data from the 2005 population based cross-sectional study of blindness in Sokoto state was re-analysed to obtain baseline estimates of the prevalence of cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage for persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone. A population based survey of a representative sample of persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was conducted in July 2016. Data on eye health workforce, infrastructure and cataract surgical services between 2005 and 2016 were analysed from relevant documents.In 2005 the unadjusted prevalence of bilateral cataract blindness (<3/60) in people 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was 5.6% (95% CI: 3.1, 10.1). By 2016 this had fallen to 2.1% (95% CI 1.5%, 2.7%), with the age-sex adjusted prevalence being 1.9% (95% CI 1.3%, 2.5%). The CSC for persons with visual acuity <3/60, <6/60, <6/18 for Wurno health zone was 9.1%, 7.1% and 5.5% respectively in 2005 and this had increased to 67.3%, 62.1% and 34.7% respectively in 2016. The CSR in Sokoto state increased from 272 (1005 operations) in 2006, to 596 (2799 operations) in 2014. In the 2005 survey, couching (a procedure used by traditional practitioners to dislocate the lens into the vitreous cavity) accounted for 87.5% of all cataract interventions, compared to 45.8% in the 2016 survey participants. In 2016 18% of eyes having a cataract operation with IOL implantation had a presenting visual acuity of <6/60 (poor outcome) with the main causes being postoperative complications (53%) and uncorrected refractive error (29%).Between 2005 and 2016 there was a doubling in cataract surgical rate, a 7 times increase in cataract surgical coverage (<3/60), and a decrease in cataract blindness and the proportion of eyes being couched. However, there remains a high prevalence of un-operated cataract in 2016 indicating a need to further improve access to affordable and good quality cataract surgical services. This study was conducted to assess the impact of the eye care programme on cataract blindness and cataract surgical services in Sokoto, Nigeria over a 12 year period 2005-2016. Data from the 2005 population based cross-sectional study of blindness in Sokoto state was re-analysed to obtain baseline estimates of the prevalence of cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage for persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone. A population based survey of a representative sample of persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was conducted in July 2016. Data on eye health workforce, infrastructure and cataract surgical services between 2005 and 2016 were analysed from relevant documents. In 2005 the unadjusted prevalence of bilateral cataract blindness (<3/60) in people 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was 5.6% (95% CI: 3.1, 10.1). By 2016 this had fallen to 2.1% (95% CI 1.5%, 2.7%), with the age-sex adjusted prevalence being 1.9% (95% CI 1.3%, 2.5%). The CSC for persons with visual acuity <3/60, <6/60, <6/18 for Wurno health zone was 9.1%, 7.1% and 5.5% respectively in 2005 and this had increased to 67.3%, 62.1% and 34.7% respectively in 2016. The CSR in Sokoto state increased from 272 (1005 operations) in 2006, to 596 (2799 operations) in 2014. In the 2005 survey, couching (a procedure used by traditional practitioners to dislocate the lens into the vitreous cavity) accounted for 87.5% of all cataract interventions, compared to 45.8% in the 2016 survey participants. In 2016 18% of eyes having a cataract operation with IOL implantation had a presenting visual acuity of <6/60 (poor outcome) with the main causes being postoperative complications (53%) and uncorrected refractive error (29%). Between 2005 and 2016 there was a doubling in cataract surgical rate, a 7 times increase in cataract surgical coverage (<3/60), and a decrease in cataract blindness and the proportion of eyes being couched. However, there remains a high prevalence of un-operated cataract in 2016 indicating a need to further improve access to affordable and good quality cataract surgical services. Purpose This study was conducted to assess the impact of the eye care programme on cataract blindness and cataract surgical services in Sokoto, Nigeria over a 12 year period 2005–2016. Methods Data from the 2005 population based cross-sectional study of blindness in Sokoto state was re-analysed to obtain baseline estimates of the