The self-reported clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists as related to smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation
The primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice regarding smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. The study also sought to assess the potential influence of practitioner age, gender, practice...
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| Published in | PloS one Vol. 10; no. 4; p. e0124533 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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United States
Public Library of Science
17.04.2015
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| Abstract | The primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice regarding smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. The study also sought to assess the potential influence of practitioner age, gender, practice location (major city versus regional), therapeutic-endorsement status and personal nutritional supplementation habits upon management practices in these areas.
A survey was electronically distributed to Australian optometrists (n = 4,242). Respondents anonymously provided information about their personal demographics and lifestyle behaviors (i.e., age, gender, practice location, therapeutic-endorsement status, smoking status, nutritional supplement intake) and routine patient management practices with respect to advice across three domains: smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess for potential effects of the listed factors on practitioner behavior.
A total of 283 completed surveys were received (completed survey response rate: 6.7%). Fewer than half of respondents indicated routinely asking their patients about smoking status. Younger practitioners were significantly (p < 0.05) less likely to enquire about patients' smoking behaviors, but this did not extend to counseling for smoking cessation. Almost two-thirds of respondents indicated routinely counseling patients about diet. About half of practitioners specified routinely asking their patients about nutritional supplement intake; this form of questioning was significantly more likely if the respondent was female (p < 0.05). Practitioners who recommended nutritional supplements most commonly did so for age-related macular degeneration (91.2%) and dry eye disease (63.9%). The primary source of evidence used to guide practitioners' nutrition-related patient management was reported to be peer-reviewed publications.
These findings demonstrate that there are no clear predictors of practitioner behavior across the three domains. Overall, this study suggests that there is scope for Australian optometrists to improve their routine engagement by questioning patients, as well as providing evidence-based clinical advice, about smoking status, diet and nutritional supplement behaviors, being key modifiable lifestyle risk factors with long-term implications for eye health. |
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| AbstractList | Objective The primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice regarding smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. The study also sought to assess the potential influence of practitioner age, gender, practice location (major city versus regional), therapeutic-endorsement status and personal nutritional supplementation habits upon management practices in these areas. Methods A survey was electronically distributed to Australian optometrists (n = 4,242). Respondents anonymously provided information about their personal demographics and lifestyle behaviors (i.e., age, gender, practice location, therapeutic-endorsement status, smoking status, nutritional supplement intake) and routine patient management practices with respect to advice across three domains: smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess for potential effects of the listed factors on practitioner behavior. Results A total of 283 completed surveys were received (completed survey response rate: 6.7%). Fewer than half of respondents indicated routinely asking their patients about smoking status. Younger practitioners were significantly (p < 0.05) less likely to enquire about patients' smoking behaviors, but this did not extend to counseling for smoking cessation. Almost two-thirds of respondents indicated routinely counseling patients about diet. About half of practitioners specified routinely asking their patients about nutritional supplement intake; this form of questioning was significantly more likely if the respondent was female (p < 0.05). Practitioners who recommended nutritional supplements most commonly did so for age-related macular degeneration (91.2%) and dry eye disease (63.9%). The primary source of evidence used to guide practitioners' nutrition-related patient management was reported to be peer-reviewed publications. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that there are no clear predictors of practitioner behavior across the three domains. Overall, this study suggests that there is scope for Australian optometrists to improve their routine engagement by questioning patients, as well as providing evidence-based clinical advice, about smoking status, diet and nutritional supplement behaviors, being key modifiable lifestyle risk factors with long-term implications for eye health. The primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice regarding smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. The study also sought to assess the potential influence of practitioner age, gender, practice location (major city versus regional), therapeutic-endorsement status and personal nutritional supplementation habits upon management practices in these areas. A survey was electronically distributed to Australian optometrists (n = 4,242). Respondents anonymously provided information about their personal demographics and lifestyle behaviors (i.e., age, gender, practice location, therapeutic-endorsement status, smoking status, nutritional supplement intake) and routine