Molecular characterization of multidrug resistant hospital isolates using the antimicrobial resistance determinant microarray

Molecular methods that enable the detection of antimicrobial resistance determinants are critical surveillance tools that are necessary to aid in curbing the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this study, we describe the use of the Antimicrobial Resistance Determinant Microarray (ARDM) that targets...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inPloS one Vol. 8; no. 7; p. e69507
Main Authors Leski, Tomasz A, Vora, Gary J, Barrows, Brian R, Pimentel, Guillermo, House, Brent L, Nicklasson, Matilda, Wasfy, Momtaz, Abdel-Maksoud, Mohamed, Taitt, Chris Rowe
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Public Library of Science 25.07.2013
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects
DNA
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Loading…
Abstract Molecular methods that enable the detection of antimicrobial resistance determinants are critical surveillance tools that are necessary to aid in curbing the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this study, we describe the use of the Antimicrobial Resistance Determinant Microarray (ARDM) that targets 239 unique genes that confer resistance to 12 classes of antimicrobial compounds, quaternary amines and streptothricin for the determination of multidrug resistance (MDR) gene profiles. Fourteen reference MDR strains, which either were genome, sequenced or possessed well characterized drug resistance profiles were used to optimize detection algorithms and threshold criteria to ensure the microarray's effectiveness for unbiased characterization of antimicrobial resistance determinants in MDR strains. The subsequent testing of Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae hospital isolates revealed the presence of several antibiotic resistance genes [e.g. belonging to TEM, SHV, OXA and CTX-M classes (and OXA and CTX-M subfamilies) of β-lactamases] and their assemblages which were confirmed by PCR and DNA sequence analysis. When combined with results from the reference strains, ~25% of the ARDM content was confirmed as effective for representing allelic content from both Gram-positive and -negative species. Taken together, the ARDM identified MDR assemblages containing six to 18 unique resistance genes in each strain tested, demonstrating its utility as a powerful tool for molecular epidemiological investigations of antimicrobial resistance in clinically relevant bacterial pathogens.
AbstractList Molecular methods that enable the detection of antimicrobial resistance determinants are critical surveillance tools that are necessary to aid in curbing the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this study, we describe the use of the Antimicrobial Resistance Determinant Microarray (ARDM) that targets 239 unique genes that confer resistance to 12 classes of antimicrobial compounds, quaternary amines and streptothricin for the determination of multidrug resistance (MDR) gene profiles. Fourteen reference MDR strains, which either were genome, sequenced or possessed well characterized drug resistance profiles were used to optimize detection algorithms and threshold criteria to ensure the microarray's effectiveness for unbiased characterization of antimicrobial resistance determinants in MDR strains. The subsequent testing of Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae hospital isolates revealed the presence of several antibiotic resistance genes [e.g. belonging to TEM, SHV, OXA and CTX-M classes (and OXA and CTX-M subfamilies) of β-lactamases] and their assemblages which were confirmed by PCR and DNA sequence analysis. When combined with results from the reference strains, ∼25% of the ARDM content was confirmed as effective for representing allelic content from both Gram-positive and –negative species. Taken together, the ARDM identified MDR assemblages containing six to 18 unique resistance genes in each strain tested, demonstrating its utility as a powerful tool for molecular epidemiological investigations of antimicrobial resistance in clinically relevant bacterial pathogens.
Molecular methods that enable the detection of antimicrobial resistance determinants are critical surveillance tools that are necessary to aid in curbing the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this study, we describe the use of the Antimicrobial Resistance Determinant Microarray (ARDM) that targets 239 unique genes that confer resistance to 12 classes of antimicrobial compounds, quaternary amines and streptothricin for the determination of multidrug resistance (MDR) gene profiles. Fourteen reference MDR strains, which either were genome, sequenced or possessed well characterized drug resistance profiles were used to optimize detection algorithms and threshold criteria to ensure the microarray's effectiveness for unbiased characterization of antimicrobial resistance determinants in MDR strains. The subsequent testing of Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae hospital isolates revealed the presence of several antibiotic resistance genes [e.g. belonging to TEM, SHV, OXA and CTX-M classes (and OXA and CTX-M subfamilies) of β-lactamases] and their assemblages which were confirmed by PCR and DNA sequence analysis. When combined with results from the reference strains, ~25% of the ARDM content was confirmed as effective for representing allelic content from both Gram-positive and -negative species. Taken together, the ARDM identified MDR assemblages containing six to 18 unique resistance genes in each strain tested, demonstrating its utility as a powerful tool for molecular epidemiological investigations of antimicrobial resistance in clinically relevant bacterial pathogens.
Molecular methods that enable the detection of antimicrobial resistance determinants are critical surveillance tools that are necessary to aid in curbing the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this study, we describe the use of the Antimicrobial Resistance Determinant Microarray (ARDM) that targets 239 unique genes that confer resistance to 12 classes of antimicrobial compounds, quaternary amines and streptothricin for the determination of multidrug resistance (MDR) gene profiles. Fourteen reference MDR strains, which either were genome, sequenced or possessed well characterized drug resistance profiles were used to optimize detection algorithms and threshold criteria to ensure the microarray's effectiveness for unbiased characterization of antimicrobial resistance determinants in MDR strains. The subsequent testing of Acinetobacter baumannii , Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae hospital isolates revealed the presence of several antibiotic resistance genes [e.g. belonging to TEM, SHV, OXA and CTX-M classes (and OXA and CTX-M subfamilies) of β-lactamases] and their assemblages which were confirmed by PCR and DNA sequence analysis. When combined with results from the reference strains, ∼25% of the ARDM content was confirmed as effective for representing allelic content from both Gram-positive and –negative species. Taken together, the ARDM identified MDR assemblages containing six to 18 unique resistance genes in each strain tested, demonstrating its utility as a powerful tool for molecular epidemiological investigations of antimicrobial resistance in clinically relevant bacterial pathogens.
Molecular methods that enable the detection of antimicrobial resistance determinants are critical surveillance tools that are necessary to aid in curbing the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this study, we describe the use of the Antimicrobial Resistance Determinant Microarray (ARDM) that targets 239 unique genes that confer resistance to 12 classes of antimicrobial compounds, quaternary amines and streptothricin for the determination of multidrug resistance (MDR) gene profiles. Fourteen reference MDR strains, which either were genome, sequenced or possessed well characterized drug resistance profiles were used to optimize detection algorithms and threshold criteria to ensure the microarray's effectiveness for unbiased characterization of antimicrobial resistance determinants in MDR strains. The subsequent testing of Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae hospital isolates revealed the presence of several antibiotic resistance genes [e.g. belonging to TEM, SHV, OXA and CTX-M classes (and OXA and CTX-M subfamilies) of [beta]-lactamases] and their assemblages which were confirmed by PCR and DNA sequence analysis. When combined with results from the reference strains, ~25% of the ARDM content was confirmed as effective for representing allelic content from both Gram-positive and -negative species. Taken together, the ARDM identified MDR assemblages containing six to 18 unique resistance genes in each strain tested, demonstrating its utility as a powerful tool for molecular epidemiological investigations of antimicrobial resistance in clinically relevant bacterial pathogens.
