Accelerated Lipofuscinosis and Ubiquitination in Granulin Knockout Mice Suggest a Role for Progranulin in Successful Aging

Progranulin (PGRN) is involved in wound repair, inflammation, and tumor formation, but its function in the central nervous system is unknown. Roles in development, sexual differentiation, and long-term neuronal survival have been suggested. Mutations in the GRN gene resulting in partial loss of the...

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Published inThe American journal of pathology Vol. 177; no. 1; pp. 311 - 324
Main Authors Ahmed, Zeshan, Sheng, Hong, Xu, Ya-fei, Lin, Wen-Lang, Innes, Amy E., Gass, Jennifer, Yu, Xin, Hou, Harold, Chiba, Shuichi, Yamanouchi, Keitaro, Leissring, Malcolm, Petrucelli, Leonard, Nishihara, Masugi, Hutton, Michael L., McGowan, Eileen, Dickson, Dennis W., Lewis, Jada
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Bethesda, MD Elsevier Inc 01.07.2010
American Society for Investigative Pathology
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Abstract Progranulin (PGRN) is involved in wound repair, inflammation, and tumor formation, but its function in the central nervous system is unknown. Roles in development, sexual differentiation, and long-term neuronal survival have been suggested. Mutations in the GRN gene resulting in partial loss of the encoded PGRN protein cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions. We sought to understand the neuropathological consequences of loss of PGRN function throughout the lifespan of GRN -deficient ( −/+ and −/−) mice. An aged series of GRN -deficient and wild-type mice were compared by histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Although GRN -deficient mice were viable, GRN −/− mice were produced at lower than predicted frequency. Neuropathologically, GRN −/+ were indistinguishable from controls; however, GRN −/− mice developed age-associated, abnormal intraneuronal ubiquitin-positive autofluorescent lipofuscin. Lipofuscin was noted in aged GRN +/+ mice at levels comparable with those of young GRN −/− mice. GRN −/− mice developed microgliosis, astrogliosis, and tissue vacuolation, with focal neuronal loss and severe gliosis apparent in the oldest GRN −/− mice. Although no overt frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions type- or TAR DNA binding protein-43-positive lesions were observed, robust lipofuscinosis and ubiquitination in GRN −/− mice is strikingly similar to changes associated with aging and cellular decline in humans and animal models. Our data suggests that PGRN plays a key role in maintaining neuronal function during aging and supports the notion that PGRN is a trophic factor essential for long-term neuronal survival.
AbstractList Progranulin (PGRN) is involved in wound repair, inflammation, and tumor formation, but its function in the central nervous system is unknown. Roles in development, sexual differentiation, and long-term neuronal survival have been suggested. Mutations in the GRN gene resulting in partial loss of the encoded PGRN protein cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions. We sought to understand the neuropathological consequences of loss of PGRN function throughout the lifespan of GRN -deficient ( −/+ and −/−) mice. An aged series of GRN -deficient and wild-type mice were compared by histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Although GRN -deficient mice were viable, GRN −/− mice were produced at lower than predicted frequency. Neuropathologically, GRN −/+ were indistinguishable from controls; however, GRN −/− mice developed age-associated, abnormal intraneuronal ubiquitin-positive autofluorescent lipofuscin. Lipofuscin was noted in aged GRN +/+ mice at levels comparable with those of young GRN −/− mice. GRN −/− mice developed microgliosis, astrogliosis, and tissue vacuolation, with focal neuronal loss and severe gliosis apparent in the oldest GRN −/− mice. Although no overt frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions type- or TAR DNA binding protein-43-positive lesions were observed, robust lipofuscinosis and ubiquitination in GRN −/− mice is strikingly similar to changes associated with aging and cellular decline in humans and animal models. Our data suggests that PGRN plays a key role in maintaining neuronal function during aging and supports the notion that PGRN is a trophic factor essential for long-term neuronal survival.
