Amidino-Containing Schiff Base Copper(II) and Iron(III) Chelates as a Thrombin Inhibitor

• Published in: Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin Vol. 53; no. 1; pp. 22 - 26
• Main Authors: Toyota, Eiko, Sekizaki, Haruo, Takahashi, Yu-u, Itoh, Kunihiko, Tanizawa, Kazutaka
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2005; Pharmaceutical Society of Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency
• Subjects: benzamidine derivative; Chelating Agents - chemistry; Chelating Agents - pharmacology; Copper - metabolism; inhibitory potency; Iron - metabolism; Schiff base metal chelate; Schiff Bases - metabolism; structure–activity relationship; Thrombin - antagonists & inhibitors; Thrombin - metabolism; thrombin inhibitor
• ISSN: 0009-2363; 1347-5223
• DOI: 10.1248/cpb.53.22

Four series of Schiff base copper(II) and iron(III) chelates were synthesized from 4-formyl-3-hydroxybenzamidine or 3-formyl-4-hydroxybenzamidine and various L- or D-amino acids. Their inhibitory activities for bovine α-thrombin (abbreviated as thrombin) were determined. The most potent thrombin inhibitor in this series is copper(II) chelate (1g′) derived from 4-formyl-3-hydroxybenzamidine and D-Trp. Its Ki value, 2.7×10−8 M, is comparable to that of Argatroban (MD-805), which is a clinically used compound. The iron(III) chelates derived from 4-formyl-3-hydroxybenzamidine and hydrophobic L-amino acids (Val, Ile, Leu, Phe, Trp, Met) also exhibited higher inhibitory potency. It appears that coordination geometry composed of metal ion, amidino group, amino acid side chain is well accommodated to the thrombin active site. From the Ki values of Schiff base metal chelates for thrombin, the structure–activity relationships between the chelates and active site of thrombin were discussed.