Audience Academic
Author Pimentel, Guillermo
Nicklasson, Matilda
House, Brent L
Barrows, Brian R
Taitt, Chris Rowe
Wasfy, Momtaz
Abdel-Maksoud, Mohamed
Leski, Tomasz A
Vora, Gary J
AuthorAffiliation 1 Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America
2 National Research Council Postdoctoral Associate at US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America
University of Malaya, Malaysia
3 US Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, Cairo, Egypt
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: University of Malaya, Malaysia
– name: 3 US Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, Cairo, Egypt
– name: 1 Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America
– name: 2 National Research Council Postdoctoral Associate at US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Tomasz A
  surname: Leski
  fullname: Leski, Tomasz A
  organization: Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States of America
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Gary J
  surname: Vora
  fullname: Vora, Gary J
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Brian R
  surname: Barrows
  fullname: Barrows, Brian R
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Guillermo
  surname: Pimentel
  fullname: Pimentel, Guillermo
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Brent L
  surname: House
  fullname: House, Brent L
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Matilda
  surname: Nicklasson
  fullname: Nicklasson, Matilda
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Momtaz
  surname: Wasfy
  fullname: Wasfy, Momtaz
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Mohamed
  surname: Abdel-Maksoud
  fullname: Abdel-Maksoud, Mohamed
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Chris Rowe
  surname: Taitt
  fullname: Taitt, Chris Rowe
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23936031$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNqNk1uL1DAUx4usuBf9BqIFQfRhxqRp0_RFWBYvAysL3l7DaXoykyHTjEkqruB3NzPTWWZkH6QPDSe__z_JuZxnJ73rMcueUjKlrKZvlm7wPdjpOoWnhPCmIvWD7Iw2rJjwgrCTg_Vpdh7CkpCKCc4fZacFaxgnjJ5lfz45i2qw4HO1AA8qoje_IRrX507nq8FG0_lhnnsMJkToY75wYW0i2NwEZyFiyIdg-nkeF5infbMyyrvWJGCvUZh3mIxXpt8YbAHwHm4fZw812IBPxv9F9u39u69XHyfXNx9mV5fXE8WbIk4KBK5LTkWhW1EJLpoOy0LxUhOhEdta61YpWrQcGBZM6ZpA2WlCGihJxQW7yJ7vfNfWBTlmLkhaFrWgTFQ0EbMd0TlYyrU3K_C30oGR24Dzcwk-GmVRll1dEoWFproqeVO36XJI20owaEVaJK-342lDu8JOYR892CPT453eLOTc_ZSsToWhVTJ4NRp492PAEOXKBIXWQo9u2N6bUE4aXib0xT_o_a8bqTmkB5heu3Su2pjKy7IWoqGEbrym91Dp6zCVLLWZNil-JHh9JEhMxF9xDkMIcvbl8_-zN9-P2ZcH7ALBxkXqtWHTleEYLHdgaqgQPOq7JFMiN1Oyz4bcTIkcpyTJnh0W6E60Hwv2FzUPEss
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ab_2019_113405
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_017_18972_w
crossref_primary_10_1038_srep27930
crossref_primary_10_1128_msphere_01020_21
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0231829
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_017_18506_4
crossref_primary_10_3389_frabi_2023_1126468
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csbj_2022_12_041
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jgar_2015_05_006
crossref_primary_10_1128_AAC_01897_13
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0178880
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_meegid_2017_09_019
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms21165928
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms21051669
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_micpath_2023_106066
Cites_doi 10.1248/bpb.28.1505
10.1089/mdr.2010.0063
10.1111/j.1348-0421.2011.00323.x
10.1128/JB.06749-11
10.1093/jac/dkq095
10.1093/jac/dkp256
10.1002/elan.200603603
10.1016/j.aca.2010.09.007
10.1128/JCM.06115-11
10.1093/jac/dkp453
10.1093/jac/dkp431
10.1128/JB.184.6.1712-1721.2002
10.1128/AAC.46.6.2054-2055.2002
10.1128/JCM.43.9.4862-4864.2005
10.1093/jac/dkp255
10.3855/jidc.386
10.1128/JCM.43.5.2291-2302.2005
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.01.010
10.1016/j.ajic.2011.04.009
10.1093/jac/dki074
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.11.017
10.1186/1471-2458-11-S2-S8
10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.04.004
10.4315/0362-028X-72.3.624
10.1128/JB.187.7.2426-2438.2005
10.1111/j.1348-0421.2009.00168.x
10.1093/jac/dkg101
10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04403-2
10.1186/1471-2334-9-84
10.1128/JCM.01943-07
10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00273.x
10.1128/JCM.02607-10
10.1111/j.1348-0421.2012.00429.x
10.1128/JCM.01771-09
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.01.007
10.1089/mdr.2009.0082
10.1186/1476-0711-7-12
10.1089/mdr.2006.9998
10.1038/nm1347
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.08.015
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.05.019
10.1126/science.1080613
10.1016/S0924-8579(07)70870-1
10.1128/AAC.39.1.185
10.1186/1756-0500-2-76
10.1101/gad.1510307
10.1089/mdr.2012.0008
10.3109/00365540903493715
10.1128/AAC.44.9.2382-2388.2000
10.1093/jac/dkq049
10.1292/jvms.09-0538
10.1089/mdr.1995.1.195
10.1128/AAC.01574-05
10.1128/JCM.41.8.3542-3547.2003
10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.11.021
10.1371/journal.pgen.0020007
10.1159/000321242
10.1016/j.mib.2010.09.006
10.1111/j.1863-2378.2010.01358.x
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright COPYRIGHT 2013 Public Library of Science
2013. This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
2013
Copyright_xml – notice: COPYRIGHT 2013 Public Library of Science
– notice: 2013. This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: 2013
DBID CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
AAYXX
CITATION
IOV
ISR
3V.
7QG
7QL
7QO
7RV
7SN
7SS
7T5
7TG
7TM
7U9
7X2
7X7
7XB
88E
8AO
8C1
8FD
8FE
8FG
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABJCF
ABUWG
AFKRA
ARAPS
ATCPS
AZQEC
BBNVY
BENPR
BGLVJ
BHPHI
C1K
CCPQU
D1I
DWQXO
FR3
FYUFA
GHDGH
GNUQQ
H94
HCIFZ
K9.
KB.
KB0
KL.
L6V
LK8
M0K
M0S
M1P
M7N
M7P
M7S
NAPCQ
P5Z
P62
P64
PATMY
PDBOC
PIMPY
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
PTHSS
PYCSY
RC3
7X8
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0069507
DatabaseName Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
CrossRef
Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints
Gale In Context: Science
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Animal Behavior Abstracts
Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)
Biotechnology Research Abstracts
Nursing & Allied Health Database
Ecology Abstracts
Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)
Immunology Abstracts
Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
Nucleic Acids Abstracts
Virology and AIDS Abstracts
Agricultural Science Collection
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Pharma Collection
Public Health Database
Technology Research Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Technology Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
Materials Science & Engineering Collection
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Databases
Technology Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Materials Science Collection
ProQuest Central
Engineering Research Database
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central Student
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Materials Science Database
Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)
Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic
ProQuest Engineering Collection
Biological Sciences
Agriculture Science Database
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)
PML(ProQuest Medical Library)
Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)
Biological Science Database
Engineering Database
Nursing & Allied Health Premium
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
Environmental Science Database
Materials Science Collection
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
Engineering Collection
Environmental Science Collection
Genetics Abstracts
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
CrossRef
Agricultural Science Database
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
Nucleic Acids Abstracts
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Central China
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
Health Research Premium Collection
Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
Natural Science Collection
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
Engineering Collection
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
Engineering Database
Virology and AIDS Abstracts
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
Agricultural Science Collection
ProQuest Hospital Collection
ProQuest Technology Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
Biological Science Database
Ecology Abstracts
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
Environmental Science Collection
Entomology Abstracts
Nursing & Allied Health Premium
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Environmental Science Database
ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source (Alumni)
Engineering Research Database
ProQuest One Academic
Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic
Technology Collection
Technology Research Database
Materials Science Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Pharma Collection
ProQuest Central
Genetics Abstracts
ProQuest Engineering Collection
Biotechnology Research Abstracts
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Korea
Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)
Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)
Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
Materials Science Database
ProQuest Materials Science Collection
ProQuest Public Health
ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source
ProQuest SciTech Collection
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
ProQuest Medical Library
Animal Behavior Abstracts
Materials Science & Engineering Collection
Immunology Abstracts
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList Agricultural Science Database
MEDLINE





Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 3
  dbid: EIF
  name: MEDLINE
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 4
  dbid: 8FG
  name: ProQuest Technology Collection
  url: https://search.proquest.com/technologycollection1
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Sciences (General)
Medicine
Biology
DocumentTitleAlternate Antimicrobial Resistance Determinant Microarray
EISSN 1932-6203
Editor Sekaran, Shamala Devi
Editor_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Shamala Devi
  surname: Sekaran
  fullname: Sekaran, Shamala Devi
EndPage e69507
ExternalDocumentID 1427813851
oai_doaj_org_article_4d740ce2f1f54697ba6fe1b583ab8e1b
3054328551
A478891014
10_1371_journal_pone_0069507
23936031
Genre Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S
Journal Article
GeographicLocations Egypt
Washington DC
United States--US
Maryland
GeographicLocations_xml – name: Egypt
– name: Maryland
– name: United States--US
– name: Washington DC
GroupedDBID ---
123
29O
2WC
3V.
