Connexin mediated cataract prevention in mice
Cataracts, named for any opacity in the ocular lens, remain the leading cause of vision loss in the world. Non-surgical methods for cataract prevention are still elusive. We have genetically tested whether enhanced lens gap junction communication, provided by increased α3 connexin (Cx46) proteins ex...
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Published in | PloS one Vol. 5; no. 9; p. e12624 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
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Language | English |
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09.09.2010
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Abstract | Cataracts, named for any opacity in the ocular lens, remain the leading cause of vision loss in the world. Non-surgical methods for cataract prevention are still elusive. We have genetically tested whether enhanced lens gap junction communication, provided by increased α3 connexin (Cx46) proteins expressed from α8(Kiα3) knock-in alleles in Gja8tm1(Gja3)Tww mice, could prevent nuclear cataracts caused by the γB-crystallin S11R mutation in CrygbS11R/S11R mice. Remarkably, homozygous knock-in α8(Kiα3/Kiα3) mice fully prevented nuclear cataracts, while single knock-in α8(Kiα3/-) allele mice showed variable suppression of nuclear opacities in CrygbS11R/S11R mutant mice. Cataract prevention was correlated with the suppression of many pathological processes, including crystallin degradation and fiber cell degeneration, as well as preservation of normal calcium levels and stable actin filaments in the lens. This work demonstrates that enhanced intercellular gap junction communication can effectively prevent or delay nuclear cataract formation and suggests that small metabolites transported through gap junction channels protect the stability of crystallin proteins and the cytoskeletal structures in the lens core. Thus, the use of an array of small molecules to promote lens homeostasis may become a feasible non-surgical approach for nuclear cataract prevention in the future. |
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AbstractList | Cataracts, named for any opacity in the ocular lens, remain the leading cause of vision loss in the world. Non-surgical methods for cataract prevention are still elusive. We have genetically tested whether enhanced lens gap junction communication, provided by increased
α
3 connexin (Cx46) proteins expressed from
α8(Kiα3)
knock-in alleles in
Gja8
tm1(Gja3)Tww
mice, could prevent nuclear cataracts caused by the γB-crystallin S11R mutation in
Crygb
S11R/S11R
mice. Remarkably, homozygous knock-in
α8(Kiα3/Kiα3)
mice fully prevented nuclear cataracts, while single knock-in
α8(Kiα3/−)
allele mice showed variable suppression of nuclear opacities in
Crygb
S11R/S11R
mutant mice. Cataract prevention was correlated with the suppression of many pathological processes, including crystallin degradation and fiber cell degeneration, as well as preservation of normal calcium levels and stable actin filaments in the lens. This work demonstrates that enhanced intercellular gap junction communication can effectively prevent or delay nuclear cataract formation and suggests that small metabolites transported through gap junction channels protect the stability of crystallin proteins and the cytoskeletal structures in the lens core. Thus, the use of an array of small molecules to promote lens homeostasis may become a feasible non-surgical approach for nuclear cataract prevention in the future. Cataracts, named for any opacity in the ocular lens, remain the leading cause of vision loss in the world. Non-surgical methods for cataract prevention are still elusive. We have genetically tested whether enhanced lens gap junction communication, provided by increased α3 connexin (Cx46) proteins expressed from α8(Kiα3) knock-in alleles in Gja8tm1(Gja3)Tww mice, could prevent nuclear cataracts caused by the γB-crystallin S11R mutation in CrygbS11R/S11R mice. Remarkably, homozygous knock-in α8(Kiα3/Kiα3) mice fully prevented nuclear cataracts, while single knock-in α8(Kiα3/−) allele mice showed variable suppression of nuclear opacities in CrygbS11R/S11R mutant mice. Cataract prevention was correlated with the suppression of many pathological processes, including crystallin degradation and fiber cell degeneration, as well as preservation of normal calcium levels and stable actin filaments in the lens. This work demonstrates that enhanced intercellular gap junction communication can effectively prevent or delay nuclear cataract formation and suggests that small metabolites transported through gap junction channels protect the stability of crystallin proteins and the cytoskeletal structures in the lens core. Thus, the use of an array of small molecules to promote lens homeostasis may become a feasible non-surgical approach for nuclear cataract prevention in the future. Cataracts, named for any opacity in the ocular lens, remain the leading cause of vision loss in the world. Non-surgical methods for cataract prevention are still elusive. We have genetically tested whether enhanced lens gap junction communication, provided by increased α3 connexin (Cx46) proteins expressed from α8(Kiα3) knock-in alleles in Gja8tm1(Gja3)Tww mice, could prevent nuclear cataracts