patient management practices with respect to advice across three domains: smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess for potential effects of the listed factors on practitioner behavior. A total of 283 completed surveys were received (completed survey response rate: 6.7%). Fewer than half of respondents indicated routinely asking their patients about smoking status. Younger practitioners were significantly (p < 0.05) less likely to enquire about patients' smoking behaviors, but this did not extend to counseling for smoking cessation. Almost two-thirds of respondents indicated routinely counseling patients about diet. About half of practitioners specified routinely asking their patients about nutritional supplement intake; this form of questioning was significantly more likely if the respondent was female (p < 0.05). Practitioners who recommended nutritional supplements most commonly did so for age-related macular degeneration (91.2%) and dry eye disease (63.9%). The primary source of evidence used to guide practitioners' nutrition-related patient management was reported to be peer-reviewed publications. These findings demonstrate that there are no clear predictors of practitioner behavior across the three domains. Overall, this study suggests that there is scope for Australian optometrists to improve their routine engagement by questioning patients, as well as providing evidence-based clinical advice, about smoking status, diet and nutritional supplement behaviors, being key modifiable lifestyle risk factors with long-term implications for eye health. The primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice regarding smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. The study also sought to assess the potential influence of practitioner age, gender, practice location (major city versus regional), therapeutic-endorsement status and personal nutritional supplementation habits upon management practices in these areas. A survey was electronically distributed to Australian optometrists (n = 4,242). Respondents anonymously provided information about their personal demographics and lifestyle behaviors (i.e., age, gender, practice location, therapeutic-endorsement status, smoking status, nutritional supplement intake) and routine patient management practices with respect to advice across three domains: smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess for potential effects of the listed factors on practitioner behavior. A total of 283 completed surveys were received (completed survey response rate: 6.7%). Fewer than half of respondents indicated routinely asking their patients about smoking status. Younger practitioners were significantly (p < 0.05) less likely to enquire about patients' smoking behaviors, but this did not extend to counseling for smoking cessation. Almost two-thirds of respondents indicated routinely counseling patients about diet. About half of practitioners specified routinely asking their patients about nutritional supplement intake; this form of questioning was significantly more likely if the respondent was female (p < 0.05). Practitioners who recommended nutritional supplements most commonly did so for age-related macular degeneration (91.2%) and dry eye disease (63.9%). The primary source of evidence used to guide practitioners' nutrition-related patient management was reported to be peer-reviewed publications. These findings demonstrate that there are no clear predictors of practitioner behavior across the three domains. Overall, this study suggests that there is scope for Australian optometrists to improve their routine engagement by questioning patients, as well as providing evidence-based clinical advice, about smoking status, diet and nutritional supplement behaviors, being key modifiable lifestyle risk factors with long-term implications for eye health. The primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice regarding smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. The study also sought to assess the potential influence of practitioner age, gender, practice location (major city versus regional), therapeutic-endorsement status and personal nutritional supplementation habits upon management practices in these areas.OBJECTIVEThe primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice regarding smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. The study also sought to assess the potential influence of practitioner age, gender, practice location (major city versus regional), therapeutic-endorsement status and personal nutritional supplementation habits upon management practices in these areas.A survey was electronically distributed to Australian optometrists (n = 4,242). Respondents anonymously provided information about their personal demographics and lifestyle behaviors (i.e., age, gender, practice location, therapeutic-endorsement status, smoking status, nutritional supplement intake) and routine patient management practices with respect to advice across three domains: smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess for potential effects of the listed factors on practitioner behavior.METHODSA survey was electronically distributed to Australian optometrists (n = 4,242). Respondents anonymously provided information about their personal demographics and lifestyle behaviors (i.e., age, gender, practice location, therapeutic-endorsement status, smoking status, nutritional supplement intake) and routine patient management practices with respect to advice across three domains: smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess for potential effects of the listed factors on practitioner behavior.A total of 283 completed surveys were received (completed survey response rate: 6.7%). Fewer than half of respondents indicated routinely asking their patients about smoking status. Younger practitioners were significantly (p < 0.05) less likely to enquire about patients' smoking behaviors, but this did not extend to counseling for smoking cessation. Almost two-thirds of respondents indicated routinely counseling