53G
5VS
7RV
7X2
7X7
7XC
88E
8AO
8C1
8CJ
8FE
8FG
8FH
8FI
8FJ
A8Z
AAFWJ
ABDBF
ABIVO
ABJCF
ABUWG
ACGFO
ACIHN
ACIWK
ACPRK
ADBBV
ADRAZ
AEAQA
AENEX
AFKRA
AFPKN
AFRAH
AHMBA
ALIPV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AOIJS
APEBS
ARAPS
ATCPS
BAWUL
BBNVY
BBORY
BCNDV
BENPR
BGLVJ
BHPHI
BKEYQ
BPHCQ
BVXVI
BWKFM
CCPQU
CGR
CS3
CUY
CVF
D1I
D1J
D1K
DIK
DU5
E3Z
EAP
EAS
EBD
ECM
EIF
EMOBN
ESTFP
ESX
EX3
F5P
FPL
FYUFA
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
HCIFZ
HH5
HMCUK
HYE
IAO
IEA
IHR
IHW
INH
INR
IOV
IPNFZ
IPY
ISE
ISR
ITC
K6-
KB.
KQ8
L6V
LK5
LK8
M0K
M1P
M48
M7P
M7R
M7S
M~E
NAPCQ
NPM
O5R
O5S
OK1
P2P
P62
PATMY
PDBOC
PIMPY
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
PTHSS
PV9
PYCSY
RIG
RNS
RPM
RZL
SV3
TR2
UKHRP
WOQ
WOW
~02
~KM
AAYXX
CITATION
7QG
7QL
7QO
7SN
7SS
7T5
7TG
7TM
7U9
7XB
8FD
8FK
AZQEC
C1K
DWQXO
FR3
GNUQQ
H94
K9.
KL.
M7N
P64
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
RC3
7X8
5PM
-
02
AAPBV
ABPTK
ADACO
BBAFP
KM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-2ea6f46182fb858689de42c64f08feeb7ffbcc12b6a3e23cf70a4df009a405683
IEDL.DBID RPM
ISSN 1932-6203
IngestDate Fri Nov 26 17:14:11 EST 2021
Fri Jul 05 11:48:56 EDT 2024
Tue Sep 17 21:26:17 EDT 2024
Wed Jul 24 14:57:37 EDT 2024
Fri Sep 13 08:08:33 EDT 2024
Thu Feb 22 23:41:04 EST 2024
Fri Feb 02 04:04:38 EST 2024
Thu Aug 01 19:46:05 EDT 2024
Thu Aug 01 19:33:54 EDT 2024
Tue Aug 20 22:14:26 EDT 2024
Fri Aug 23 02:25:07 EDT 2024
Sat Sep 28 07:55:15 EDT 2024
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 7
Language English
License This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.
Creative Commons CC0 public domain
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c692t-2ea6f46182fb858689de42c64f08feeb7ffbcc12b6a3e23cf70a4df009a405683
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Current address: US Naval Medical Research Center-Frederick, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
Current address: Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America
Current address: University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
Conceived and designed the experiments: TAL GJV CRT GP. Performed the experiments: TAL GJV CRT BRB BLH MN MW MAM. Analyzed the data: TAL GJV CRT GP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TAL GJV CRT BRB BLH MN MW MAM. Wrote the paper: TAL GJV CRT. Designed the software used in analysis: TAL.
OpenAccessLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3723915/
PMID 23936031
PQID 1427813851
PQPubID 1436336
PageCount e69507
ParticipantIDs plos_journals_1427813851
doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_4d740ce2f1f54697ba6fe1b583ab8e1b
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_3723915
proquest_miscellaneous_1420160964
proquest_journals_1427813851
gale_infotracmisc_A478891014
gale_infotracacademiconefile_A478891014
gale_incontextgauss_ISR_A478891014
gale_incontextgauss_IOV_A478891014
gale_healthsolutions_A478891014
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0069507
pubmed_primary_23936031
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2013-07-25
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2013-07-25
PublicationDate_xml – month: 07
  year: 2013
  text: 2013-07-25
  day: 25
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace United States
PublicationPlace_xml – name: United States
– name: San Francisco
– name: San Francisco, USA
PublicationTitle PloS one
PublicationTitleAlternate PLoS One
PublicationYear 2013
Publisher Public Library of Science
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publisher_xml – name: Public Library of Science
– name: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
References 16369542 - Nat Med. 2006 Jan;12(1):83-8
20920882 - Curr Opin Microbiol. 2010 Oct;13(5):558-64
23040010 - Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2013 Jan;41(1):90-1
20375036 - J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010 Jun;65(6):1162-70
12019141 - Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002 Jun;46(6):2054-5
11872723 - J Bacteriol. 2002 Mar;184(6):1712-21
22416992 - Microb Drug Resist. 2012 Aug;18(4):364-71
21083822 - Zoonoses Public Health. 2010 Nov;57 Suppl 1:94-9
16145160 - J Clin Microbiol. 2005 Sep;43(9):4862-4
16079502 - Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Aug;28(8):1505-8
21454989 - Med Princ Pract. 2011;20(3):213-9
10952583 - Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Sep;44(9):2382-8
20121649 - Scand J Infect Dis. 2010 Apr;42(4):275-80
19996141 - J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010 Feb;65(2):249-51
20008447 - J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010 Feb;65(2):361-2
16723563 - Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Jun;50(6):2038-41
17536935 - Microb Drug Resist. 2007 Spring;13(1):62-8
16415984 - PLoS Genet. 2006 Jan;2(1):e7
15288309 - Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2004 Aug;24(2):119-24
22500933 - Microbiol Immunol. 2012 Apr;56(4):254-61
19675016 - J Antimicrob Chemother. 2009 Sep;64 Suppl 1:i29-36
9158775 - Microb Drug Resist. 1995 Fall;1(3):195-202
20145377 - J Vet Med Sci. 2010 Jun;72(6):727-34
18243668 - Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2008 May;31(5):440-51
19343954 - J Food Prot. 2009 Mar;72(3):624-30
21325547 - J Clin Microbiol. 2011 Apr;49(4):1608-13
21835504 - Am J Infect Control. 2011 Nov;39(9):e61-5
20200038 - J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010 May;65(5):872-5
22374953 - J Bacteriol. 2012 Mar;194(6):1619-20
12615864 - J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003 Mar;51(3):625-30
7695304 - Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Jan;39(1):185-91
20130382 - J Infect Dev Ctries. 2010 Jan;4(1):58-60
15761065 - J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005 May;55(5):768-72
22322349 - J Clin Microbiol. 2012 May;50(5):1632-9
19375408 - Acta Trop. 2009 Aug;111(2):144-9
21128836 - Microb Drug Resist. 2011 Mar;17(1):67-73
19675017 - J Antimicrob Chemother. 2009 Sep;64 Suppl 1:i3-10
19497111 - BMC Infect Dis. 2009;9:84
12663927 - Science. 2003 Mar 28;299(5615):2071-4
20181912 - J Clin Microbiol. 2010 Apr;48(4):1323-32
15774886 - J Bacteriol. 2005 Apr;187(7):2426-38
19916789 - Microb Drug Resist. 2010 Mar;16(1):9-19
16713187 - Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2006 Jun;27(6):545-8
21338385 - Microbiol Immunol. 2011 May;55(5):318-27
12904353 - J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Aug;41(8):3542-7
18513394 - Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2008;7:12
15872258 - J Clin Microbiol. 2005 May;43(5):2291-302
19419535 - BMC Res Notes. 2009 May 06;2:76
21517914 - FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2011 Sep;35(5):790-819
19903259 - Microbiol Immunol. 2009 Nov;53(11):595-602
20577157 - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Jun 25;59(24):750
20951861 - Anal Chim Acta. 2010 Oct 29;679(1-2):85-90
19128900 - Vet Microbiol. 2009 May 12;136(3-4):397-402
11418146 - Lancet. 2001 Apr 21;357(9264):1225-40
22817914 - Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2012 Sep;40(3):282-4
18094139 - J Clin Microbiol. 2008 Feb;46(2):707-12
21388568 - BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 2:S8