Progranulin (PGRN) is involved in wound repair, inflammation, and tumor formation, but its function in the central nervous system is unknown. Roles in development, sexual differentiation, and long-term neuronal survival have been suggested. Mutations in the GRN gene resulting in partial loss of the encoded PGRN protein cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions. We sought to understand the neuropathological consequences of loss of PGRN function throughout the lifespan of GRN -deficient ( −/+ and −/− ) mice. An aged series of GRN -deficient and wild-type mice were compared by histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Although GRN -deficient mice were viable, GRN −/− mice were produced at lower than predicted frequency. Neuropathologically, GRN −/+ were indistinguishable from controls; however, GRN −/− mice developed age-associated, abnormal intraneuronal ubiquitin-positive autofluorescent lipofuscin. Lipofuscin was noted in aged GRN +/+ mice at levels comparable with those of young GRN −/− mice. GRN −/− mice developed microgliosis, astrogliosis, and tissue vacuolation, with focal neuronal loss and severe gliosis apparent in the oldest GRN −/− mice. Although no overt frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions type- or TAR DNA binding protein-43-positive lesions were observed, robust lipofuscinosis and ubiquitination in GRN −/− mice is strikingly similar to changes associated with aging and cellular decline in humans and animal models. Our data suggests that PGRN plays a key role in maintaining neuronal function during aging and supports the notion that PGRN is a trophic factor essential for long-term neuronal survival.
Progranulin (PGRN) is involved in wound repair, inflammation, and tumor formation, but its function in the central nervous system is unknown. Roles in development, sexual differentiation, and long-term neuronal survival have been suggested. Mutations in the GRN gene resulting in partial loss of the encoded PGRN protein cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions. We sought to understand the neuropathological consequences of loss of PGRN function throughout the lifespan of GRN-deficient ((-/+) and (-/-)) mice. An aged series of GRN-deficient and wild-type mice were compared by histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Although GRN-deficient mice were viable, GRN(-/-) mice were produced at lower than predicted frequency. Neuropathologically, GRN(-/+) were indistinguishable from controls; however, GRN(-/-) mice developed age-associated, abnormal intraneuronal ubiquitin-positive autofluorescent lipofuscin. Lipofuscin was noted in aged GRN(+/+) mice at levels comparable with those of young GRN(-/-) mice. GRN(-/-) mice developed microgliosis, astrogliosis, and tissue vacuolation, with focal neuronal loss and severe gliosis apparent in the oldest GRN(-/-) mice. Although no overt frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions type- or TAR DNA binding protein-43-positive lesions were observed, robust lipofuscinosis and ubiquitination in GRN(-/-) mice is strikingly similar to changes associated with aging and cellular decline in humans and animal models. Our data suggests that PGRN plays a key role in maintaining neuronal function during aging and supports the notion that PGRN is a trophic factor essential for long-term neuronal survival.
Progranulin (PGRN) is involved in wound repair, inflammation, and tumor formation, but its function in the central nervous system is unknown. Roles in development, sexual differentiation, and long-term neuronal survival have been suggested. Mutations in the GRN gene resulting in partial loss of the encoded PGRN protein cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions. We sought to understand the neuropathological consequences of loss of PGRN function throughout the lifespan of GRN-deficient ((-/+) and (-/-)) mice. An aged series of GRN-deficient and wild-type mice were compared by histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Although GRN-deficient mice were viable, GRN(-/-) mice were produced at lower than predicted frequency. Neuropathologically, GRN(-/+) were indistinguishable from controls; however, GRN(-/-) mice developed age-associated, abnormal intraneuronal ubiquitin-positive autofluorescent lipofuscin. Lipofuscin was noted in aged GRN(+/+) mice at levels comparable with those of young GRN(-/-) mice. GRN(-/-) mice developed microgliosis, astrogliosis, and tissue vacuolation, with focal neuronal loss and severe gliosis apparent in the oldest GRN(-/-) mice. Although no overt frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions type- or TAR DNA binding protein-43-positive lesions were observed, robust lipofuscinosis and ubiquitination in GRN(-/-) mice is strikingly similar to changes associated with aging and cellular decline in humans and animal models. Our data suggests that PGRN plays a key role in maintaining neuronal function during aging and supports the notion that PGRN is a trophic factor essential for long-term neuronal survival.Progranulin (PGRN) is involved in wound repair, inflammation, and tumor formation, but its function in the central nervous system is unknown. Roles in development, sexual differentiation, and long-term neuronal survival have been suggested. Mutations in the GRN gene resulting in partial loss of the encoded PGRN protein cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions. We sought to understand the neuropathological consequences of loss of PGRN function throughout the lifespan of GRN-deficient ((-/+) and (-/-)) mice. An aged series of GRN-deficient and wild-type mice were compared by histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Although GRN-deficient mice were viable, GRN(-/-) mice were produced at lower than predicted frequency. Neuropathologically, GRN(-/+) were indistinguishable from controls; however, GRN(-/-) mice developed age-associated, abnormal intraneuronal ubiquitin-positive autofluorescent lipofuscin. Lipofuscin was noted in aged GRN(+/+) mice at levels comparable with those of young GRN(-/-) mice. GRN(-/-) mice developed microgliosis, astrogliosis, and tissue vacuolation, with focal neuronal loss and severe gliosis apparent in the oldest GRN(-/-) mice. Although no overt frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions type- or TAR DNA binding protein-43-positive lesions were observed, robust lipofuscinosis and ubiquitination in GRN(-/-) mice is strikingly similar to changes associated with aging and cellular decline in humans and animal models. Our data suggests that PGRN plays a key role in maintaining neuronal function during aging and supports the notion that PGRN is a trophic factor essential for long-term neuronal survival.
