Retention and mortality on antiretroviral therapy in sub‐Saharan Africa: collaborative analyses of HIV treatment programmes

Introduction By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long‐term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub‐Saharan Africa, this target is threatened by loss to follow‐up in ART programmes. The proportion of people retained on ART long‐term cannot be easily determined, becau...

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Published inJournal of the International AIDS Society Vol. 21; no. 2; pp. 1 - n/a
Main Authors Haas, Andreas D, Zaniewski, Elizabeth, Anderegg, Nanina, Ford, Nathan, Fox, Matthew P, Vinikoor, Michael, Dabis, François, Nash, Denis, Sinayobye, Jean d'Amour, Niyongabo, Thêodore, Tanon, Aristophane, Poda, Armel, Adedimeji, Adebola A, Edmonds, Andrew, Davies, Mary‐Ann, Egger, Matthias
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland International AIDS Society 01.02.2018
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
BioMed Central (2008-2012) ; International Aids Society (2008-) ; Wiley (2017-)
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adjustment
Adolescent
Adult
Africa South of the Sahara - epidemiology
AIDS
AIDS treatment
Analysis
Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use
Antiretroviral agents
Antiretroviral drugs
antiretroviral therapy
Antiviral agents
Child
Child, Preschool
Clinics
Cohort Studies
Consortia
Dosage and administration
Drug therapy
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Estimates
Female
Follow-Up Studies
HIV
HIV infections
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - mortality
Hospitals
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Intersectoral Collaboration
Life Sciences
loss to follow‐up
Male
Management
Methods
Mortality
Patient compliance
Patient outcomes
Patients
Prevention
Retention
Retention in Care
Santé publique et épidémiologie
Short Report
Short Reports
Statistics
Studies
Substance abuse treatment
sub‐Saharan Africa
Survival analysis
Treatment outcome
Wellness programs
Africa South of the Sahara
Sub-Saharan Africa
Southern Africa
West Africa
Rwanda
Africa
Zambia
Central Africa
East Africa
mortality
sub-Saharan Africa
antiretroviral therapy
retention
loss to follow-up
leDEA
IDLIC
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Abstract Introduction By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long‐term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub‐Saharan Africa, this target is threatened by loss to follow‐up in ART programmes. The proportion of people retained on ART long‐term cannot be easily determined, because individuals classified as lost to follow‐up, may have self‐transferred to another HIV treatment programme, or may have died. We describe retention on ART in sub‐Saharan Africa, first based on observed data as recorded in the clinic databases, and second adjusted for undocumented deaths and self‐transfers. Methods We analysed data from HIV‐infected adults and children initiating ART between 2009 and 2014 at a sub‐Saharan African HIV treatment programme participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). We used the Kaplan–Meier method to calculate the cumulative incidence of retention on ART and the Aalen–Johansen method to calculate the cumulative incidences of death, loss to follow‐up, and stopping ART. We used inverse probability weighting to adjust clinic data for undocumented mortality and self‐transfer, based on estimates from a recent systematic review and meta‐analysis. Results We included 505,634 patients: 12,848 (2.5%) from Central Africa, 109,233 (21.6%) from East Africa, 347,343 (68.7%) from Southern Africa and 36,210 (7.2%) from West Africa. In crude analyses of observed clinic data, 52.1% of patients were retained on ART, 41.8% were lost to follow‐up and 6.0% had died 5 years after ART initiation. After accounting for undocumented deaths and self‐transfers, we estimated that 66.6% of patients were retained on ART, 18.8% had stopped ART and 14.7% had died at 5 years. Conclusions Improving long‐term retention on ART will be crucial to attaining the 90% on ART target. Naïve analyses of HIV cohort studies, which do not account for undocumented mortality and self‐transfer of patients, may severely underestimate both mortality and retention on ART.