17344419 - Genes Dev. 2007 Mar 1;21(5):601-14
ref14
AM Ahmed (ref41) 2011; 55
M Al-Agamy (ref40) 2006; 13
L Poirel (ref24) 2013; 41
AM Ahmed (ref43) 2009; 136
HW Stokes (ref12) 2011; 35
K Bush (ref1) 2010; 13
J Wojciechowski (ref16) 2010; 679
L Poirel (ref25) 2003; 41
DV Zurawski (ref13) 2012; 194
SK Bouchillon (ref59) 2004; 24
D Szabo (ref33) 2008; 7
S Abdel Ghani (ref37) 2010; 4
K Hansson (ref54) 2002; 184
M Kuroda (ref67) 2001; 357
IT Paulsen (ref69) 2003; 299
H Fang (ref17) 2008; 46
K Veldman (ref47) 2010; 65
ND Hanson (ref4) 2010; 5
N Fam (ref35) 2011; 17
Y Ishida (ref46) 2010; 72
C Levesque (ref52) 1995; 39
B Sallen (ref53) 1995; 1
A El Kholy (ref21) 2003; 51
AM Ahmed (ref45) 2009; 111
W Meyer (ref20) 2011; 11
NA Naiemi (ref31) 2005; 43
MH Mohamed Al-Agamy (ref58) 2006; 27
T Naas (ref8) 2011; 49
V Perreten (ref11) 2005; 43
PE Fournier (ref55) 2006; 2
ref30
K Ojo (ref50) 2002; 46
MG Smith (ref61) 2007; 21
ref32
M Cassone (ref7) 2006; 50
AM Hammad (ref44) 2009; 72
G Kikuvi (ref49) 1983; 13
JK Rasheed (ref63) 2000; 44
T Leski (ref19) 2012; 40
AM Ahmed (ref42) 2012; 56
S Anantham (ref48) 2012; 18
NG Khalaf (ref28) 2009; 9
M Salem (ref57) 2010; 4
M Batchelor (ref9) 2008; 31
L Poirel (ref36) 2007; 29, Suppl 2
SH Ahmed (ref27) 2009; 2
V Post (ref56) 2010; 65
W Ogawa (ref64) 2005; 28
JG Frye (ref10) 2010; 16
F Pasteran (ref26) 2010; 48
PM Hawkey (ref2) 2009; 64 Suppl 1
P Garneau (ref6) 2010; 57 Suppl 1
M Al-Agamy (ref39) 2006; 27
DM Livermore (ref3) 2009; 64 Suppl 1
J Tham (ref60) 2010; 42
T Saied (ref23) 2011; 39
M Al-Agamy (ref29) 2012; 6
P Bogaerts (ref18) 2010; 65
G Al Hashem (ref38) 2011; 20
CG Carvalhaes (ref65) 2010; 65
A Robicsek (ref51) 2006; 12
SR Gill (ref68) 2005; 187
DM Tracz (ref62) 2005; 55
(ref66) 2010; 59
C Lascols (ref5) 2012; 50
N Fam (ref34) 2008; 3
A Hussein (ref22) 2009; 53
KM Roth (ref15) 2006; 18
References_xml – volume: 28
  start-page: 1505
  year: 2005
  ident: ref64
  article-title: Multidrug resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae MGH78578 and cloning of genes responsible for the resistance
  publication-title: Biol Pharm Bull
  doi: 10.1248/bpb.28.1505
  contributor:
    fullname: W Ogawa
– volume: 17
  start-page: 67
  year: 2011
  ident: ref35
  article-title: CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli clinical isolates in Cairo (Egypt), including isolates of clonal complex ST10 and clones ST131, ST73, and ST405 in both community and hospital settings
  publication-title: Microb Drug Resist
  doi: 10.1089/mdr.2010.0063
  contributor:
    fullname: N Fam
– volume: 55
  start-page: 318
  year: 2011
  ident: ref41
  article-title: Molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from bovine mastitis in Egypt
  publication-title: Microbiol Immunol
  doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2011.00323.x
  contributor:
    fullname: AM Ahmed
– volume: 4
  start-page: 398
  year: 2010
  ident: ref57
  article-title: Distribution of classes 1 and 2 integrons among multi drug resistant E. coli isolated from hospitalized patients with urinary tract infection in Cairo, Egypt
  publication-title: Aust J Basic Appl Sci
  contributor:
    fullname: M Salem
– volume: 194
  start-page: 1619
  year: 2012
  ident: ref13
  article-title: Genome sequences of four divergent multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from patients with sepsis or osteomyelitis
  publication-title: J Bacteriol
  doi: 10.1128/JB.06749-11
  contributor:
    fullname: DV Zurawski
– volume: 65
  start-page: 1162
  year: 2010
  ident: ref56
  article-title: Evolution of AbaR-type genomic resistance islands in multiply antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
  publication-title: J Antimicrob Chemother
  doi: 10.1093/jac/dkq095
  contributor:
    fullname: V Post
– volume: 64 Suppl 1
  start-page: i3
  year: 2009
  ident: ref2
  article-title: The changing epidemiology of resistance
  publication-title: J Antimicrob Chemother
  doi: 10.1093/jac/dkp256
  contributor:
    fullname: PM Hawkey
– volume: 18
  start-page: 1982
  year: 2006
  ident: ref15
  article-title: Electrochemical detection of short DNA oligomer hybridization using the CombiMatrix ElectraSense microarray reader
  publication-title: Electroanalysis
  doi: 10.1002/elan.200603603
  contributor:
    fullname: KM Roth
– volume: 679
  start-page: 85
  year: 2010
  ident: ref16
  article-title: Enhancement of deoxyribonucleic acid microarray performance using post-hybridization signal amplification
  publication-title: Anal Chim Acta
  doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.09.007
  contributor:
    fullname: J Wojciechowski
– volume: 6
  start-page: 20
  year: 2012
  ident: ref29
  article-title: Genetic basis of cefotaxime resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Cairo
  publication-title: African J Microbiol Res
  contributor:
    fullname: M Al-Agamy
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1632
  year: 2012
  ident: ref5
  article-title: Using nucleic acid microarrays to perform molecular epidemiology and detect novel β-lactamases: A snapshot of ESBLs throughout the world
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.06115-11
  contributor:
    fullname: C Lascols
– volume: 65
  start-page: 361
  year: 2010
  ident: ref18
  article-title: Emergence of clonally related Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates of sequence type 258 producing KPC-2 carbapenemase in Belgium
  publication-title: J Antimicrob Chemother
  doi: 10.1093/jac/dkp453
  contributor:
    fullname: P Bogaerts
– volume: 65
  start-page: 249
  year: 2010
  ident: ref65
  article-title: Cloverleaf test (modified Hodge test) for detecting carbapenemase production in Klebsiella pneumoniae: be aware of false positive results
  publication-title: J Antimicrob Chemother
  doi: 10.1093/jac/dkp431
  contributor:
    fullname: CG Carvalhaes
– volume: 184
  start-page: 1712
  year: 2002
  ident: ref54
  article-title: IntI2 integron integrase in Tn7
  publication-title: J Bacteriol
  doi: 10.1128/JB.184.6.1712-1721.2002
  contributor:
    fullname: K Hansson
– volume: 46
  start-page: 2054
  year: 2002
  ident: ref50
  article-title: Identification of a complete dfrA14 gene cassette integrated at a secondary site in a resistance plasmid of uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Nigeria
  publication-title: Antimicrob Agents Chemother
  doi: 10.1128/AAC.46.6.2054-2055.2002
  contributor:
    fullname: K Ojo
– volume: 3
  start-page: 84
  year: 2008
  ident: ref34
  article-title: CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum β-lactamases detected from intensive care unit of an Egyptian medical research institute
  publication-title: Res J Med Med Sci
  contributor:
    fullname: N Fam
– volume: 43
  start-page: 4862
  year: 2005
  ident: ref31
  article-title: Widespread transfer of resistance genes between bacterial species in an intensive care unit: implications for hospital epidemiology
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.43.9.4862-4864.2005
  contributor:
    fullname: NA Naiemi
– ident: ref30
– volume: 64 Suppl 1
  start-page: i29
  year: 2009
  ident: ref3
  article-title: Has the era of untreatable infections arrived?
