Human walking in the real world: Interactions between terrain type, gait parameters, and energy expenditure

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 16; no. 1; p. e0228682
• Main Authors: Kowalsky, Daniel B., Rebula, John R., Ojeda, Lauro V., Adamczyk, Peter G., Kuo, Arthur D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 13.01.2021; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Acceleration; Adolescent; Adult; Angular velocity; Balance; Bioenergetics; Biology and Life Sciences; Biomechanical Phenomena - physiology; Biomechanics; Biomedical engineering; Carbon dioxide; Computer programs; Data analysis; Drafting software; Editing; Elevation; Energy; Energy costs; Energy expenditure; Energy metabolism; Energy Metabolism - physiology; Engineering and Technology; Engineering research; Environmental aspects; Experiments; Feet; Female; Fitness equipment; Foot - physiology; Gait; Gait - physiology; Gait recognition; Global positioning systems; GPS; Humans; Laboratories; Male; Mechanical engineering; Medicine and Health Sciences; Metabolic rate; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Oxygen; Oxygen consumption; Oxygen Consumption - physiology; Physical Sciences; Physiological aspects; Research and Analysis Methods; Reviews; Software; Terrain; Visualization; Walking; Walking - physiology; Young Adult; United States; Ann Arbor Michigan; United States > US; Michigan

Humans often traverse real-world environments with a variety of surface irregularities and inconsistencies, which can disrupt steady gait and require additional effort. Such effects have, however, scarcely been demonstrated quantitatively, because few laboratory biomechanical measures apply outdoors...