AbstractList INTRODUCTION: By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long-term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub-Saharan Africa, this target is threatened by loss to follow-up in ART programmes. The proportion of people retained on ART long-term cannot be easily determined, because individuals classified as lost to follow-up, may have self-transferred to another HIV treatment programme, or may have died. We describe retention on ART in sub-Saharan Africa, first based on observed data as recorded in the clinic databases, and second adjusted for undocumented deaths and self-transfers. METHODS: We analysed data from HIV-infected adults and children initiating ART between 2009 and 2014 at a sub-Saharan African HIV treatment programme participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). We used the Kaplan-Meier method to calculate the cumulative incidence of retention on ART and the Aalen-Johansen method to calculate the cumulative incidences of death, loss to follow-up, and stopping ART. We used inverse probability weighting to adjust clinic data for undocumented mortality and self-transfer, based on estimates from a recent systematic review and meta-analysis. RESULTS: We included 505,634 patients: 12,848 (2.5%) from Central Africa, 109,233 (21.6%) from East Africa, 347,343 (68.7%) from Southern Africa and 36,210 (7.2%) from West Africa. In crude analyses of observed clinic data, 52.1% of patients were retained on ART, 41.8% were lost to follow-up and 6.0% had died 5 years after ART initiation. After accounting for undocumented deaths and self-transfers, we estimated that 66.6% of patients were retained on ART, 18.8% had stopped ART and 14.7% had died at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Improving long-term retention on ART will be crucial to attaining the 90% on ART target. Naive analyses of HIV cohort studies, which do not account for undocumented mortality and self-transfer of patients, may severely underestimate both mortality and retention on ART.
By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long‐term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub‐Saharan Africa, this target is threatened by loss to follow‐up in ART programmes. The proportion of people retained on ART long‐term cannot be easily determined, because individuals classified as lost to follow‐up, may have self‐transferred to another HIV treatment programme, or may have died. We describe retention on ART in sub‐Saharan Africa, first based on observed data as recorded in the clinic databases, and second adjusted for undocumented deaths and self‐transfers. We analysed data from HIV‐infected adults and children initiating ART between 2009 and 2014 at a sub‐Saharan African HIV treatment programme participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). We used the Kaplan–Meier method to calculate the cumulative incidence of retention on ART and the Aalen–Johansen method to calculate the cumulative incidences of death, loss to follow‐up, and stopping ART. We used inverse probability weighting to adjust clinic data for undocumented mortality and self‐transfer, based on estimates from a recent systematic review and meta‐analysis. We included 505,634 patients: 12,848 (2.5%) from Central Africa, 109,233 (21.6%) from East Africa, 347,343 (68.7%) from Southern Africa and 36,210 (7.2%) from West Africa. In crude analyses of observed clinic data, 52.1% of patients were retained on ART, 41.8% were lost to follow‐up and 6.0% had died 5 years after ART initiation. After accounting for undocumented deaths and self‐transfers, we estimated that 66.6% of patients were retained on ART, 18.8% had stopped ART and 14.7% had died at 5 years. Improving long‐term retention on ART will be crucial to attaining the 90% on ART target. Naïve analyses of HIV cohort studies, which do not account for undocumented mortality and self‐transfer of patients, may severely underestimate both mortality and retention on ART.
Introduction: By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long?term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub?Saharan Africa, this target is threatened by loss to follow?up in ART programmes. The proportion of people retained on ART long?term cannot be easily determined, because individuals classified as lost to follow?up, may have self?transferred to another HIV treatment programme, or may have died. We describe retention on ART in sub?Saharan Africa, first based on observed data as recorded in the clinic databases, and second adjusted for undocumented deaths and self?transfers. Methods: We analysed data from HIV?infected adults and children initiating ART between 2009 and 2014 at a sub?Saharan African HIV treatment programme participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). We used the Kaplan?Meier method to calculate the cumulative incidence of retention on ART and the Aalen?Johansen method to calculate the cumulative incidences of death, loss to follow?up, and stopping ART. We used inverse probability weighting to adjust clinic data for undocumented mortality and self?transfer, based on estimates from a recent systematic review and meta?analysis. Results: We included 505,634 patients: 12,848 (2.5%) from Central Africa, 109,233 (21.6%) from East Africa, 347,343 (68.7%) from Southern Africa and 36,210 (7.2%) from West Africa. In crude analyses of observed clinic data, 52.1% of patients were retained on ART, 41.8% were lost to follow?up and 6.0% had died 5 years after ART initiation. After accounting for undocumented deaths and self?transfers, we estimated that 66.6% of patients were retained on ART, 18.8% had stopped ART and 14.7% had died at 5 years. Conclusions: Improving long?term retention on ART will be crucial to attaining the 90% on ART target. Naïve analyses of HIV cohort studies, which do not account for undocumented mortality and self?transfer of patients, may severely underestimate both mortality and retention on ART.