  publication-title: J Antimicrob Chemother
  doi: 10.1093/jac/dkp255
  contributor:
    fullname: DM Livermore
– volume: 4
  start-page: 058
  year: 2010
  ident: ref37
  article-title: First report of CTX-M-14-producing clinical isolates of Salmonella serovar Typhimurium from Egypt
  publication-title: J Infect Dev Ctries
  doi: 10.3855/jidc.386
  contributor:
    fullname: S Abdel Ghani
– volume: 43
  start-page: 2291
  year: 2005
  ident: ref11
  article-title: Microarray-based detection of 90 antibiotic resistance genes of Gram-positive bacteria
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.43.5.2291-2302.2005
  contributor:
    fullname: V Perreten
– volume: 24
  start-page: 119
  year: 2004
  ident: ref59
  article-title: Determining incidence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 38 centres from 17 countries: The PEARLS study 2001–2002
  publication-title: Int J Antimicrob Agents
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.01.010
  contributor:
    fullname: SK Bouchillon
– volume: 39
  start-page: e61
  year: 2011
  ident: ref23
  article-title: Antimicrobial resistance in pathogens causing nosocomial bloodstream infections in university hospitals in Egypt
  publication-title: Am J Infect Control
  doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.04.009
  contributor:
    fullname: T Saied
– volume: 55
  start-page: 768
  year: 2005
  ident: ref62
  article-title: Increase in ampC promoter strength due to mutations and deletion of the attenuator in a clinical isolate of cefoxitin-resistant Escherichia coli as determined by RT-PCR
  publication-title: J Antimicrob Chemother
  doi: 10.1093/jac/dki074
  contributor:
    fullname: DM Tracz
– volume: 31
  start-page: 440
  year: 2008
  ident: ref9
  article-title: Development of a miniaturised microarray-based assay for the rapid identification of antimicrobial resistance genes in Gram-negative bacteria
  publication-title: Int J Antimicrob Agents
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.11.017
  contributor:
    fullname: M Batchelor
– volume: 13
  start-page: 17
  year: 2006
  ident: ref40
  article-title: Detection of chloramphenicol resistance genes in broad spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli strains
  publication-title: N Egypt J Microbiol
  contributor:
    fullname: M Al-Agamy
– volume: 11
  start-page: S8
  year: 2011
  ident: ref20
  article-title: Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in the AFHSC-GEIS network
  publication-title: BMC Public Health
  doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-S2-S8
  contributor:
    fullname: W Meyer
– volume: 111
  start-page: 144
  year: 2009
  ident: ref45
  article-title: Genetic basis of multidrug resistance in Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium isolated from diarrheic calves in Egypt
  publication-title: Acta Tropica
  doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.04.004
  contributor:
    fullname: AM Ahmed
– volume: 72
  start-page: 624
  year: 2009
  ident: ref44
  article-title: Prevalence and molecular characterization of ampicillin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated from traditional Egyptian Domiati cheese
  publication-title: J Food Protect
  doi: 10.4315/0362-028X-72.3.624
  contributor:
    fullname: AM Hammad
– volume: 187
  start-page: 2426
  year: 2005
  ident: ref68
  article-title: Insights on evolution of virulence and resistance from the complete genome analysis of an early methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain and a biofilm-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain
  publication-title: J Bacteriol
  doi: 10.1128/JB.187.7.2426-2438.2005
  contributor:
    fullname: SR Gill
– volume: 53
  start-page: 595
  year: 2009
  ident: ref22
  article-title: Characterization of integrons and antimicrobial resistance genes in clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria from Palestinian hospitals
  publication-title: Microbiol Immunol
  doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2009.00168.x
  contributor:
    fullname: A Hussein
– volume: 51
  start-page: 625
  year: 2003
  ident: ref21
  article-title: Antimicrobial resistance in Cairo, Egypt 1999–2000: A survey of five hospitals
  publication-title: J Antimicrob Chemother
  doi: 10.1093/jac/dkg101
  contributor:
    fullname: A El Kholy
– volume: 357
  start-page: 1225
  year: 2001
  ident: ref67
  article-title: Whole genome sequencing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
  publication-title: Lancet
  doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04403-2
  contributor:
    fullname: M Kuroda
– volume: 5
  start-page: 333
  year: 2010
  ident: ref4
  article-title: Molecular diagnostics could help in coping with hidden β-lactamases
  publication-title: Microbe
  contributor:
    fullname: ND Hanson
– volume: 9
  start-page: 84
  year: 2009
  ident: ref28
  article-title: Characterization of CTX-M ESBLs in Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from Cairo, Egypt
  publication-title: BMC Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-9-84
  contributor:
    fullname: NG Khalaf
– volume: 46
  start-page: 707
  year: 2008
  ident: ref17
  article-title: Molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum β-lactamases among Escherichia coli isolates collected in a Swedish hospital and its associated health care facilities from 2001 to 2006
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.01943-07
  contributor:
    fullname: H Fang
– volume: 35
  start-page: 790
  year: 2011
  ident: ref12
  article-title: Gene flow, mobile genetic elements and the recruitment of antibiotic resistance genes into Gram-negative pathogens
  publication-title: FEMS Microbiol Rev
  doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00273.x
  contributor:
    fullname: HW Stokes
– volume: 49
  start-page: 1608
  year: 2011
  ident: ref8
  article-title: Evaluation of a DNA microarray (Check-MDR CT102) for rapid detection of TEM, SHV, and CTX-M extended-spectrum β-lactamases and of KPC, OXA-48, VIM, IMP, and NDM-1 carbapenemases
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.02607-10
  contributor:
    fullname: T Naas
– volume: 56
  start-page: 254
  year: 2012
  ident: ref42
  article-title: Genetic analysis of multiple antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella isolated from diseased broilers in Egypt
  publication-title: Microbiol Immunol
  doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2012.00429.x
  contributor:
    fullname: AM Ahmed
– volume: 48
  start-page: 1323
  year: 2010
  ident: ref26
  article-title: Controlling false-positive results obtained with the Hodge and Masuda assays for detection of class a carbapenemase in species of Enterobacteriaceae by incorporating boronic acid
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.01771-09
  contributor:
    fullname: F Pasteran
– volume: 27
  start-page: 545
  year: 2006
  ident: ref39
  article-title: First description of CTX-M β-lactamase-producing clinical Escherichia coli isolates from Egypt
  publication-title: Int J Antimicrob Agents
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.01.007
  contributor:
    fullname: M Al-Agamy
– volume: 16
  start-page: 9
  year: 2010
  ident: ref10
  article-title: Development of a DNA microarray to detect antimicrobial resistance genes identified in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database
  publication-title: Microb Drug Resist
  doi: 10.1089/mdr.2009.0082
  contributor:
    fullname: JG Frye
– volume: 7
  start-page: 12
  year: 2008
  ident: ref33
  article-title: Imported PER-1 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, PER-1 producing Acinetobacter baumannii and VIM-2-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in Hungary
