mosaic analysis in Drosophila fat body cells of the control of antimicrobial peptide genes by the Rel proteins Dorsal and DIF
Expression of the gene encoding the antifungal peptide Drosomycin in Drosophila adults is controlled by the Toll signaling pathway. The Rel proteins Dorsal and DIF (Dorsal‐related immunity factor) are possible candidates for the transactivating protein in the Toll pathway that directly regulates the...
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| Published in | The EMBO journal Vol. 18; no. 12; pp. 3380 - 3391 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Chichester, UK
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
15.06.1999
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Expression of the gene encoding the antifungal peptide Drosomycin in Drosophila adults is controlled by the Toll signaling pathway. The Rel proteins Dorsal and DIF (Dorsal‐related immunity factor) are possible candidates for the transactivating protein in the Toll pathway that directly regulates the drosomycin gene. We have examined the requirement of Dorsal and DIF for drosomycin expression in larval fat body cells, the predominant immune‐responsive tissue, using the yeast site‐specific flp/FRT recombination system to generate cell clones homozygous for a deficiency uncovering both the dorsal and the dif genes. Here we show that in the absence of both genes, the immune‐inducibility of drosomycin is lost but can be rescued by overexpression of either dorsal or dif under the control of a heat‐shock promoter. This result suggests a functional redundancy between both Rel proteins in the control of drosomycin gene expression in the larvae of Drosophila. Interestingly, the gene encoding the antibacterial peptide Diptericin remains fully inducible in the absence of the dorsal and dif genes. Finally, we have used fat body cell clones homozygous for various mutations to show that a linear activation cascade Spaetzle→ Toll→Cactus→Dorsal/DIF leads to the induction of the drosomycin gene in larval fat body cells. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Expression of the gene encoding the antifungal peptide Drosomycin in Drosophila adults is controlled by the Toll signaling pathway. The Rel proteins Dorsal and DIF (Dorsal-related immunity factor) are possible candidates for the transactivating protein in the Toll pathway that directly regulates the drosomycin gene. We have examined the requirement of Dorsal and DIF for drosomycin expression in larval fat body cells, the predominant immune-responsive tissue, using the yeast site-specific flp/FRT recombination system to generate cell clones homozygous for a deficiency uncovering both the dorsal and the dif genes. Here we show that in the absence of both genes, the immune-inducibility of drosomycin is lost but can be rescued by overexpression of either dorsal or dif under the control of a heat-shock promoter. This result suggests a functional redundancy between both Rel proteins in the control of drosomycin gene expression in the larvae of Drosophila. Interestingly, the gene encoding the antibacterial peptide Diptericin remains fully inducible in the absence of the dorsal and dif genes. Finally, we have used fat body cell clones homozygous for various mutations to show that a linear activation cascade Spaetzle--> Toll-->Cactus-->Dorsal/DIF leads to the induction of the drosomycin gene in larval fat body cells. Expression of the gene encoding the antifungal peptide Drosomycin in Drosophila adults is controlled by the Toll signaling pathway. The Rel proteins Dorsal and DIF (Dorsal-related immunity factor) are possible candidates for the transactivating protein in the Toll pathway that directly regulates the drosomycin gene. We have examined the requirement of Dorsal and DIF for drosomycin expression in larval fat body cells, the predominant immune-responsive tissue, using the yeast site-specific flp/FRT recombination system to generate cell clones homozygous for a deficiency uncovering both the dorsal and the dif genes. Here we show that in the absence of both genes, the immune-inducibility of drosomycin is lost but can be rescued by overexpression of either dorsal or dif under the control of a heat-shock promoter. This result suggests a functional redundancy between both Rel proteins in the control of drosomycin gene expression in the larvae of Drosophila. Interestingly, the gene encoding the antibacterial peptide Diptericin remains fully inducible in the absence of the dorsal and dif genes. Finally, we have used fat body cell clones homozygous for various mutations to show that a linear activation cascade Spaetzle--> Toll-->Cactus-->Dorsal/DIF leads to the induction of the drosomycin gene in larval fat body cells. Expression of the gene encoding the antifungal peptide Drosomycin in Drosophila adults is controlled by the Toll signaling pathway. The Rel proteins Dorsal and DIF (Dorsal-related immunity factor) are possible candidates for the transactivating protein in the Toll pathway that directly regulates the drosomycin gene. We have examined the requirement of Dorsal and DIF for drosomycin expression in larval fat body cells, the predominant immune-responsive tissue, using the yeast site-specific flp/FRT recombination system to generate cell clones homozygous for a deficiency uncovering both the dorsal and the dif genes. Here we show