prevalence of cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage for persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone. A population based survey of a representative sample of persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was conducted in July 2016. Data on eye health workforce, infrastructure and cataract surgical services between 2005 and 2016 were analysed from relevant documents. Results In 2005 the unadjusted prevalence of bilateral cataract blindness (<3/60) in people 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was 5.6% (95% CI: 3.1, 10.1). By 2016 this had fallen to 2.1% (95% CI 1.5%, 2.7%), with the age-sex adjusted prevalence being 1.9% (95% CI 1.3%, 2.5%). The CSC for persons with visual acuity <3/60, <6/60, <6/18 for Wurno health zone was 9.1%, 7.1% and 5.5% respectively in 2005 and this had increased to 67.3%, 62.1% and 34.7% respectively in 2016. The CSR in Sokoto state increased from 272 (1005 operations) in 2006, to 596 (2799 operations) in 2014. In the 2005 survey, couching (a procedure used by traditional practitioners to dislocate the lens into the vitreous cavity) accounted for 87.5% of all cataract interventions, compared to 45.8% in the 2016 survey participants. In 2016 18% of eyes having a cataract operation with IOL implantation had a presenting visual acuity of <6/60 (poor outcome) with the main causes being postoperative complications (53%) and uncorrected refractive error (29%). Conclusion Between 2005 and 2016 there was a doubling in cataract surgical rate, a 7 times increase in cataract surgical coverage (<3/60), and a decrease in cataract blindness and the proportion of eyes being couched. However, there remains a high prevalence of un-operated cataract in 2016 indicating a need to further improve access to affordable and good quality cataract surgical services. PURPOSEThis study was conducted to assess the impact of the eye care programme on cataract blindness and cataract surgical services in Sokoto, Nigeria over a 12 year period 2005-2016.METHODSData from the 2005 population based cross-sectional study of blindness in Sokoto state was re-analysed to obtain baseline estimates of the prevalence of cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage for persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone. A population based survey of a representative sample of persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was conducted in July 2016. Data on eye health workforce, infrastructure and cataract surgical services between 2005 and 2016 were analysed from relevant documents.RESULTSIn 2005 the unadjusted prevalence of bilateral cataract blindness (<3/60) in people 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was 5.6% (95% CI: 3.1, 10.1). By 2016 this had fallen to 2.1% (95% CI 1.5%, 2.7%), with the age-sex adjusted prevalence being 1.9% (95% CI 1.3%, 2.5%). The CSC for persons with visual acuity <3/60, <6/60, <6/18 for Wurno health zone was 9.1%, 7.1% and 5.5% respectively in 2005 and this had increased to 67.3%, 62.1% and 34.7% respectively in 2016. The CSR in Sokoto state increased from 272 (1005 operations) in 2006, to 596 (2799 operations) in 2014. In the 2005 survey, couching (a procedure used by traditional practitioners to dislocate the lens into the vitreous cavity) accounted for 87.5% of all cataract interventions, compared to 45.8% in the 2016 survey participants. In 2016 18% of eyes having a cataract operation with IOL implantation had a presenting visual acuity of <6/60 (poor outcome) with the main causes being postoperative complications (53%) and uncorrected refractive error (29%).CONCLUSIONBetween 2005 and 2016 there was a doubling in cataract surgical rate, a 7 times increase in cataract surgical coverage (<3/60), and a decrease in cataract blindness and the proportion of eyes being couched. However, there remains a high prevalence of un-operated cataract in 2016 indicating a need to further improve access to affordable and good quality cataract surgical services. |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Maishanu, Nuhu Mohammed Caleb, Mpyet Bascaran, Covadonga Foster, Allen Jabo, Aliyu Mohammed Adamu, Mohammed Dantani Rabiu, Muhammad Mansur Muhammad, Nasiru Isiyaku, Sunday |