  publication-title: Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob
  doi: 10.1186/1476-0711-7-12
  contributor:
    fullname: D Szabo
– volume: 13
  start-page: 62
  year: 1983
  ident: ref49
  article-title: Streptomycin and chloramphenicol resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates from cattle, pigs, and chicken in Kenya
  publication-title: Microb Drug Resist
  doi: 10.1089/mdr.2006.9998
  contributor:
    fullname: G Kikuvi
– volume: 27
  start-page: 545
  year: 2006
  ident: ref58
  article-title: First description of CTX-M β-lactamase-producing clinical Escherichia coli isolates from Egypt
  publication-title: Int J Antimicrob Agents
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.01.007
  contributor:
    fullname: MH Mohamed Al-Agamy
– ident: ref32
– volume: 12
  start-page: 83
  year: 2006
  ident: ref51
  article-title: Fluoroquinolone-modifying enzyme: A new adaptation of a common aminoglyocide acetyltransferase
  publication-title: Nat Med
  doi: 10.1038/nm1347
  contributor:
    fullname: A Robicsek
– volume: 41
  start-page: 90
  year: 2013
  ident: ref24
  article-title: Occurrence of OXA-48 and VIM-1 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Egypt
  publication-title: Int J Antimicrob Agents
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.08.015
  contributor:
    fullname: L Poirel
– volume: 40
  start-page: 282
  year: 2012
  ident: ref19
  article-title: Multidrug resistance determinants from NDM-1 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, United States of America
  publication-title: Int J Antimicrob Agents
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.05.019
  contributor:
    fullname: T Leski
– volume: 299
  start-page: 2071
  year: 2003
  ident: ref69
  article-title: Role of mobile DNA in the evolution of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1080613
  contributor:
    fullname: IT Paulsen
– volume: 29, Suppl 2
  start-page: S276
  year: 2007
  ident: ref36
  article-title: P1029 Explosive emergence of CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum β-lactamase in Enterobacteriaceae in Kuwait
  publication-title: Int J Antimicrob Agents
  doi: 10.1016/S0924-8579(07)70870-1
  contributor:
    fullname: L Poirel
– volume: 39
  start-page: 185
  year: 1995
  ident: ref52
  article-title: PCR mapping of integrons reveals several novel combinations of resistance genes
  publication-title: Antimicrob Agents Chemother
  doi: 10.1128/AAC.39.1.185
  contributor:
    fullname: C Levesque
– volume: 2
  start-page: 76
  year: 2009
  ident: ref27
  article-title: Nosocomial blood stream infection in intensive care units at Assiut University Hospitals (Upper Egypt) with special reference to extended spectrum β-lactamase producing organisms
  publication-title: BMC Res Notes
  doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-2-76
  contributor:
    fullname: SH Ahmed
– volume: 21
  start-page: 601
  year: 2007
  ident: ref61
  article-title: New insights into Acinetobacter baumannii pathogenesis revealed by high-density pyrosequencing and transposon mutagenesis
  publication-title: Genes Dev
  doi: 10.1101/gad.1510307
  contributor:
    fullname: MG Smith
– volume: 18
  start-page: 364
  year: 2012
  ident: ref48
  article-title: pCERC1, a small, globally disseminated plasmid carrying the dfrA14 cassette in the strA gene of the sul2-strA-strB gene cluster
  publication-title: Microb Drug Resist
  doi: 10.1089/mdr.2012.0008
  contributor:
    fullname: S Anantham
– volume: 42
  start-page: 275
  year: 2010
  ident: ref60
  article-title: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in patients with travellers' diarrhoea
  publication-title: Scand J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.3109/00365540903493715
  contributor:
    fullname: J Tham
– volume: 44
  start-page: 2382
  year: 2000
  ident: ref63
  article-title: Characterization of the extended-spectrum β-lactamase reference strain, Klebsiella pneumoniae K6 (ATCC 700603), which produces the novel enzyme SHV-18
  publication-title: Antimicrob Agents Chemother
  doi: 10.1128/AAC.44.9.2382-2388.2000
  contributor:
    fullname: JK Rasheed
– volume: 65
  start-page: 872
  year: 2010
  ident: ref47
  article-title: Characterizatin of multidrug-resistant, qnrB2-positive and extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Salmonella Concord and Salmonella Senftenberg isolates
  publication-title: J Antimicrob Chemother
  doi: 10.1093/jac/dkq049
  contributor:
    fullname: K Veldman
– volume: 72
  start-page: 727
  year: 2010
  ident: ref46
  article-title: Molecular analysis of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from fish farms in Egypt
  publication-title: J Vet Med Sci
  doi: 10.1292/jvms.09-0538
  contributor:
    fullname: Y Ishida
– volume: 1
  start-page: 195
  year: 1995
  ident: ref53
  article-title: Molecular epidemiology of integron-associated antibiotic-resistance genes in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae
  publication-title: Microb Drug Resist
  doi: 10.1089/mdr.1995.1.195
  contributor:
    fullname: B Sallen
– volume: 50
  start-page: 2038
  year: 2006
  ident: ref7
  article-title: DNA microarray for detection of macrolide resistance genes
  publication-title: Antimicrob Agents Chemother
  doi: 10.1128/AAC.01574-05
  contributor:
    fullname: M Cassone
– volume: 41
  start-page: 3542
  year: 2003
  ident: ref25
  article-title: Outbreak of extended-spectrum β-lactamase VEB-1-producing isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in a French hospital
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.41.8.3542-3547.2003
  contributor:
    fullname: L Poirel
– volume: 136
  start-page: 397
  year: 2009
  ident: ref43
  article-title: Genetic analysis of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from diarrheic neonatal calves
  publication-title: Vet Microbiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.11.021
  contributor:
    fullname: AM Ahmed
– volume: 59
  start-page: 750
  year: 2010
  ident: ref66
  article-title: Detection of Enterobacteriaceae isolates carrying metallo-β-lactamase - United States, 2010
  publication-title: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
– volume: 2
  start-page: e7
  year: 2006
  ident: ref55
  article-title: Comparative genomics of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii
  publication-title: PLoS Genet
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.0020007
  contributor:
    fullname: PE Fournier
– volume: 20
  start-page: 213
  year: 2011
  ident: ref38
  article-title: Sequence analysis of blaCTX-M genes carried by clinically significant Escherichia coli isolates in Kuwait hospitals
  publication-title: Med Princip Pract
  doi: 10.1159/000321242
  contributor:
    fullname: G Al Hashem
– volume: 13
  start-page: 558
  year: 2010
  ident: ref1
  article-title: Alarming β-lactamase-mediated resistance in multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae
  publication-title: Curr Opin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2010.09.006
  contributor:
    fullname: K Bush
– volume: 57 Suppl 1
  start-page: 94
  year: 2010
  ident: ref6
  article-title: Use of a bacterial antimicrobial resistance gene microarray for the identification of resistant Staphylococcus aureus
  publication-title: Zoonoses Public Health
  doi: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2010.01358.x
  contributor:
    fullname: P Garneau
– ident: ref14
SSID ssj0053866
Score 2.253669
Snippet Molecular methods that enable the detection of antimicrobial resistance determinants are critical surveillance tools that are necessary to aid in curbing the...
