Vancomycin heteroresistance is associated with reduced mortality in ST239 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus blood stream infections

Despite hVISA infections being associated with vancomycin treatment failure, no previous study has been able to detect a mortality difference between heteroresistant vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) and vancomycin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA) bloodstream infections (...

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Published inPloS one Vol. 6; no. 6; p. e21217
Main Authors van Hal, Sebastiaan J, Jones, Mark, Gosbell, Iain B, Paterson, David L
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Public Library of Science 21.06.2011
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
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Abstract Despite hVISA infections being associated with vancomycin treatment failure, no previous study has been able to detect a mortality difference between heteroresistant vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) and vancomycin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA) bloodstream infections (BSI). Consecutive methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) BSI episodes between 1996 and 2008 were reviewed. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, treatment and overall mortality at 30 days were extracted from the medical records. All isolates underwent vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (VMIC) testing by broth microdilution and Etest. hVISA was confirmed by population analysis profiling using the area under the curve method (PAP-AUC). 401 evaluable MRSA BSI episodes were identified over the 12 years. Of these, 46 (11.5%) and 2 (0.5%) were confirmed as hVISA and VISA by PAP-AUC respectively. hVISA predominantly occurred in ST239-like MRSA isolates with high VMIC (2 mg/L). Compared to VSSA, hVISA was associated with chronic renal failure (p<0.001), device related infections (haemodialysis access) (p<0.001) and previous vancomycin usage (p = 0.004). On multivariate analysis, independent predictors of mortality included age, presence of multiple co-morbidities, principal diagnosis, transit to ICU and severity of illness while infection related surgery and hVISA phenotype were associated with increased survival. The presence of hVISA is dependent on the appropriate interplay between host and pathogen factors. hVISA in ST239 MRSA is an independent predictor of survival. Whether these findings would be replicated across all MRSA clones is unknown and warrants further study.
AbstractList BACKGROUNDDespite hVISA infections being associated with vancomycin treatment failure, no previous study has been able to detect a mortality difference between heteroresistant vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) and vancomycin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA) bloodstream infections (BSI).METHODOLOGYConsecutive methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) BSI episodes between 1996 and 2008 were reviewed. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, treatment and overall mortality at 30 days were extracted from the medical records. All isolates underwent vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (VMIC) testing by broth microdilution and Etest. hVISA was confirmed by population analysis profiling using the area under the curve method (PAP-AUC).PRINCIPAL FINDINGS401 evaluable MRSA BSI episodes were identified over the 12 years. Of these, 46 (11.5%) and 2 (0.5%) were confirmed as hVISA and VISA by PAP-AUC respectively. hVISA predominantly occurred in ST239-like MRSA isolates with high VMIC (2 mg/L). Compared to VSSA, hVISA was associated with chronic renal failure (p<0.001), device related infections (haemodialysis access) (p<0.001) and previous vancomycin usage (p = 0.004). On multivariate analysis, independent predictors of mortality included age, presence of multiple co-morbidities, principal diagnosis, transit to ICU and severity of illness while infection related surgery and hVISA phenotype were associated with increased survival.CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCEThe presence of hVISA is dependent on the appropriate interplay between host and pathogen factors. hVISA in ST239 MRSA is an independent predictor of survival. Whether these findings would be replicated across all MRSA clones is unknown and warrants further study.
Background Despite hVISA infections being associated with vancomycin treatment failure, no previous study has been able to detect a mortality difference between heteroresistant vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) and vancomycin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA) bloodstream infections (BSI). Methodology Consecutive methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) BSI episodes between 1996 and 2008 were reviewed. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, treatment and overall mortality at 30 days were extracted from the medical records. All isolates underwent vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (VMIC) testing by broth microdilution and Etest. hVISA was confirmed by population analysis profiling using the area under the curve method (PAP-AUC). Principal Findings 401 evaluable MRSA BSI episodes were identified over the 12 years. Of these, 46 (11.5%) and 2 (0.5%) were confirmed as hVISA and VISA by PAP-AUC respectively. hVISA predominantly occurred in ST239-like MRSA isolates with high VMIC (2 mg/L). Compared to VSSA, hVISA was associated with chronic renal failure (p<0.001), device related infections (haemodialysis access) (p<0.001) and previous vancomycin usage (p = 0.004). On multivariate analysis, independent predictors of mortality included age, presence of multiple co-morbidities, principal diagnosis, transit to ICU and severity of illness while infection related surgery and hVISA phenotype were associated with increased survival. Conclusions/Significance The presence of hVISA is dependent on the appropriate interplay between host and pathogen factors. hVISA in ST239 MRSA is an independent predictor of survival. Whether these findings would be replicated across all MRSA clones is unknown and warrants further study.
Despite hVISA infections being associated with vancomycin treatment failure, no previous study has been able to detect a mortality difference between heteroresistant vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) and vancomycin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA) bloodstream infections (BSI). Consecutive methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) BSI episodes between 1996 and 2008 were reviewed. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, treatment and overall mortality at 30 days were extracted from the medical records. All isolates underwent vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (VMIC) testing by broth microdilution and Etest. hVISA was confirmed by population analysis profiling using the area under the curve method (PAP-AUC). 401 evaluable MRSA BSI episodes were identified over the 12 years. Of these, 46 (11.5%) and 2 (0.5%) were confirmed as hVISA and VISA by PAP-AUC respectively. hVISA predominantly occurred in ST239-like MRSA isolates with high VMIC (2 mg/L). Compared to VSSA, hVISA was associated with chronic renal failure (p<0.001), device related infections (haemodialysis access) (p<0.001) and previous vancomycin usage (p = 0.004). On multivariate analysis, independent predictors of mortality included age, presence of multiple co-morbidities, principal diagnosis, transit to ICU and severity of illness while infection related surgery and hVISA phenotype were associated with increased survival. The presence of hVISA is dependent on the appropriate interplay between host and pathogen factors. hVISA in ST239 MRSA is an independent predictor of survival. Whether these findings would be replicated across all MRSA clones is unknown and warrants further study.