AuthorAffiliation | 3 Sightsavers, Kaduna, Nigeria 4 Kilimanjaro Centre for Community Ophthalmology International, Division of Ophthalmology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa 2 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria 7 Prevention of Blindness Union, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 5 Sokoto state eye health programme, Ministry of Health, Sokoto, Nigeria 6 Helen Keller International, Abuja, Nigeria 8 Clinical Research Department, International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom National Eye Institute, UNITED STATES |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria – name: 5 Sokoto state eye health programme, Ministry of Health, Sokoto, Nigeria – name: 6 Helen Keller International, Abuja, Nigeria – name: 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria – name: National Eye Institute, UNITED STATES – name: 7 Prevention of Blindness Union, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia – name: 8 Clinical Research Department, International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom – name: 3 Sightsavers, Kaduna, Nigeria – name: 4 Kilimanjaro Centre for Community Ophthalmology International, Division of Ophthalmology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Nasiru surname: Muhammad fullname: Muhammad, Nasiru organization: Department of Ophthalmology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria – sequence: 2 givenname: Mohammed Dantani surname: Adamu fullname: Adamu, Mohammed Dantani organization: Department of Ophthalmology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria – sequence: 3 givenname: Mpyet surname: Caleb fullname: Caleb, Mpyet organization: Kilimanjaro Centre for Community Ophthalmology International, Division of Ophthalmology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa – sequence: 4 givenname: Nuhu Mohammed surname: Maishanu fullname: Maishanu, Nuhu Mohammed organization: Sokoto state eye health programme, Ministry of Health, Sokoto, Nigeria – sequence: 5 givenname: Aliyu Mohammed surname: Jabo fullname: Jabo, Aliyu Mohammed organization: Helen Keller International, Abuja, Nigeria – sequence: 6 givenname: Muhammad Mansur surname: Rabiu fullname: Rabiu, Muhammad Mansur organization: Prevention of Blindness Union, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia – sequence: 7 givenname: Covadonga surname: Bascaran fullname: Bascaran, Covadonga organization: Clinical Research Department, International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom – sequence: 8 givenname: Sunday surname: Isiyaku fullname: Isiyaku, Sunday organization: Sightsavers, Kaduna, Nigeria – sequence: 9 givenname: Allen orcidid: 0000-0003-2368-4436 surname: Foster fullname: Foster, Allen organization: Clinical Research Department, International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28817733$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_4103_NJM_NJM_187_21 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjgh_2018_000846 crossref_primary_10_3389_fopht_2024_1294651 crossref_primary_10_1136_bjophthalmol_2019_314572 crossref_primary_10_1080_09286586_2021_1900279 crossref_primary_10_4103_njbcs_njbcs_7_20 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0294371 crossref_primary_10_4103_meajo_MEAJO_113_17 |
Cites_doi | 10.1186/s12913-015-0831-2 10.3109/09286586.2012.759597 10.4103/0974-9233.80700 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303905 10.1136/bjo.2005.068791 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.08.025 10.1080/09286580802399078 10.1097/ICU.0b013e3282f154bd 10.1371/journal.pmed.0040217 10.4103/1596-3519.96859 |
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References_xml | – volume: 15 start-page: 1 year: 2015 ident: ref12 article-title: Direct non-medical costs double the total direct costs to patients undergoing cataract surgery in Zamfara state, Northern Nigeria: a case series publication-title: BMC Health Services Research doi: 10.1186/s12913-015-0831-2 contributor: fullname: N Ibrahim – ident: ref1 – ident: ref4 – ident: ref3 – volume: 20 start-page: 89 issue: 2 year: 2013 ident: ref9 article-title: Changing scenario of cataract blindness in Kolar District, Karnataka, South India. The utility of rapid assessment of avoidable blindness in reviewing programs publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol doi: 10.3109/09286586.2012.759597 contributor: fullname: BS Guruprasad – volume: 18 start-page: 123 issue: 2 year: 2011 ident: ref2 article-title: Prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment in Sokoto state, Nigeria: baseline data for