SourceID plos
doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
gale
crossref
pubmed
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
StartPage e69507
SubjectTerms Acinetobacter baumannii
Acinetobacter baumannii - drug effects
Acinetobacter baumannii - enzymology
Acinetobacter baumannii - genetics
Acinetobacter baumannii - isolation & purification
Acinetobacter Infections - drug therapy
Acinetobacter Infections - epidemiology
Acinetobacter Infections - microbiology
Algorithms
Amines
Analysis
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antibiotic resistance
Antibiotics
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Antimicrobial agents
Antimicrobial resistance
Bacteria
beta-Lactamases - genetics
beta-Lactamases - metabolism
Biology
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Determinants
DNA
DNA microarrays
DNA sequencing
DNA, Bacterial - analysis
DNA, Bacterial - genetics
Drug resistance
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - genetics
E coli
Egypt - epidemiology
Enterobacteriaceae
Enterococcus faecalis
Epidemiology
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli - drug effects
Escherichia coli - enzymology
Escherichia coli - genetics
Escherichia coli - isolation & purification
Escherichia coli Infections - drug therapy
Escherichia coli Infections - epidemiology
Escherichia coli Infections - microbiology
Evolution
Genes
Genomes
Genomics
Humans
Klebsiella
Klebsiella Infections - drug therapy
Klebsiella Infections - epidemiology
Klebsiella Infections - microbiology
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumoniae - drug effects
Klebsiella pneumoniae - enzymology
Klebsiella pneumoniae - genetics
Klebsiella pneumoniae - isolation & purification
Laboratories
Medical research
Medicine
Microbial drug resistance
Multidrug resistance
Multidrug resistant organisms
Nucleotide sequence
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis - methods
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Quaternary
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus infections
Strains (organisms)
Streptothricin
Urogenital system
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9QwELbQnrggyquBFgxCAg6hieO1nWNBVAWpIAFFvUW2Y29XgmS12T30wH9nxnHCBlWCA7doPYmy87C_UWa-IeS5KJGXSulUl1akcB7L1GjD0tJmrgB8KkqP_c5nH8XpOf9wMb_YGfWFNWE9PXCvuCNeS55Zx3zu55DKSaOFd7mZq0IbBRdh983nQzLV78EQxULERrlC5kfRLq9XbeOwkquc4_jYnYMo8PWPu_Js9b3troOcf1ZO7hxFJ7fJrYgh6XH_7nvkhmvukL0YpR19GamkX90lP8-G6bfUjszMfeMlbT0N1YT1erugkHQjkGw29DIOEqFL8EoEohRL4xcUgCKF9eWPZaBuAoHhHuto_buohgYBvV7rq3vk_OTd17enaRy4kFqw2SZlDpTLBaQc3iiwkyprx5kV3GfKO2ek98banBmhC8cK62Wmee0BpmnAfUIV98msARXvE8q8QiJ4kSmec8u15rLwUnPNXVkDykpIOmi_WvW8GlX4uCYhH-nVWKG1qmithLxBE42yyIodfgBfqaKvVH_zlYQ8QQNXfYvpGNvVMc4QKHFqcUKeBQlkxmiw9Gaht11Xvf_07R-EvnyeCL2IQr4FV7E6tjvAf0LGrYnkwUQS4ttOlvfRHQetdJCsManyAqAy3Dm46PXLT8dlfCiW0zWu3QYZZBYsBTz9Qe_Ro2aREw9HjydETnx9ovrpSrO8DMTkhWQ4b-Dh_7DVI3KThckjSCRyQGab9dYdAv7bmMch1H8Bw0hdBQ
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– databaseName: ProQuest Databases
  dbid: BENPR
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV3Nb9MwFLdGd-GCGF8rDDAICTiENolrJyfUjU0dUgcqDO0W2Y7dVYKkNOmBA_877zlOtqAJcYvilyh5H_ZL_N7vR8grniIuVSIDmWoewHosAiVVFKR6bGLIT3lqsd95fsZn5-zjxeRih8zaXhgsq2znRDdR56XGf-SjEDkhwhgShJFU-BdA16P3658B8kfhPqsn07hFdqOQ4Ybt7uHx2edFOytDXHPuW-diEY68pd6ty8JgbVc6QULZa0uTQ_Dv5unB-ntZ3ZSE_l1LeW1xOrlL7viskk4bN9gjO6a4R_Z83Fb0jQeXfnuf_J63fLj0qMNqbloxaWmp68fNN9slXZgKU8uipi21CD0FP8XUlLo6AwqpI50W9erHyoE5gUB7jTb0w1WZDZ2jgNxs5K8H5Pzk-OvRLPAUDIEGK9ZBZCS3jMNHiFUJWC5Jc8MizZkdJ9YYJaxVWoeR4jI2UaytGEuWW0jcJGSCPIkfkkEBKt4nNLIJQsPzccJCppmUTMRWSCaZSXPIu4YkaLWfrRukjcxttwn4QmnUmKG1Mm-tITlEE3WyiJPtTpSbZebDLmO5YGNtIhvaCeOpUPA6JlSTJJYqgYMheY4Gzpqm0y7asymyCqTIYzwkL50EYmUUWIyzlNuqyk4_ffsPoS-LntBrL2RL9F_pGyDgnRCDqyd50JOEiNe94X10x1YrVXYVG3Bl66I3D7_ohvGmWGBXmHLrZBBrMOVw90eNR3eaRZQ8JCMfEtHz9Z7q-yPF6tJBlcciQgaCx_9-rCfkduRYRhA05IAM6s3WPIVcr1bPfBj_AW0_V4U
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
– databaseName: Scholars Portal Open Access Journals
  dbid: M48
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1Lb9QwELaq5cIFUV5NKWAQEnBIlTheOzkgtBSqFmlBKizqLXIce1mpTbZJVqIH_jszzgOCFqm31XpsyfOIP8sz3xDyUiTISxUrXyVa-HAeSz9TGfMTHZgI8KlILNY7zz-LkwX_dD493yF9z9ZOgfXWqx32k1pUF4c_r67fQcC_dV0bZNhPOlyXhcE8rWSK5eW3GI84-vycD-8KEN3u9RJRiy9YEHXFdP9bZXRYOU7_4cs9WV-U9TZY-m925V_H1fFdcqfDmXTWOsYu2THFPbLbRXJNX3d002_uk1_zvkMuPRrYm9viTFpa6ip082qzpGemRrBZNLRvNkJPwXMRrFKXeUABTNJZ0awuV47eCQT6OdrQD38Sb-gcBVRVqesHZHH88dvRid81ZfA12LXxmVHCcgHXEpvFYMs4yQ1nWnAbxNaYTFqbaR2yTKjIsEhbGSieW4ByCrChiKOHZFKAivcIZTZGsngRxDzkmivFZWSl4oqbJAck5hG_1366brk3UvcAJ-HO0qoxRWulnbU88h5NNMgic7b7o6yWaReIKc8lD7RhNrRTLhKZwXZMmE3jSGUx_PDIMzRw2pahDvGfzrDPQIKdjT3ywkkge0aB6TlLtanr9PTL9xsIfT0bCb3qhGwJrqJVVxIBe0JWrpHkwUgSvgF6NLyH7thrpYYLHZNxGAGchpm9i24ffj4M46KYcleYcuNkkH0wEbD6o9ajB80ibx62J_eIHPn6SPXjkWL1w5GXR5JhT4L9G2_9MbnNXAsSZBQ5IJOm2pgnAASb7KmL7d_rm15A