patients about diet. About half of practitioners specified routinely asking their patients about nutritional supplement intake; this form of questioning was significantly more likely if the respondent was female (p < 0.05). Practitioners who recommended nutritional supplements most commonly did so for age-related macular degeneration (91.2%) and dry eye disease (63.9%). The primary source of evidence used to guide practitioners' nutrition-related patient management was reported to be peer-reviewed publications.RESULTSA total of 283 completed surveys were received (completed survey response rate: 6.7%). Fewer than half of respondents indicated routinely asking their patients about smoking status. Younger practitioners were significantly (p < 0.05) less likely to enquire about patients' smoking behaviors, but this did not extend to counseling for smoking cessation. Almost two-thirds of respondents indicated routinely counseling patients about diet. About half of practitioners specified routinely asking their patients about nutritional supplement intake; this form of questioning was significantly more likely if the respondent was female (p < 0.05). Practitioners who recommended nutritional supplements most commonly did so for age-related macular degeneration (91.2%) and dry eye disease (63.9%). The primary source of evidence used to guide practitioners' nutrition-related patient management was reported to be peer-reviewed publications.These findings demonstrate that there are no clear predictors of practitioner behavior across the three domains. Overall, this study suggests that there is scope for Australian optometrists to improve their routine engagement by questioning patients, as well as providing evidence-based clinical advice, about smoking status, diet and nutritional supplement behaviors, being key modifiable lifestyle risk factors with long-term implications for eye health.CONCLUSIONSThese findings demonstrate that there are no clear predictors of practitioner behavior across the three domains. Overall, this study suggests that there is scope for Australian optometrists to improve their routine engagement by questioning patients, as well as providing evidence-based clinical advice, about smoking status, diet and nutritional supplement behaviors, being key modifiable lifestyle risk factors with long-term implications for eye health. ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice regarding smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. The study also sought to assess the potential influence of practitioner age, gender, practice location (major city versus regional), therapeutic-endorsement status and personal nutritional supplementation habits upon management practices in these areas.MethodsA survey was electronically distributed to Australian optometrists (n = 4,242). Respondents anonymously provided information about their personal demographics and lifestyle behaviors (i.e., age, gender, practice location, therapeutic-endorsement status, smoking status, nutritional supplement intake) and routine patient management practices with respect to advice across three domains: smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess for potential effects of the listed factors on practitioner behavior.ResultsA total of 283 completed surveys were received (completed survey response rate: 6.7%). Fewer than half of respondents indicated routinely asking their patients about smoking status. Younger practitioners were significantly (p < 0.05) less likely to enquire about patients' smoking behaviors, but this did not extend to counseling for smoking cessation. Almost two-thirds of respondents indicated routinely counseling patients about diet. About half of practitioners specified routinely asking their patients about nutritional supplement intake; this form of questioning was significantly more likely if the respondent was female (p < 0.05). Practitioners who recommended nutritional supplements most commonly did so for age-related macular degeneration (91.2%) and dry eye disease (63.9%). The primary source of evidence used to guide practitioners' nutrition-related patient management was reported to be peer-reviewed publications.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that there are no clear predictors of practitioner behavior across the three domains. Overall, this study suggests that there is scope for Australian optometrists to improve their routine engagement by questioning patients, as well as providing evidence-based clinical advice, about smoking status, diet and nutritional supplement behaviors, being key modifiable lifestyle risk factors with long-term implications for eye health. Objective The primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice regarding smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. The study also sought to assess the potential influence of practitioner age, gender, practice location (major city versus regional), therapeutic-endorsement status and personal nutritional supplementation habits upon management practices in these areas. Methods A survey was electronically distributed to Australian optometrists (n = 4,242). Respondents anonymously provided information about their personal demographics and lifestyle behaviors (i.e., age, gender, practice location, therapeutic-endorsement status, smoking status, nutritional supplement intake) and routine patient management practices with respect to advice across three domains: smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess for potential effects of the listed factors on practitioner behavior. Results A total of 283 completed surveys were received (completed survey response rate: 6.7%). Fewer than half of respondents indicated routinely asking their patients about smoking status. Younger practitioners were significantly (p < 0.05) less likely to enquire about patients’ smoking behaviors, but this did not extend to counseling for smoking cessation. Almost two-thirds of respondents indicated routinely counseling patients about diet. About half of practitioners specified routinely asking their patients about nutritional supplement intake; this form of questioning was significantly more likely if the respondent was female (p < 0.05). Practitioners who recommended nutritional supplements most commonly did so for age-related macular degeneration (91.2%) and dry eye disease (63.9%). The primary source of evidence used to guide practitioners’ nutrition-related patient management was reported to be peer-reviewed publications. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that there are no clear predictors of practitioner behavior across the three domains. Overall, this study suggests that there is scope for Australian optometrists to improve their routine engagement by questioning patients, as well as providing evidence-based clinical advice, about smoking status, diet and nutritional supplement behaviors, being key modifiable lifestyle risk factors with long-term implications for eye health. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Keller, Peter Richard Downie, Laura Elizabeth |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Macular Research Unit, Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3002 1 Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 3010 Save Sight Institute, AUSTRALIA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Macular Research Unit, Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3002 – name: 1 Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 3010 – name: Save Sight Institute, AUSTRALIA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Laura Elizabeth surname: Downie fullname: Downie, Laura Elizabeth organization: Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 3010 – sequence: 2 givenname: Peter Richard surname: Keller fullname: Keller, Peter Richard organization: Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 3010; Macular Research Unit, Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3002 |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25886641$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_017_04697_3 crossref_primary_10_1111_opo_12353 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu11040823 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu14214652 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10389_023_01859_8 crossref_primary_10_3390_vision8020022 crossref_primary_10_1111_cxo_12936 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_3813004 crossref_primary_10_1111_opo_12801 crossref_primary_10_1111_opo_12349 crossref_primary_10_1111_opo_12754 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu11123031 crossref_primary_10_1080_08164622_2021_1898275 crossref_primary_10_1111_opo_12970 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu11040817 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2018_024774 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12041179 crossref_primary_10_1111_opo_12615 crossref_primary_10_1080_08164622_2022_2102409 crossref_primary_10_1097_OPX_0000000000000653 crossref_primary_10_1097_OPX_0000000000001555 crossref_primary_10_1093_ntr_nty066 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12913_019_4493_3 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0228858 |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science 2015 Downie, Keller. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2015 Downie, Keller 2015 Downie, Keller |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: COPYRIGHT 2015 Public Library of Science – notice: 2015 Downie, Keller. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: 2015 Downie, Keller 2015 Downie, Keller |
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| DocumentTitleAlternate | Self-Reported Practices of Optometrists in Relation to Smoking & Diet |
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| Editor | Madigan, Michele |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Conceived and designed the experiments: LED PRK. Performed the experiments: LED PRK. Analyzed the data: LED PRK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LED PRK. Wrote the paper: LED PRK. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. |
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| References | JP SanGiovanni (ref9) 2007; 125 JC Wojtowicz (ref45) 2011; 30 DM Cockburn (ref16) 2005; 88 LE Downie (ref7) 2014; 91 T Carroll (ref6) 2003; 12 HR Coleman (ref27) 2008; 372 LE Downie (ref24) 2013; 90 (ref14) 2013; 309 LHN Sheck (ref18) 2009; 92 JM Seddon (ref10) 1994; 272 T Lancaster (ref38) 2004; 3 A Olenik (ref43) 2013; 8 NP Rotstein (ref41) 1997; 69 WG Christen (ref1) 1992; 268 ref48 JR Evans (ref8) 2012; 11 W Smith (ref31) 2001; 108 ref47 JM Seddon (ref4) 1996; 276 ref49 JP SanGiovanni (ref40) 2005; 24 C Thompson (ref20) 2007; 27 ref34 ref37 S Handa (ref5) 2011; 25 A Galor (ref26) 2012; 22 DLS Loo (ref17) 2009; 92 AJ Caban-Martinez (ref21) 2011; 8 JC Khan (ref29) 2006; 90 BMJ Merle (ref12) 2013; 143 I Jalbert (ref46) 2013; 117 (ref13) 2001; 119 ME Verbiest (ref36) 2014; 16 C Augood (ref11) 2008; 88 SE Hankinson (ref2) 1992; 268 N Druesne-Pecollo (ref15) 2010; 127 ML Klein (ref32) 2011; 129 J Thornton (ref30) 2005; 19 J Brûlé (ref22) 2012; 95 ref23 JR Evans (ref28) 2005; 89 ref25 B Unim (ref35) 2013; 49 PS Bernstein (ref39) 2010; 50 JG Lawrenson (ref19) 2013; 13 F Brignole-Baudouin (ref44) 2011; 89 H Kangari (ref42) 2013; 120 MW Swanson (ref33) 2014; 91 R Klein (ref3) 1993; 137 |
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| Snippet | The primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice regarding... Objective The primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice... ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice... Objective The primary aim of this study was to examine the self-reported, routine clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists with respect to advice... |
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| Title | The self-reported clinical practice behaviors of Australian optometrists as related to smoking, diet and nutritional supplementation |
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