VISION 2020: the Right to Sight eye care programme publication-title: Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol doi: 10.4103/0974-9233.80700 contributor: fullname: N Muhammad – volume: 98 start-page: 1325 issue: 10 year: 2014 ident: ref18 article-title: Rethinking eye health systems to achieve universal coverage: the role of research publication-title: Br J Ophthalmol doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303905 contributor: fullname: K Blanchet – ident: ref5 – volume: 19 start-page: 68 issue: 60 year: 2006 ident: ref6 article-title: Rapid assessment of avoidable blindness publication-title: Community Eye Health contributor: fullname: H Kuper – volume: 13 start-page: 35 issue: 35 year: 2000 ident: ref15 article-title: What do we mean by cataract outcomes? publication-title: Community Eye Health contributor: fullname: L Dandona – year: 1988 ident: ref7 article-title: Coding instructions for the WHO/PBL eye examination record (version III) – volume: 89 start-page: 1237 issue: 10 year: 2005 ident: ref13 article-title: Increasing cataract surgery to meet Vision 2020 targets; experience from two rural programmes in east Africa publication-title: Br J Ophthalmol doi: 10.1136/bjo.2005.068791 contributor: fullname: S Lewallen – volume: 118 start-page: 719 issue: 4 year: 2011 ident: ref14 article-title: Outcome of cataract surgery in Nigeria: visual acuity, autorefraction, and optimal intraocular lens powers—results from the Nigeria national survey publication-title: Ophthalmology doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.08.025 contributor: fullname: AU Imam – volume: 15 start-page: 359 issue: 6 year: 2008 ident: ref8 article-title: Rapid Assessment of Cataract Surgical Services in Birnin-Kebbi Local Government Area of Kebbi State, Nigeria publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol doi: 10.1080/09286580802399078 contributor: fullname: MM Rabiu – volume: 19 start-page: 55 issue: 1 year: 2008 ident: ref16 article-title: Cataract surgery for the developing world publication-title: Curr Opin Ophthalmol doi: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e3282f154bd contributor: fullname: G Tabin – volume: 4 start-page: e217 issue: 7 year: 2007 ident: ref10 article-title: Rapid assessment of avoidable blindness in Western Rwanda: blindness in a postconflict setting publication-title: PLOS Med doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0040217 contributor: fullname: W Mathenge – volume: 11 start-page: 125 issue: 3 year: 2012 ident: ref11 article-title: Review of the publications of the Nigeria national blindness survey: methodology, prevalence, causes of blindness and visual impairment and outcome of cataract surgery publication-title: Ann Afr Med doi: 10.4103/1596-3519.96859 contributor: fullname: MM Rabiu – ident: ref17 |
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Snippet | This study was conducted to assess the impact of the eye care programme on cataract blindness and cataract surgical services in Sokoto, Nigeria over a 12 year... Purpose This study was conducted to assess the impact of the eye care programme on cataract blindness and cataract surgical services in Sokoto, Nigeria over a... PURPOSEThis study was conducted to assess the impact of the eye care programme on cataract blindness and cataract surgical services in Sokoto, Nigeria over a... Purpose This study was conducted to assess the impact of the eye care programme on cataract blindness and cataract surgical services in Sokoto, Nigeria over a... |
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SubjectTerms | Acuity Aged Annual reports Biology and Life Sciences Blindness Blindness - etiology Blindness - physiopathology Care and treatment Cataract - complications Cataract - physiopathology Cataract extraction Cataract Extraction - economics Cataract Extraction - utilization Cataracts Complications Cross-Sectional Studies Dislocations Eye Eye (anatomy) Eye lens Eye surgery Health Care Costs Health Services Accessibility History, 21st Century Humans Hygiene Implantation Local government Medicine and Health Sciences Middle Aged Nigeria - epidemiology Population studies Prevalence Social Sciences Studies Surgery Teaching hospitals Visual acuity Visual impairment |
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Title | Changing patterns of cataract services in North-West Nigeria: 2005-2016 |
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