Introduction By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long‐term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub‐Saharan Africa, this target is threatened by loss to follow‐up in ART programmes. The proportion of people retained on ART long‐term cannot be easily determined, because individuals classified as lost to follow‐up, may have self‐transferred to another HIV treatment programme, or may have died. We describe retention on ART in sub‐Saharan Africa, first based on observed data as recorded in the clinic databases, and second adjusted for undocumented deaths and self‐transfers. Methods We analysed data from HIV‐infected adults and children initiating ART between 2009 and 2014 at a sub‐Saharan African HIV treatment programme participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). We used the Kaplan–Meier method to calculate the cumulative incidence of retention on ART and the Aalen–Johansen method to calculate the cumulative incidences of death, loss to follow‐up, and stopping ART. We used inverse probability weighting to adjust clinic data for undocumented mortality and self‐transfer, based on estimates from a recent systematic review and meta‐analysis. Results We included 505,634 patients: 12,848 (2.5%) from Central Africa, 109,233 (21.6%) from East Africa, 347,343 (68.7%) from Southern Africa and 36,210 (7.2%) from West Africa. In crude analyses of observed clinic data, 52.1% of patients were retained on ART, 41.8% were lost to follow‐up and 6.0% had died 5 years after ART initiation. After accounting for undocumented deaths and self‐transfers, we estimated that 66.6% of patients were retained on ART, 18.8% had stopped ART and 14.7% had died at 5 years. Conclusions Improving long‐term retention on ART will be crucial to attaining the 90% on ART target. Naïve analyses of HIV cohort studies, which do not account for undocumented mortality and self‐transfer of patients, may severely underestimate both mortality and retention on ART.
Introduction: By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long-term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub-Saharan Africa, this target is threatened by loss to follow-up in ART programmes. The proportion of people retained on ART long-term cannot be easily determined, because individuals classified as lost to follow-up, may have self-transferred to another HIV treatment programme, or may have died. We describe retention on ART in sub-Saharan Africa, first based on observed data as recorded in the clinic databases, and second adjusted for undocumented deaths and self-transfers. Methods: We analysed data from HIV-infected adults and children initiating ART between 2009 and 2014 at a sub-Saharan African HIV treatment programme participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). We used the Kaplan--Meier method to calculate the cumulative incidence of retention on ART and the Aalen-Johansen method to calculate the cumulative incidences of death, loss to follow-up, and stopping ART. We used inverse probability weighting to adjust clinic data for undocumented mortality and self-transfer, based on estimates from a recent systematic review and meta-analysis. Results: We included 505,634 patients: 12,848 (2.5%) from Central Africa, 109,233 (21.6%) from East Africa, 347,343 (68.7%) from Southern Africa and 36,210 (7.2%) from West Africa. In crude analyses of observed clinic data, 52.1% of patients were retained on ART, 41.8% were lost to follow-up and 6.0% had died 5 years after ART initiation. After accounting for undocumented deaths and self-transfers, we estimated that 66.6% of patients were retained on ART, 18.8% had stopped ART and 14.7% had died at 5 years. Conclusions: Improving long-term retention on ART will be crucial to attaining the 90% on ART target. Naive analyses of HIV cohort studies, which do not account for undocumented mortality and self-transfer of patients, may severely underestimate both mortality and retention on ART. Keywords: retention; mortality; loss to follow-up; antiretroviral therapy; sub-Saharan Africa
By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long-term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub-Saharan Africa, this target is threatened by loss to follow-up in ART programmes. The proportion of people retained on ART long-term cannot be easily determined, because individuals classified as lost to follow-up, may have self-transferred to another HIV treatment programme, or may have died. We describe retention on ART in sub-Saharan Africa, first based on observed data as recorded in the clinic databases, and second adjusted for undocumented deaths and self-transfers. We analysed data from HIV-infected adults and children initiating ART between 2009 and 2014 at a sub-Saharan African HIV treatment programme participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). We used the Kaplan-Meier method to calculate the cumulative incidence of retention on ART and the Aalen-Johansen method to calculate the cumulative incidences of death, loss to follow-up, and stopping ART. We used inverse probability weighting to adjust clinic data for undocumented mortality and self-transfer, based on estimates from a recent systematic review and meta-analysis. We included 505,634 patients: 12,848 (2.5%) from Central Africa, 109,233 (21.6%) from East Africa, 347,343 (68.7%) from Southern Africa and 36,210 (7.2%) from West Africa. In crude analyses of observed clinic data, 52.1% of patients were retained on ART, 41.8% were lost to follow-up and 6.0% had died 5 years after ART initiation. After accounting for undocumented deaths and self-transfers, we estimated that 66.6% of patients were retained on ART, 18.8% had stopped ART and 14.7% had died at 5 years. Improving long-term retention on ART will be crucial to attaining the 90% on ART target. Naïve analyses of HIV cohort studies, which do not account for undocumented mortality and self-transfer of patients, may severely underestimate both mortality and retention on ART.
