Spiral and target patterns in bivalve nacre manifest a natural excitable medium from layer growth of a biological liquid crystal - Cartwright, Julyan H.E; Checa, Antonio G; Escribano, Bruno; Sainz-Díaz, C. Ignacio (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2009)
Keywords: Algorithms; Animals; Aragonite; biocomposites; Biological Sciences; Bivalvia; Bivalvia - chemistry; Bivalvia - growth & development; Bivalvia - ultrastructure; Calcium carbonate; Calcium Carbonate - chemistry; Carbohydrates; Cell growth; Cell membranes; Chitin; Crystal growth; Crystallites; Crystals; Liquid crystals; Liquid Crystals - chemistry; mechanical properties; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Minerals - chemistry; Models, Biological; Molecular structure; Molecules; Mollusks; Nucleation; Physical Sciences; Polysaccharides - chemistry; Proteins; Proteins - chemistry; Raw materials; Shells