When drug treatments bias genetic studies: Mediation and interaction

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 14; no. 8; p. e0221209
• Main Authors: Schmidt, Amand F., Heerspink, Hiddo J. L., Denig, Petra, Finan, Chris, Groenwold, Rolf H. H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 28.08.2019; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Accounting; Bias; Biology and Life Sciences; Blood pressure; Cardiovascular disease; Computer Simulation; Confidence intervals; Consortia; Diabetes; Drug interactions; Drug Prescriptions; Drug therapy; Engineering and Technology; Estimates; Genes; Genetic analysis; Genetic aspects; Genetic Diseases, Inborn - drug therapy; Genetic Diseases, Inborn - epidemiology; Genetic Diseases, Inborn - genetics; Genetic diversity; Genetic effects; Genetic research; Genetic variance; Genetics; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genomes; Genotype & phenotype; Graph theory; Heart; Humans; Longitude; Mediation; Medical treatment; Medicine and Health Sciences; Negotiating; Pharmacogenomic Variants - genetics; Pharmacy; Phenotype; Phenotypes; Physiological aspects; Quantitative trait loci; Quantitative Trait Loci - genetics; Regression analysis; Rejection rate; Research and Analysis Methods; Root-mean-square errors; Studies; Trajectory analysis; Type 2 diabetes; United Kingdom; United Kingdom > UK; England; Netherlands

Increasingly, genetic analyses are conducted using information from subjects with established disease, who often receive concomitant treatment. We determined when treatment may bias genetic associations with a quantitative trait. Graph theory and simulated data were used to explore the impact of dru...