By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long-term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub-Saharan Africa, this target is threatened by loss to follow-up in ART programmes. The proportion of people retained on ART long-term cannot be easily determined, because individuals classified as lost to follow-up, may have self-transferred to another HIV treatment programme, or may have died. We describe retention on ART in sub-Saharan Africa, first based on observed data as recorded in the clinic databases, and second adjusted for undocumented deaths and self-transfers.INTRODUCTIONBy 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long-term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub-Saharan Africa, this target is threatened by loss to follow-up in ART programmes. The proportion of people retained on ART long-term cannot be easily determined, because individuals classified as lost to follow-up, may have self-transferred to another HIV treatment programme, or may have died. We describe retention on ART in sub-Saharan Africa, first based on observed data as recorded in the clinic databases, and second adjusted for undocumented deaths and self-transfers.We analysed data from HIV-infected adults and children initiating ART between 2009 and 2014 at a sub-Saharan African HIV treatment programme participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). We used the Kaplan-Meier method to calculate the cumulative incidence of retention on ART and the Aalen-Johansen method to calculate the cumulative incidences of death, loss to follow-up, and stopping ART. We used inverse probability weighting to adjust clinic data for undocumented mortality and self-transfer, based on estimates from a recent systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODSWe analysed data from HIV-infected adults and children initiating ART between 2009 and 2014 at a sub-Saharan African HIV treatment programme participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). We used the Kaplan-Meier method to calculate the cumulative incidence of retention on ART and the Aalen-Johansen method to calculate the cumulative incidences of death, loss to follow-up, and stopping ART. We used inverse probability weighting to adjust clinic data for undocumented mortality and self-transfer, based on estimates from a recent systematic review and meta-analysis.We included 505,634 patients: 12,848 (2.5%) from Central Africa, 109,233 (21.6%) from East Africa, 347,343 (68.7%) from Southern Africa and 36,210 (7.2%) from West Africa. In crude analyses of observed clinic data, 52.1% of patients were retained on ART, 41.8% were lost to follow-up and 6.0% had died 5 years after ART initiation. After accounting for undocumented deaths and self-transfers, we estimated that 66.6% of patients were retained on ART, 18.8% had stopped ART and 14.7% had died at 5 years.RESULTSWe included 505,634 patients: 12,848 (2.5%) from Central Africa, 109,233 (21.6%) from East Africa, 347,343 (68.7%) from Southern Africa and 36,210 (7.2%) from West Africa. In crude analyses of observed clinic data, 52.1% of patients were retained on ART, 41.8% were lost to follow-up and 6.0% had died 5 years after ART initiation. After accounting for undocumented deaths and self-transfers, we estimated that 66.6% of patients were retained on ART, 18.8% had stopped ART and 14.7% had died at 5 years.Improving long-term retention on ART will be crucial to attaining the 90% on ART target. Naïve analyses of HIV cohort studies, which do not account for undocumented mortality and self-transfer of patients, may severely underestimate both mortality and retention on ART.CONCLUSIONSImproving long-term retention on ART will be crucial to attaining the 90% on ART target. Naïve analyses of HIV cohort studies, which do not account for undocumented mortality and self-transfer of patients, may severely underestimate both mortality and retention on ART.
