Roles of Mas-related G protein–coupled receptor X2 on mast cell–mediated host defense, pseudoallergic drug reactions, and chronic inflammatory diseases

• Published in: Journal of allergy and clinical immunology Vol. 138; no. 3; pp. 700 - 710
• Main Authors: Subramanian, Hariharan, Gupta, Kshitij, Ali, Hydar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.09.2016; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Allergy and Immunology; Anaphylaxis - immunology; Animals; Antimicrobial agents; Asthma; Chronic Disease; chronic urticaria; Defense; Drug Hypersensitivity - immunology; drug-induced pseudoallergy; G protein–coupled receptor; Gene expression; host defense peptides; Human subjects; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Infections; Inflammation - immunology; Inflammatory diseases; Ligands; mast cells; Mast Cells - immunology; MRGPRX2; Nerve Tissue Proteins - immunology; Neuropeptides; Pain - immunology; Pathogenesis; Peptides; Proteins; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - immunology; Receptors, Neuropeptide - immunology; Rodents; Signal transduction; PGD2; GRK; EPO; MCDP; neuropeptides; mast cells; MRGPRX2 (MrgX2); HDP; MC; CTMC; EC50; MBP; NK1R; SP; MCTC; MMC; MRGPRX2; PMC; chronic urticaria; asthma; hBD; MAPK; ORAI; SCA; drug-induced pseudoallergy; CU; host defense peptides; PTx; Mrgpr; DRG; GPCR; G protein–coupled receptor; VIP; CGRP; C3aR; MCT; Calcitonin gene–related peptide; Ca 2+ release–activated Ca 2+ channel; Human β-defensin; G protein–coupled receptor kinase; Mas-related G protein–coupled receptor X2; Peritoneal mast cell; Dorsal root ganglia; Substance P; Mas-related G protein–coupled receptor; Anaphylatoxin C3a receptor; EC 50; Vasoactive intestinal peptide; Mast cell; Tryptase and chymase-expressing mast cells; Prostaglandin D 2; Eosinophil peroxidase; Sickle cell anemia; Major basic protein; Mast cell degranulating peptide; Pertussis toxin; Mucosal mast cell; Concentration required to produce a 50% response; Neurokinin 1 receptor; Connective tissue mast cell; Tryptase-expressing mast cells; MC TC; Host defense peptide; Mitogen-activated protein kinase; MC T; PGD 2

Mast cells (MCs), which are granulated tissue-resident cells of hematopoietic lineage, contribute to vascular homeostasis, innate/adaptive immunity, and wound healing. However, MCs are best known for their roles in allergic and inflammatory diseases, such as anaphylaxis, food allergy, rhinitis, itch...