Progranulin (PGRN) is involved in wound repair, inflammation, and tumor formation, but its function in the central nervous system is unknown. Roles in development, sexual differentiation, and long-term neuronal survival have been suggested. Mutations in the GRN gene resulting in partial loss of the encoded PGRN protein cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions. We sought to understand the neuropathological consequences of loss of PGRN function throughout the lifespan of GRN -deficient (−/+ and−/− ) mice. An aged series of GRN -deficient and wild-type mice were compared by histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Although GRN -deficient mice were viable, GRN−/− mice were produced at lower than predicted frequency. Neuropathologically, GRN−/+ were indistinguishable from controls; however, GRN−/− mice developed age-associated, abnormal intraneuronal ubiquitin-positive autofluorescent lipofuscin. Lipofuscin was noted in aged GRN+/+ mice at levels comparable with those of young GRN−/− mice. GRN−/− mice developed microgliosis, astrogliosis, and tissue vacuolation, with focal neuronal loss and severe gliosis apparent in the oldest GRN−/− mice. Although no overt frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin immunoreactive inclusions type- or TAR DNA binding protein-43-positive lesions were observed, robust lipofuscinosis and ubiquitination in GRN−/− mice is strikingly similar to changes associated with aging and cellular decline in humans and animal models. Our data suggests that PGRN plays a key role in maintaining neuronal function during aging and supports the notion that PGRN is a trophic factor essential for long-term neuronal survival.
Author Yu, Xin
Leissring, Malcolm
Lewis, Jada
Lin, Wen-Lang
Dickson, Dennis W.
Sheng, Hong
Yamanouchi, Keitaro
Hou, Harold
Hutton, Michael L.
Innes, Amy E.
Nishihara, Masugi
Chiba, Shuichi
Petrucelli, Leonard
Gass, Jennifer
Xu, Ya-fei
Ahmed, Zeshan
McGowan, Eileen
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  surname: Ahmed
  fullname: Ahmed, Zeshan
  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Hong
  surname: Sheng
  fullname: Sheng, Hong
  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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  givenname: Ya-fei
  surname: Xu
  fullname: Xu, Ya-fei
  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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  givenname: Wen-Lang
  surname: Lin
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  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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  surname: Innes
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  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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  surname: Gass
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  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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  fullname: Yu, Xin
  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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  surname: Chiba
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  givenname: Keitaro
  surname: Yamanouchi
  fullname: Yamanouchi, Keitaro
  organization: Department of Veterinary Physiology, Veterinary Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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  fullname: Nishihara, Masugi
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  givenname: Michael L.
  surname: Hutton
  fullname: Hutton, Michael L.
  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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  surname: McGowan
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  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20522652$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 1
Keywords Progranulin
Ageing
Metabolic diseases
Enzymopathy
Lipofuscinosis
Genetic disease
Anatomic pathology
Ubiquitination
Animal
Knockout mouse
Pigments
Lipoidosis
Age
Language English
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Snippet Progranulin (PGRN) is involved in wound repair, inflammation, and tumor formation, but its function in the central nervous system is unknown. Roles in...
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StartPage 311
SubjectTerms Aging - physiology
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Brain - cytology
Brain - metabolism
Brain - pathology
Errors of metabolism
Humans
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism
Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)
Lipids (lysosomal enzyme disorders, storage diseases)
Medical sciences
Metabolic diseases
Mice
Mice, Knockout
Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses - genetics
Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses - metabolism
Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses - pathology
Neurons - cytology
Neurons - metabolism
Pathology
Pathology. Cytology. Biochemistry. Spectrometry. Miscellaneous investigative techniques
Progranulins
Regular
Ubiquitin - metabolism
Ubiquitination
Title Accelerated Lipofuscinosis and Ubiquitination in Granulin Knockout Mice Suggest a Role for Progranulin in Successful Aging
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https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S0002944010600879
https://dx.doi.org/10.2353/ajpath.2010.090915
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20522652
https://www.proquest.com/docview/733641350
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC2893674
Volume 177
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