  priority: 102
  providerName: Scholars Portal
Title Molecular characterization of multidrug resistant hospital isolates using the antimicrobial resistance determinant microarray
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23936031
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1427813851/abstract/
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1420160964
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3723915
https://doaj.org/article/4d740ce2f1f54697ba6fe1b583ab8e1b
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069507
Volume 8
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1Lj9MwELZ2i0BcEFseW1iKQUjAIW0Tu3Zy7JaWXaQuq8Ki3iLHtUulbVL1cdgD_HZmnAcE7QFxsaJ4HDWeGftzM_MNIW9EhLxUofJUpIUH-7H0EpUEXqR7hgE-FZHFfOfJhTi74p9m_dkB6Ze5MC5oXyfLTnq96qTL7y62cr3S3TJOrHs5GTIZIK9595AcSsbKI3q-_IIDC1HkyDHpdwuVdNZZajCIKwIAhAzALGJYYLm2HTnW_mptbqyvs-1twPPv-Mk_NqTxQ_KgQJJ0kP_iI3Jg0ia5m9eWvGmSe5Piq3mTHBUOvKXvCpbp94_Ij0lZGJcOK9LmPCeTZpa6xNz5Zr-gU7NFjJnuaFljhJ6DwSJGpS7ggAKGpIN0t1wtHasTCJRjtKEffsfb0AkKqM1G3TwmV-PR1-GZV9Ri8DSoc-cFRgnLBZxGbBKCCsNobnigBbe90BqTSGsTrf0gEYqZgGkre4rPLSA4BZBQhOwJaaSggmNCAxsiR7zohdznmivFJbNSccVNNAcA1iJeqZJ4nVNuxO67m4SjSj63MWozLrTZIqeot0oWCbPdjWyziAuziflc8p42gfVtn4tIJvA6xk_6IVNJCBct8hK1HufZp5XbxwMsLxBhQeMWee0kkDQjxaichdpvt_H552__IPRlWhN6WwjZDOxHqyITAt4Jybhqkic1SXB9Xes-RhstZ2UL57hAhj4DFA0jS7u9vftV1Y0PxUi71GR7J4Okg5GApz_Nzbya2dJpWkTWHKA29fUecGHHWV647LP_Hvmc3A9cJRIkFjkhjd1mb14AHtwlbVgFZhLacOhjO_7YJndORxeX07b7hwXaCQ-x_Tlqu7XiFzVlaLU
link.rule.ids 230,315,733,786,790,870,891,2115,2236,12083,12250,12792,21416,24346,27957,27958,31754,31755,33301,33302,33408,33409,33779,33780,43345,43614,43635,43840,53827,53829,74102,74371,74392,74659
linkProvider National Library of Medicine
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV3Nb9MwFLegHOCCGF8rDGYQEnAIy4drJydUClML65DGhnazHMculSApTXvgwP_Oe46TLWhC3KL4JUreh_2cvPf7EfKCZ4hLlapAZZoHsB6LIFd5HGQ6NAnkpzyz2O88P-bTM_bxfHTuP7jVvqyynRPdRF1UGr-RH0TICRElkCC8Xf0MkDUK_656Co3r5AZLYKHBTvFJV-IBscy5b5dLRHTgrfNmVZUG67myEZLIXlqOHGp_NzcPVt-r-qrE8-_6yUsL0uEdcttnknTcmH6HXDPlXbLjY7Wmrzyg9Ot75Pe85cClkw6fuWm_pJWlrge3WG8X9MTUmE6WG9rSidAZ-Camo9TVFlBIF-m43Cx_LB2AEwi012hD31-U1tA5Cqj1Wv26T84OP5xOpoGnXQg0WG4TxEZxyzhsPGyegrXSrDAs1pzZMLXG5MLaXOsozrlKTJxoK0LFCgvJmoLsj6fJAzIoQcW7hMY2RTh4HqYsYpopxURihWKKmayAXGtIglb7ctWga0j3i03ArqRRo0RrSW-tIXmHJupkERvbnajWC-lDTbJCsFCb2EZ2BJt_kcPrmCgfpYnKUzgYkn00sGwaTbsIl2NkEsiQu3hInjsJxMcosQBnobZ1LWefv_6H0JeTntBLL2QrcBWtfNMDvBPibvUk93qSEOW6N7yL7thqpZYX8QBXti569fCzbhhvikV1pam2TgbxBTMOd3_YeHSnWUTGQwLyIRE9X--pvj9SLr85ePJExMg68Ojfj7VPbk5P50fyaHb86TG5FTuWEQQN2SODzXprnkCut8mfuoD-A7_OVR0
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1bb9MwFLagSIgXxLitMJhBSMBDaC6unTyhsjGtQAcaDPXNchy7VIKkNO0DD_x3znGcbEET4q2qT6LmXOzPzfH3EfKMZ8hLlapAZZoHsB6LIFd5HGQ6NAngU55ZPO88O-HHZ-zdfDz3_U-1b6ts50Q3UReVxv_IRxFqQkQJAISR9W0Rnw6PXq9-BqgghW9avZzGVXINVskQ1QzEvNt8QV1z7o_OJSIa-Ui9WlWlwd6ubIyCsheWJsfg383Tg9X3qr4MhP7dS3lhcTq6RW56VEknTRrskCumvE12fN3W9IUnl355h_yetXq49KDjam6OYtLKUncet1hvF_TU1Agtyw1tpUXoFPIUoSl1fQYUoCOdlJvlj6UjcwKD9hpt6OF5mw2doYFar9Wvu-Ts6O2Xg-PASzAEGqK4CWKjuGUcNiE2TyFyaVYYFmvObJhaY3Jhba51FOdcJSZOtBWhYoUF4KYACfI0uUcGJbh4l9DYpkgNz8OURUwzpZhIrFBMMZMVgLuGJGi9L1cN04Z0r9sE7FAaN0qMlvTRGpI3GKLOFnmy3RfVeiF92UlWCBZqE9vIjhnPRA6PY6J8nCYqT-HDkOxjgGVz6LSrdjlBVYEMdYyH5KmzQK6MErNuobZ1Lacfv_6H0efTntFzb2QrSBWt_AEIeCbk4OpZ7vUsoeJ1b3gX07H1Si3PawOubFP08uEn3TDeFBvsSlNtnQ1yDWYc7n6_yejOs8iSh2LkQyJ6ud5zfX-kXH5zVOWJiFGB4MG_f9Y-uQ61LD9MT94_JDdiJziC_CF7ZLBZb80jgH2b_LGr5z8O_Vl-
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Molecular+Characterization+of+Multidrug+Resistant+Hospital+Isolates+Using+the+Antimicrobial+Resistance+Determinant+Microarray&rft.jtitle=PloS+one&rft.au=Leski%2C+Tomasz+A&rft.au=Vora%2C+Gary+J&rft.au=Barrows%2C+Brian+R&rft.au=Pimentel%2C+Guillermo&rft.date=2013-07-25&rft.pub=Public+Library+of+Science&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=e69507&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0069507&rft.externalDocID=A478891014
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1932-6203&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1932-6203&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1932-6203&client=summon