Serum IgG antibody levels to periodontal microbiota are associated with incident Alzheimer disease

Periodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident AD. Using a case-cohort study design, 219 subjects (110 incident AD cases and 109 controls without incident cognitive impai...

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Published inPloS one Vol. 9; no. 12; p. e114959
Main Authors Noble, James M, Scarmeas, Nikolaos, Celenti, Romanita S, Elkind, Mitchell S V, Wright, Clinton B, Schupf, Nicole, Papapanou, Panos N
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Public Library of Science 18.12.2014
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects
Actinomyces
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Alzheimer Disease - blood
Alzheimer Disease - epidemiology
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimers disease
Analysis
Antibodies, Bacterial - blood
Apolipoprotein E
Bacteria
Biofilms
Campylobacter
Case-Control Studies
Cognitive ability
Dementia
Dentistry
Diabetes mellitus
Epidemiology
Ethnicity
Female
Gum disease
Humans
Hypertension
IgG antibody
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulins
Incidence
Male
Medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Minority & ethnic groups
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurology
Older people
Oral hygiene
Periodontitis
Periodontitis - blood
Periodontitis - epidemiology
Periodontitis - microbiology
Phlebotomy
Public health
Risk
Smoking
Stroke
Surgeons
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Abstract Periodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident AD. Using a case-cohort study design, 219 subjects (110 incident AD cases and 109 controls without incident cognitive impairment at last follow-up), matched on race-ethnicity, were drawn from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a cohort of longitudinally followed northern Manhattan residents aged >65 years. Mean follow-up was five years (SD 2.6). In baseline sera, serum IgG levels were determined for bacteria known to be positively or negatively associated with periodontitis (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4, Treponema denticola, Campylobacter rectus, Eubacterium nodatum, and Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies-2). In all analyses, we used antibody threshold levels shown to correlate with presence of moderate-severe periodontitis. Mean age was 72 years (SD 6.9) for controls, and 79 years (SD 4.6) for cases (p<0.001). Non-Hispanic Whites comprised 26%, non-Hispanic Blacks 27%, and Hispanics 48% of the sample. In a model adjusting for baseline age, sex, education, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, prior history of stroke, and apolipoprotein E genotype, high anti-A. naeslundii titer (>640 ng/ml, present in 10% of subjects) was associated with increased risk of AD (HR = 2.0, 95%CI: 1.1-3.8). This association was stronger after adjusting for other significant titers (HR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.5-6.4). In this model, high anti-E. nodatum IgG (>1755 ng/ml; 19% of subjects) was associated with lower risk of AD (HR = 0.5, 95%CI: 0.2-0.9). Serum IgG levels to common periodontal microbiota are associated with risk for developing incident AD.
AbstractList Background Periodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident AD. Methods Using a case-cohort study design, 219 subjects (110 incident AD cases and 109 controls without incident cognitive impairment at last follow-up), matched on race-ethnicity, were drawn from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a cohort of longitudinally followed northern Manhattan residents aged >65 years. Mean follow-up was five years (SD 2.6). In baseline sera, serum IgG levels were determined for bacteria known to be positively or negatively associated with periodontitis ( Porphyromonas gingivalis , Tannerella forsythia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4, Treponema denticola, Campylobacter rectus, Eubacterium nodatum, and Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies-2). In all analyses, we used antibody threshold levels shown to correlate with presence of moderate-severe periodontitis. Results Mean age was 72 years (SD 6.9) for controls, and 79 years (SD 4.6) for cases (p<0.001). Non-Hispanic Whites comprised 26%, non-Hispanic Blacks 27%, and Hispanics 48% of the sample. In a model adjusting for baseline age, sex, education, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, prior history of stroke, and apolipoprotein E genotype, high anti- A. naeslundii titer (>640 ng/ml, present in 10% of subjects) was associated with increased risk of AD (HR = 2.0, 95%CI: 1.1–3.8). This association was stronger after adjusting for other significant titers (HR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.5–6.4). In this model, high anti- E. nodatum IgG (>1755 ng/ml; 19% of subjects) was associated with lower risk of AD (HR = 0.5, 95%CI: 0.2–0.9). Conclusions Serum IgG levels to common periodontal microbiota are associated with risk for developing incident AD.
Periodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident AD. Using a case-cohort study design, 219 subjects (110 incident AD cases and 109 controls without incident cognitive impairment at last follow-up), matched on race-ethnicity, were drawn from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a cohort of longitudinally followed northern Manhattan residents aged >65 years. Mean follow-up was five years (SD 2.6). In baseline sera, serum IgG levels were determined for bacteria known to be positively or negatively associated with periodontitis (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4, Treponema denticola, Campylobacter rectus, Eubacterium nodatum, and Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies-2). In all analyses, we used antibody threshold levels shown to correlate with presence of moderate-severe periodontitis. Mean age was 72 years (SD 6.9) for controls, and 79 years (SD 4.6) for cases (p<0.001). Non-Hispanic Whites comprised 26%, non-Hispanic Blacks 27%, and Hispanics 48% of the sample. In a model adjusting for baseline age, sex, education, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, prior history of stroke, and apolipoprotein E genotype, high anti-A. naeslundii titer (>640 ng/ml, present in 10% of subjects) was associated with increased risk of AD (HR = 2.0, 95%CI: 1.1-3.8). This association was stronger after adjusting for other significant titers (HR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.5-6.4). In this model, high anti-E. nodatum IgG (>1755 ng/ml; 19% of subjects) was associated with lower risk of AD (HR = 0.5, 95%CI: 0.2-0.9). Serum IgG levels to common periodontal microbiota are associated with risk for developing incident AD.
BACKGROUNDPeriodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident AD. METHODSUsing a case-cohort study design, 219 subjects (110 incident AD cases and 109 controls without incident cognitive impairment at last follow-up), matched on race-ethnicity, were drawn from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a cohort of longitudinally followed northern Manhattan residents aged >65 years. Mean follow-up was five years (SD 2.6). In baseline sera, serum IgG levels were determined for bacteria known to be positively or negatively associated with periodontitis (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4, Treponema denticola, Campylobacter rectus, Eubacterium nodatum, and Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies-2). In all analyses, we used antibody threshold levels shown to correlate with presence of moderate-severe periodontitis. RESULTSMean age was 72 years (SD 6.9) for controls, and 79 years (SD 4.6) for cases (p<0.001). Non-Hispanic Whites comprised 26%, non-Hispanic Blacks 27%, and Hispanics 48% of the sample. In a model adjusting for baseline age, sex, education, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, prior history of stroke, and apolipoprotein E genotype, high anti-A. naeslundii titer (>640 ng/ml, present in 10% of subjects) was associated with increased risk of AD (HR = 2.0, 95%CI: 1.1-3.8). This association was stronger after adjusting for other significant titers (HR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.5-6.4). In this model, high anti-E. nodatum IgG (>1755 ng/ml; 19% of subjects) was associated with lower risk of AD (HR = 0.5, 95%CI: 0.2-0.9). CONCLUSIONSSerum IgG levels to common periodontal microbiota are associated with risk for developing incident AD.
Background Periodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident AD. Methods Using a case-cohort study design, 219 subjects (110 incident AD cases and 109 controls without incident cognitive impairment at last follow-up), matched on race-ethnicity, were drawn from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a cohort of longitudinally followed northern Manhattan residents aged >65 years. Mean follow-up was five years (SD 2.6). In baseline sera, serum IgG levels were determined for bacteria known to be positively or negatively associated with periodontitis (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4, Treponema denticola, Campylobacter rectus, Eubacterium nodatum, and Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies-2). In all analyses, we used antibody threshold levels shown to correlate with presence of moderate-severe periodontitis. Results Mean age was 72 years (SD 6.9) for controls, and 79 years (SD 4.6) for cases (p<0.001). Non-Hispanic Whites comprised 26%, non-Hispanic Blacks 27%, and Hispanics 48% of the sample. In a model adjusting for baseline age, sex, education, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, prior history of stroke, and apolipoprotein E genotype, high anti-A. naeslundii titer (>640 ng/ml, present in 10% of subjects) was associated with increased risk of AD (HR = 2.0, 95%CI: 1.1–3.8). This association was stronger after adjusting for other significant titers (HR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.5–6.4). In this model, high anti-E. nodatum IgG (>1755 ng/ml; 19% of subjects) was associated with lower risk of AD (HR = 0.5, 95%CI: 0.2–0.9). Conclusions Serum IgG levels to common periodontal microbiota are associated with risk for developing incident AD.
Periodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident AD. Using a case-cohort study design, 219 subjects (110 incident AD cases and 109 controls without incident cognitive impairment at last follow-up), matched on race-ethnicity, were drawn from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a cohort of longitudinally followed northern Manhattan residents aged >65 years. Mean follow-up was five years (SD 2.6). In baseline sera, serum IgG levels were determined for bacteria known to be positively or negatively associated with periodontitis (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4, Treponema denticola, Campylobacter rectus, Eubacterium nodatum, and Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies-2). In all analyses, we used antibody threshold levels shown to correlate with presence of moderate-severe periodontitis. Mean age was 72 years (SD 6.9) for controls, and 79 years (SD 4.6) for cases (p<0.001). Non-Hispanic Whites comprised 26%, non-Hispanic Blacks 27%, and Hispanics 48% of the sample. In a model adjusting for baseline age, sex, education, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, prior history of stroke, and apolipoprotein E genotype, high anti-A. naeslundii titer (>640 ng/ml, present in 10% of subjects) was associated with increased risk of AD (HR = 2.0, 95%CI: 1.1-3.8). This association was stronger after adjusting for other significant titers (HR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.5-6.4). In this model, high anti-E. nodatum IgG (>1755 ng/ml; 19% of subjects) was associated with lower risk of AD (HR = 0.5, 95%CI: 0.2-0.9). Serum IgG levels to common periodontal microbiota are associated with risk for developing incident AD.
Audience Academic
Author Schupf, Nicole
Papapanou, Panos N
Noble, James M
Scarmeas, Nikolaos
Celenti, Romanita S
Wright, Clinton B
Elkind, Mitchell S V
AuthorAffiliation 4 Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
2 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
3 Department of Social Medicine, Psychiatry, and Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
6 Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology & Public Health Sciences, and the Neuroscience Program, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
5 Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
1 Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
Boston University, United States of America
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
– name: 6 Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology & Public Health Sciences, and the Neuroscience Program, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
– name: 4 Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
– name: 5 Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
– name: 1 Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
– name: 3 Department of Social Medicine, Psychiatry, and Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
– name: Boston University, United States of America
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: James M
  surname: Noble
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  organization: Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
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  surname: Scarmeas
  fullname: Scarmeas, Nikolaos
  organization: Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America; Department of Social Medicine, Psychiatry, and Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Romanita S
  surname: Celenti
  fullname: Celenti, Romanita S
  organization: Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Mitchell S V
  surname: Elkind
  fullname: Elkind, Mitchell S V
  organization: Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Clinton B
  surname: Wright
  fullname: Wright, Clinton B
  organization: Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology & Public Health Sciences, and the Neuroscience Program, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Nicole
  surname: Schupf
  fullname: Schupf, Nicole
  organization: Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Panos N
  surname: Papapanou
  fullname: Papapanou, Panos N
  organization: Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25522313$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Conceived and designed the experiments: JMN N. Scarmeas MSVE CBW N. Schupf PNP. Performed the experiments: JMN PNP RSC. Analyzed the data: JMN N. Scarmeas N. Schupf PNP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RSC PNP N. Schupf JMN. Wrote the paper: JMN N. Scarmeas RSC N. Schupf MSVE CBW PNP. Study supervision: JMN PNP.
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Snippet Periodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as possible...
Background Periodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as...
BACKGROUNDPeriodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as...
Background Periodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as...
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StartPage e114959
SubjectTerms Actinomyces
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Alzheimer Disease - blood
Alzheimer Disease - epidemiology
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimers disease
Analysis
Antibodies, Bacterial - blood
Apolipoprotein E
Bacteria
Biofilms
Campylobacter
Case-Control Studies
Cognitive ability
Dementia
Dentistry
Diabetes mellitus
Epidemiology
Ethnicity
Female
Gum disease
Humans
Hypertension
IgG antibody
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulins
Incidence
Male
Medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Minority & ethnic groups
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurology
Older people
Oral hygiene
Periodontitis
Periodontitis - blood
Periodontitis - epidemiology
Periodontitis - microbiology
Phlebotomy
Public health
Risk
Smoking
Stroke
Surgeons
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Title Serum IgG antibody levels to periodontal microbiota are associated with incident Alzheimer disease
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25522313
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1638003822
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1639975456
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC4270775
https://doaj.org/article/1e2c4ea3f61a44c3bdcb05d786add53b
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114959
Volume 9
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