that in the absence of both genes, the immune- inducibility of drosomycin is lost but can be rescued by overexpression of either dorsal or dif under the control of a heat-shock promoter. This result suggests a functional redundancy between both Rel proteins in the control of drosomycin gene expression in the larvae of Drosophila. Interestingly, the gene encoding the antibacterial peptide Diptericin remains fully inducible in the absence of the dorsal and dif genes. Finally, we have used fat body cell clones homozygous for various mutations to show that a linear activation cascade Spaetzle arrow right Toll arrow right Cactus arrow right Dorsal/DIF leads to the induction of the drosomycin gene in larval fat body cells. Expression of the gene encoding the antifungal peptide Drosomycin in Drosophila adults is controlled by the Toll signaling pathway. The Rel proteins Dorsal and DIF (Dorsal‐related immunity factor) are possible candidates for the transactivating protein in the Toll pathway that directly regulates the drosomycin gene. We have examined the requirement of Dorsal and DIF for drosomycin expression in larval fat body cells, the predominant immune‐responsive tissue, using the yeast site‐specific flp/FRT recombination system to generate cell clones homozygous for a deficiency uncovering both the dorsal and the dif genes. Here we show that in the absence of both genes, the immune‐inducibility of drosomycin is lost but can be rescued by overexpression of either dorsal or dif under the control of a heat‐shock promoter. This result suggests a functional redundancy between both Rel proteins in the control of drosomycin gene expression in the larvae of Drosophila. Interestingly, the gene encoding the antibacterial peptide Diptericin remains fully inducible in the absence of the dorsal and dif genes. Finally, we have used fat body cell clones homozygous for various mutations to show that a linear activation cascade Spaetzle→ Toll→Cactus→Dorsal/DIF leads to the induction of the drosomycin gene in larval fat body cells. Expression of the gene encoding the antifungal peptide Drosomycin in Drosophila adults is controlled by the Toll signaling pathway. The Rel proteins Dorsal and DIF (Dorsal-related immunity factor) are possible candidates for the transactivating protein in the Toll pathway that directly regulates the drosomycin gene. We have examined the requirement of Dorsal and DIF for drosomycin expression in larval fat body cells, the predominant immune-responsive tissue, using the yeast site-specific flp/FRT recombination system to generate cell clones homozygous for a deficiency uncovering both the dorsal and the dif genes. Here we show that in the absence of both genes, the immune-inducibility of drosomycin is lost but can be rescued by overexpression of either dorsal or dif under the control of a heat-shock promoter. This result suggests a functional redundancy between both Rel proteins in the control of drosomycin gene expression in the larvae of Drosophila. Interestingly, the gene encoding the antibacterial peptide Diptericin remains fully inducible in the absence of the dorsal and dif genes. Finally, we have used fat body cell clones homozygous for various mutations to show that a linear activation cascade Spaetzle[Right arrow] Toll[Right arrow]Cactus[Right arrow]Dorsal/DIF leads to the induction of the drosomycin gene in larval fat body cells. |
| Author | Hoffmann, J.A Lemaitre, B Reichhart, J.M Steward, R Manfruelli, P |
| AuthorAffiliation | Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UPR 9022 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 15, Rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UPR 9022 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 15, Rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Manfruelli, P – sequence: 2 fullname: Reichhart, J.M – sequence: 3 fullname: Steward, R – sequence: 4 fullname: Hoffmann, J.A – sequence: 5 fullname: Lemaitre, B |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10369678$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Anti-Infective Agents beta-galactosidase Clone Cells - metabolism defense mechanisms DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics DNA-Binding Proteins - physiology drosomycin Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila melanogaster - cytology Drosophila melanogaster - genetics Drosophila melanogaster - immunology Drosophila Proteins Escherichia coli experimental infections fat body Fat Body - metabolism Female gene expression Gene Expression Regulation Genes, Insect Genes, Reporter genetic regulation histochemistry innate immunity Insect Proteins - genetics Insect Proteins - physiology Larva - cytology Larva - genetics Larvae Male Membrane Glycoproteins - genetics Membrane Glycoproteins - physiology messenger RNA Micrococcus luteus mosaic analysis Mosaicism Mutation Nuclear Proteins - genetics Nuclear Proteins - physiology peptides Phosphoproteins - genetics Phosphoproteins - physiology Receptors, Cell Surface Rel proteins reporter genes Signal Transduction - genetics Signal Transduction - physiology Toll pathway Toll-Like Receptors Transcription Factors transgenic animals Yeasts |
| Title | mosaic analysis in Drosophila fat body cells of the control of antimicrobial peptide genes by the Rel proteins Dorsal and DIF |
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