Spot on for liars! How public scrutiny influences ethical behavior
We examine whether people are more honest in public than in private. In a laboratory experiment, we have subjects roll dice and report outcomes either in public or in private. Higher reports yield more money and lies cannot be detected. We also elicit subjects' ethical mindsets and their expect...
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| Published in | PloS one Vol. 12; no. 7; p. e0181682 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
17.07.2017
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| Abstract | We examine whether people are more honest in public than in private. In a laboratory experiment, we have subjects roll dice and report outcomes either in public or in private. Higher reports yield more money and lies cannot be detected. We also elicit subjects' ethical mindsets and their expectations about others' reports. We find that outcome-minded subjects lie less in public to conform with their expectations about others' reports. Ironically, these expectations are false. Rule-minded subjects, in turn, do not respond to public scrutiny. These findings challenge the common faith in public scrutiny to promote ethical behavior. While public scrutiny eventually increases honesty, this effect is contingent on people's mindsets and expectations. |
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| AbstractList | We examine whether people are more honest in public than in private. In a laboratory experiment, we have subjects roll dice and report outcomes either in public or in private. Higher reports yield more money and lies cannot be detected. We also elicit subjects' ethical mindsets and their expectations about others' reports. We find that outcome-minded subjects lie less in public to conform with their expectations about others' reports. Ironically, these expectations are false. Rule-minded subjects, in turn, do not respond to public scrutiny. These findings challenge the common faith in public scrutiny to promote ethical behavior. While public scrutiny eventually increases honesty, this effect is contingent on people's mindsets and expectations. We examine whether people are more honest in public than in private. In a laboratory experiment, we have subjects roll dice and report outcomes either in public or in private. Higher reports yield more money and lies cannot be detected. We also elicit subjects' ethical mindsets and their expectations about others' reports. We find that outcome-minded subjects lie less in public to conform with their expectations about others' reports. Ironically, these expectations are false. Rule-minded subjects, in turn, do not respond to public scrutiny. These findings challenge the common faith in public scrutiny to promote ethical behavior. While public scrutiny eventually increases honesty, this effect is contingent on people's mindsets and expectations.We examine whether people are more honest in public than in private. In a laboratory experiment, we have subjects roll dice and report outcomes either in public or in private. Higher reports yield more money and lies cannot be detected. We also elicit subjects' ethical mindsets and their expectations about others' reports. We find that outcome-minded subjects lie less in public to conform with their expectations about others' reports. Ironically, these expectations are false. Rule-minded subjects, in turn, do not respond to public scrutiny. These findings challenge the common faith in public scrutiny to promote ethical behavior. While public scrutiny eventually increases honesty, this effect is contingent on people's mindsets and expectations. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Uhl, Matthias Ostermaier, Andreas |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 TUM School of Governance, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany 1 TUM School of Management, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany Middlesex University, UNITED KINGDOM |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28715476$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1038_s41562_021_01128_2 crossref_primary_10_1111_ecin_12760 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_joep_2018_09_006 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_socec_2021_101732 crossref_primary_10_1080_03623319_2020_1757350 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11948_023_00454_0 crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_psych_030123_113559 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1007/s10683-006-9159-4 10.1007/s40881-015-0004-4 10.1371/journal.pone.0122305 10.1257/aer.99.1.544 10.1037/0022-3514.70.5.979 10.1177/1043463115593109 10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142015 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02306.x 10.1037/1089-2680.11.2.127 10.1037/0033-2909.108.3.480 10.1002/bdm.648 10.1002/bdm.621 10.1371/journal.pone.0077878 10.1162/003355399556151 10.1126/science.1062872 10.1111/jeea.12014 10.1016/j.jebo.2004.11.007 10.1016/j.obhdp.2006.09.005 10.1016/j.jebo.2015.04.020 10.1177/0956797612457376 10.1371/journal.pone.0164012 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2017 Public Library of Science 2017 Ostermaier, Uhl. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2017 Ostermaier, Uhl 2017 Ostermaier, Uhl |
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| Title | Spot on for liars! How public scrutiny influences ethical behavior |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28715476 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1991553269 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1927303509 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5513494 https://doaj.org/article/224c8bdff3c645ae890dcc93c9bbfd01 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181682 |
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