caused by the γB-crystallin S11R mutation in CrygbS11R/S11R mice. Remarkably, homozygous knock-in α8(Kiα3/Kiα3) mice fully prevented nuclear cataracts, while single knock-in α8(Kiα3/-) allele mice showed variable suppression of nuclear opacities in CrygbS11R/S11R mutant mice. Cataract prevention was correlated with the suppression of many pathological processes, including crystallin degradation and fiber cell degeneration, as well as preservation of normal calcium levels and stable actin filaments in the lens. This work demonstrates that enhanced intercellular gap junction communication can effectively prevent or delay nuclear cataract formation and suggests that small metabolites transported through gap junction channels protect the stability of crystallin proteins and the cytoskeletal structures in the lens core. Thus, the use of an array of small molecules to promote lens homeostasis may become a feasible non-surgical approach for nuclear cataract prevention in the future. Cataracts, named for any opacity in the ocular lens, remain the leading cause of vision loss in the world. Non-surgical methods for cataract prevention are still elusive. We have genetically tested whether enhanced lens gap junction communication, provided by increased [alpha]3 connexin (Cx46) proteins expressed from [alpha]8(Ki[alpha]3) knock-in alleles in Gja8.sup.tm1(Gja3)Tww mice, could prevent nuclear cataracts caused by the [gamma]B-crystallin S11R mutation in Crygb.sup.S11R/S11R mice. Remarkably, homozygous knock-in [alpha]8(Ki[alpha]3/Ki[alpha]3) mice fully prevented nuclear cataracts, while single knock-in [alpha]8(Ki[alpha]3/-) allele mice showed variable suppression of nuclear opacities in Crygb.sup.S11R/S11R mutant mice. Cataract prevention was correlated with the suppression of many pathological processes, including crystallin degradation and fiber cell degeneration, as well as preservation of normal calcium levels and stable actin filaments in the lens. This work demonstrates that enhanced intercellular gap junction communication can effectively prevent or delay nuclear cataract formation and suggests that small metabolites transported through gap junction channels protect the stability of crystallin proteins and the cytoskeletal structures in the lens core. Thus, the use of an array of small molecules to promote lens homeostasis may become a feasible non-surgical approach for nuclear cataract prevention in the future. |
Audience | Academic |
Author | White, Thomas W Li, Lin Fletcher, Daniel A Cheng, Catherine Gong, Xiaohua Xia, Chun-hong |
AuthorAffiliation | 3 Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America University of Florida, United States of America 2 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America 1 Vision Science Program and School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: University of Florida, United States of America – name: 2 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America – name: 3 Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America – name: 1 Vision Science Program and School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Lin surname: Li fullname: Li, Lin organization: Vision Science Program and School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America – sequence: 2 givenname: Catherine surname: Cheng fullname: Cheng, Catherine – sequence: 3 givenname: Chun-hong surname: Xia fullname: Xia, Chun-hong – sequence: 4 givenname: Thomas W surname: White fullname: White, Thomas W – sequence: 5 givenname: Daniel A surname: Fletcher fullname: Fletcher, Daniel A – sequence: 6 givenname: Xiaohua surname: Gong fullname: Gong, Xiaohua |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20844585$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Conceived and designed the experiments: LL CC ChX TWW DAF XG. Performed the experiments: LL XG. Analyzed the data: LL CC ChX XG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LL TWW DAF XG. Wrote the paper: LL CC ChX XG. |
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Snippet | Cataracts, named for any opacity in the ocular lens, remain the leading cause of vision loss in the world. Non-surgical methods for cataract prevention are... |
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SubjectTerms | Actin Age Alleles Animals Calcium Cataract - metabolism Cataract - prevention & control Cataracts Cell signaling Communication Connexins - genetics Connexins - metabolism Crystal structure Crystallin Cytoskeleton Degeneration Disease Models, Animal Female Filaments gamma-Crystallins - genetics gamma-Crystallins - metabolism Gap Junctions - metabolism Gene expression Gene Knock-In Techniques Genetics and Genomics/Disease Models Genetics and Genomics/Genetics of Disease Homeostasis Humans In Vitro Techniques Intercellular signalling Lens, Crystalline - metabolism Lenses Light Male Metabolites Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Knockout Mice, Transgenic Muscle proteins Mutation Opacity Ophthalmology Ophthalmology/Cataracts and Other Lens Disorders Optometry Physical fitness Preservation Prevention Proteins Proteomics Structural stability Surgery Trends |
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Title | Connexin mediated cataract prevention in mice |
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