Bat Flight and Zoonotic Viruses
Bats are sources of high viral diversity and high-profile zoonotic viruses worldwide. Although apparently not pathogenic in their reservoir hosts, some viruses from bats severely affect other mammals, including humans. Examples include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, Ebola and Marbu...
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| Published in | Emerging infectious diseases Vol. 20; no. 5; pp. 741 - 745 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases
01.05.2014
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Bats are sources of high viral diversity and high-profile zoonotic viruses worldwide. Although apparently not pathogenic in their reservoir hosts, some viruses from bats severely affect other mammals, including humans. Examples include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, Ebola and Marburg viruses, and Nipah and Hendra viruses. Factors underlying high viral diversity in bats are the subject of speculation. We hypothesize that flight, a factor common to all bats but to no other mammals, provides an intensive selective force for coexistence with viral parasites through a daily cycle that elevates metabolism and body temperature analogous to the febrile response in other mammals. On an evolutionary scale, this host-virus interaction might have resulted in the large diversity of zoonotic viruses in bats, possibly through bat viruses adapting to be more tolerant of the fever response and less virulent to their natural hosts. |
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| AbstractList | Bats are sources of high viral diversity and high-profile zoonotic viruses worldwide. Although apparently not pathogenic in their reservoir hosts, some viruses from bats severely affect other mammals, including humans. Examples include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, Ebola and Marburg viruses, and Nipah and Hendra viruses. Factors underlying high viral diversity in bats are the subject of speculation. We hypothesize that flight, a factor common to all bats but to no other mammals, provides an intensive selective force for coexistence with viral parasites through a daily cycle that elevates metabolism and body temperature analogous to the febrile response in other mammals. On an evolutionary scale, this host–virus interaction might have resulted in the large diversity of zoonotic viruses in bats, possibly through bat viruses adapting to be more tolerant of the fever response and less virulent to their natural hosts. High metabolism and body temperatures of flying bats might enable them to host many viruses. Bats are sources of high viral diversity and high-profile zoonotic viruses worldwide. Although apparently not pathogenic in their reservoir hosts, some viruses from bats severely affect other mammals, including humans. Examples include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, Ebola and Marburg viruses, and Nipah and Hendra viruses. Factors underlying high viral diversity in bats are the subject of speculation. We hypothesize that flight, a factor common to all bats but to no other mammals, provides an intensive selective force for coexistence with viral parasites through a daily cycle that elevates metabolism and body temperature analogous to the febrile response in other mammals. On an evolutionary scale, this host–virus interaction might have resulted in the large diversity of zoonotic viruses in bats, possibly through bat viruses adapting to be more tolerant of the fever response and less virulent to their natural hosts. Bats are sources of high viral diversity and high-profile zoonotic viruses worldwide. Although apparently not pathogenic in their reservoir hosts, some viruses from bats severely affect other mammals, including humans. Examples include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, Ebola and Marburg viruses, and Nipah and Hendra viruses. Factors underlying high viral diversity in bats are the subject of speculation. We hypothesize that flight, a factor common to all bats but to no other mammals, provides an intensive selective force for coexistence with viral parasites through a daily cycle that elevates metabolism and body temperature analogous to the febrile response in other mammals. On an evolutionary scale, this host-virus interaction might have resulted in the large diversity of zoonotic viruses in bats, possibly through bat viruses adapting to be more tolerant of the fever response and less virulent to their natural hosts.Bats are sources of high viral diversity and high-profile zoonotic viruses worldwide. Although apparently not pathogenic in their reservoir hosts, some viruses from bats severely affect other mammals, including humans. Examples include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, Ebola and Marburg viruses, and Nipah and Hendra viruses. Factors underlying high viral diversity in bats are the subject of speculation. We hypothesize that flight, a factor common to all bats but to no other mammals, provides an intensive selective force for coexistence with viral parasites through a daily cycle that elevates metabolism and body temperature analogous to the febrile response in other mammals. On an evolutionary scale, this host-virus interaction might have resulted in the large diversity of zoonotic viruses in bats, possibly through bat viruses adapting to be more tolerant of the fever response and less virulent to their natural hosts. |
| Audience | Professional Academic |
| Author | Hayman, David T.S. Luis, Angela D. Wood, James L.N. Plowright, Raina K. Fooks, Anthony R. Cryan, Paul M. Peel, Alison J. Cunningham, Andrew A. O’Shea, Thomas J. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Thomas J. surname: O’Shea fullname: O’Shea, Thomas J. – sequence: 2 givenname: Paul M. surname: Cryan fullname: Cryan, Paul M. – sequence: 3 givenname: Andrew A. surname: Cunningham fullname: Cunningham, Andrew A. – sequence: 4 givenname: Anthony R. surname: Fooks fullname: Fooks, Anthony R. – sequence: 5 givenname: David T.S. surname: Hayman fullname: Hayman, David T.S. – sequence: 6 givenname: Angela D. surname: Luis fullname: Luis, Angela D. – sequence: 7 givenname: Alison J. surname: Peel fullname: Peel, Alison J. – sequence: 8 givenname: Raina K. surname: Plowright fullname: Plowright, Raina K. – sequence: 9 givenname: James L.N. surname: Wood fullname: Wood, James L.N. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24750692$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | Bats are sources of high viral diversity and high-profile zoonotic viruses worldwide. Although apparently not pathogenic in their reservoir hosts, some viruses... High metabolism and body temperatures of flying bats might enable them to host many viruses. Bats are sources of high viral diversity and high-profile zoonotic... |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Bats Biological Evolution Body Temperature Causes of Chiroptera Chiroptera - physiology Chiroptera - virology Disease Reservoirs - virology emerging zoonotic viruses Fever flight Flight, Animal Health aspects Host-Pathogen Interactions Humans Virus diseases Zoonoses Zoonoses - transmission Zoonoses - virology |
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| Title | Bat Flight and Zoonotic Viruses |
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