IntroductionBy 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long‐term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub‐Saharan Africa, this target is threatened by loss to follow‐up in ART programmes. The proportion of people retained on ART long‐term cannot be easily determined, because individuals classified as lost to follow‐up, may have self‐transferred to another HIV treatment programme, or may have died. We describe retention on ART in sub‐Saharan Africa, first based on observed data as recorded in the clinic databases, and second adjusted for undocumented deaths and self‐transfers.MethodsWe analysed data from HIV‐infected adults and children initiating ART between 2009 and 2014 at a sub‐Saharan African HIV treatment programme participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). We used the Kaplan–Meier method to calculate the cumulative incidence of retention on ART and the Aalen–Johansen method to calculate the cumulative incidences of death, loss to follow‐up, and stopping ART. We used inverse probability weighting to adjust clinic data for undocumented mortality and self‐transfer, based on estimates from a recent systematic review and meta‐analysis.ResultsWe included 505,634 patients: 12,848 (2.5%) from Central Africa, 109,233 (21.6%) from East Africa, 347,343 (68.7%) from Southern Africa and 36,210 (7.2%) from West Africa. In crude analyses of observed clinic data, 52.1% of patients were retained on ART, 41.8% were lost to follow‐up and 6.0% had died 5 years after ART initiation. After accounting for undocumented deaths and self‐transfers, we estimated that 66.6% of patients were retained on ART, 18.8% had stopped ART and 14.7% had died at 5 years.ConclusionsImproving long‐term retention on ART will be crucial to attaining the 90% on ART target. Naïve analyses of HIV cohort studies, which do not account for undocumented mortality and self‐transfer of patients, may severely underestimate both mortality and retention on ART.
Audience Academic
Author Poda, Armel
Niyongabo, Thêodore
Egger, Matthias
Zaniewski, Elizabeth
Haas, Andreas D
Anderegg, Nanina
Davies, Mary‐Ann
Ford, Nathan
Sinayobye, Jean d'Amour
Adedimeji, Adebola A
Nash, Denis
Edmonds, Andrew
Dabis, François
Vinikoor, Michael
Tanon, Aristophane
Fox, Matthew P
AuthorAffiliation 8 School of Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia
15 Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la santé Université Polytechnique de Bobo‐Dioulasso Bobo‐Dioulasso Burkina Faso
18 Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
9 ISPED Centre Inserm U1219‐Bordeaux Population Health Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux France
3 Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office Department of Internal Medicine School of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa
12 Rwanda Military Hospital Kigali Rwanda
14 Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (SMIT) CHU de Treichville Abidjan Cote d'Ivoire
7 Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia Lusaka Zambia
2 World Health Organisation Geneva Switzerland
5 Department of Global Health Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA
4 Department of Epidemiology Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA
6 Department of M
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 3 Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office Department of Internal Medicine School of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa
– name: 10 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics City University of New York, School of Public Health New York NY USA
– name: 8 School of Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia
– name: 16 Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center Bronx NY USA
– name: 6 Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA
– name: 1 Institute of Social & Preventive Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland
– name: 14 Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (SMIT) CHU de Treichville Abidjan Cote d'Ivoire
– name: 11 Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health City University of New York New York NY USA
– name: 12 Rwanda Military Hospital Kigali Rwanda
– name: 13 Centre National de Reference en Matiere de VIH/SIDA (CNR) Bujumbura Burundi
– name: 17 Department of Epidemiology The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA
– name: 9 ISPED Centre Inserm U1219‐Bordeaux Population Health Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux France
– name: 15 Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la santé Université Polytechnique de Bobo‐Dioulasso Bobo‐Dioulasso Burkina Faso
– name: 2 World Health Organisation Geneva Switzerland
– name: 4 Department of Epidemiology Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA
– name: 5 Department of Global Health Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA
– name: 7 Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia Lusaka Zambia
– name: 18 Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
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  givenname: Andreas D
  orcidid: 0000-0002-4849-181X
  surname: Haas
  fullname: Haas, Andreas D
  email: andreas.haas@ispm.unibe.ch
  organization: University of Bern
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  givenname: Elizabeth
  surname: Zaniewski
  fullname: Zaniewski, Elizabeth
  organization: University of Bern
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  givenname: Nanina
  surname: Anderegg
  fullname: Anderegg, Nanina
  organization: University of Bern
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  fullname: Ford, Nathan
  organization: World Health Organisation
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  givenname: Matthew P