Despite hVISA infections being associated with vancomycin treatment failure, no previous study has been able to detect a mortality difference between heteroresistant vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) and vancomycin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA) bloodstream infections (BSI). Consecutive methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) BSI episodes between 1996 and 2008 were reviewed. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, treatment and overall mortality at 30 days were extracted from the medical records. All isolates underwent vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (VMIC) testing by broth microdilution and Etest. hVISA was confirmed by population analysis profiling using the area under the curve method (PAP-AUC). The presence of hVISA is dependent on the appropriate interplay between host and pathogen factors. hVISA in ST239 MRSA is an independent predictor of survival. Whether these findings would be replicated across all MRSA clones is unknown and warrants further study.
Background Despite hVISA infections being associated with vancomycin treatment failure, no previous study has been able to detect a mortality difference between heteroresistant vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) and vancomycin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA) bloodstream infections (BSI). Methodology Consecutive methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) BSI episodes between 1996 and 2008 were reviewed. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, treatment and overall mortality at 30 days were extracted from the medical records. All isolates underwent vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (VMIC) testing by broth microdilution and Etest. hVISA was confirmed by population analysis profiling using the area under the curve method (PAP-AUC). Principal Findings 401 evaluable MRSA BSI episodes were identified over the 12 years. Of these, 46 (11.5%) and 2 (0.5%) were confirmed as hVISA and VISA by PAP-AUC respectively. hVISA predominantly occurred in ST239-like MRSA isolates with high VMIC (2 mg/L). Compared to VSSA, hVISA was associated with chronic renal failure (p<0.001), device related infections (haemodialysis access) (p<0.001) and previous vancomycin usage (p = 0.004). On multivariate analysis, independent predictors of mortality included age, presence of multiple co-morbidities, principal diagnosis, transit to ICU and severity of illness while infection related surgery and hVISA phenotype were associated with increased survival. Conclusions/Significance The presence of hVISA is dependent on the appropriate interplay between host and pathogen factors. hVISA in ST239 MRSA is an independent predictor of survival. Whether these findings would be replicated across all MRSA clones is unknown and warrants further study.
Audience Academic
Author van Hal, Sebastiaan J
Paterson, David L
Jones, Mark
Gosbell, Iain B
AuthorAffiliation 2 Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Unit, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Penrith South, New South Wales, Australia
University of Complutense, Spain
4 University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
1 Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Sydney South West Pathology Service – Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
3 Centre for Healthcare Related Infection Surveillance and Prevention, Queensland Health and School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Unit, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Penrith South, New South Wales, Australia
– name: 1 Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Sydney South West Pathology Service – Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
– name: University of Complutense, Spain
– name: 4 University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
– name: 3 Centre for Healthcare Related Infection Surveillance and Prevention, Queensland Health and School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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  givenname: Sebastiaan J
  surname: van Hal
  fullname: van Hal, Sebastiaan J
  email: Sebastian.vanHal@sswahs.nsw.gov.au
  organization: Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Sydney South West Pathology Service-Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Sebastian.vanHal@sswahs.nsw.gov.au
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  fullname: Paterson, David L
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21713004$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science
2011 van Hal et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
van Hal et al. 2011
Copyright_xml – notice: COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science
– notice: 2011 van Hal et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: van Hal et al. 2011
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Conceived and designed the experiments: SvH IG DP. Analyzed the data: SvH MJ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SvH MJ. Wrote the paper: SvH MJ IG DP.
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SSID ssj0053866
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Snippet Despite hVISA infections being associated with vancomycin treatment failure, no previous study has been able to detect a mortality difference between...
Background Despite hVISA infections being associated with vancomycin treatment failure, no previous study has been able to detect a mortality difference...
BACKGROUNDDespite hVISA infections being associated with vancomycin treatment failure, no previous study has been able to detect a mortality difference between...
BackgroundDespite hVISA infections being associated with vancomycin treatment failure, no previous study has been able to detect a mortality difference between...
Background Despite hVISA infections being associated with vancomycin treatment failure, no previous study has been able to detect a mortality difference...
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SubjectTerms 21st century
Aged
Analysis
Antibiotics
Antimicrobial agents
Australia
Bacteremia - drug therapy
Bacteremia - mortality
Chronic kidney failure
Clinical outcomes
Comorbidity
Demographics
Demography
Drug resistance
Health aspects
Hemodialysis
Humans
Infection
Infections
Infectious diseases
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Kidneys
Laboratories
Male
Medical records
Medical research
Medicine
Methicillin
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - pathogenicity
Microbial drug resistance
Microbiology
Middle Aged
Minimum inhibitory concentration
Mortality
Multivariate analysis
Patients
Renal failure
Reviews
Staphylococcal Infections - drug therapy
Staphylococcal Infections - mortality
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus infections
Staphylococcus infections
Surgery
Surveillance
Survival
Treatment Outcome
Vancomycin
Vancomycin - pharmacology
Vancomycin - therapeutic use
Vancomycin Resistance - drug effects
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Title Vancomycin heteroresistance is associated with reduced mortality in ST239 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus blood stream infections
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21713004
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3119693
https://doaj.org/article/993e4514d1c54360a08074e609886d69
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021217
Volume 6
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