  surname: Fox
  fullname: Fox, Matthew P
  organization: Boston University School of Public Health
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  givenname: Michael
  surname: Vinikoor
  fullname: Vinikoor, Michael
  organization: University of Zambia
– sequence: 7
  givenname: François
  surname: Dabis
  fullname: Dabis, François
  organization: Université de Bordeaux
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Denis
  surname: Nash
  fullname: Nash, Denis
  organization: City University of New York
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Jean d'Amour
  surname: Sinayobye
  fullname: Sinayobye, Jean d'Amour
  organization: Rwanda Military Hospital
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Thêodore
  surname: Niyongabo
  fullname: Niyongabo, Thêodore
  organization: Centre National de Reference en Matiere de VIH/SIDA (CNR)
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Aristophane
  surname: Tanon
  fullname: Tanon, Aristophane
  organization: CHU de Treichville
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Armel
  surname: Poda
  fullname: Poda, Armel
  organization: Université Polytechnique de Bobo‐Dioulasso
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Adebola A
  surname: Adedimeji
  fullname: Adedimeji, Adebola A
  organization: Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center
– sequence: 14
  givenname: Andrew
  surname: Edmonds
  fullname: Edmonds, Andrew
  organization: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
– sequence: 15
  givenname: Mary‐Ann
  surname: Davies
  fullname: Davies, Mary‐Ann
  organization: University of Cape Town
– sequence: 16
  givenname: Matthias
  surname: Egger
  fullname: Egger, Matthias
  organization: University of Cape Town
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29479867$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
https://hal.science/hal-03006877$$DView record in HAL
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Copyright 2018 The Authors. Journal of the International AIDS Society published by John Wiley & sons Ltd on behalf of the International AIDS Society.
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Issue 2
Keywords mortality
sub-Saharan Africa
antiretroviral therapy
retention
loss to follow-up
leDEA
IDLIC
Language English
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2018 The Authors. Journal of the International AIDS Society published by John Wiley & sons Ltd on behalf of the International AIDS Society.
Attribution: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by
This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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  doi: 10.1002/sim.2712
– ident: e_1_2_9_26_1
  doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw183
– ident: e_1_2_9_11_1
  doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02508.x
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Snippet Introduction By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long‐term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub‐Saharan Africa, this...
By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long-term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub-Saharan Africa, this target is...
Introduction: By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long-term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub-Saharan Africa, this...
Introduction: By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long?term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub?Saharan Africa, this...
Introduction: By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long‐term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub‐Saharan Africa, this...
By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long‐term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub‐Saharan Africa, this target is...
IntroductionBy 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long‐term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub‐Saharan Africa, this target...
INTRODUCTION: By 2020, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV should receive long-term combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). In sub-Saharan Africa, this...
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StartPage 1
SubjectTerms Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adjustment
Adolescent
Adult
Africa South of the Sahara - epidemiology
AIDS
AIDS treatment
Analysis
Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use
Antiretroviral agents
Antiretroviral drugs
antiretroviral therapy
Antiviral agents
Child
Child, Preschool
Clinics
Cohort Studies
Consortia
Dosage and administration
Drug therapy
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Estimates
Female
Follow-Up Studies
HIV
HIV infections
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - mortality
Hospitals
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Intersectoral Collaboration
Life Sciences
loss to follow‐up
Male
Management
Methods
Mortality
Patient compliance
Patient outcomes
Patients
Prevention
Retention
Retention in Care
Santé publique et épidémiologie
Short Report
Short Reports
Statistics
Studies
Substance abuse treatment
sub‐Saharan Africa
Survival analysis
Treatment outcome
Wellness programs
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Title Retention and mortality on antiretroviral therapy in sub‐Saharan Africa: collaborative analyses of HIV treatment programmes
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fjia2.25084
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29479867
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/2008359559
https://hal.science/hal-03006877
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5897849
Volume 21
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