Decreased Expression of the DNA Mismatch Repair Gene Mlh1 under Hypoxic Stress in Mammalian Cells

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Published inMolecular and Cellular Biology Vol. 23; no. 9; pp. 3265 - 3273
Main Authors Mihaylova, Valia T., Bindra, Ranjit S., Yuan, Jianling, Campisi, Denise, Narayanan, Latha, Jensen, Ryan, Giordano, Frank, Johnson, Randall S., Rockwell, Sara, Glazer, Peter M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Society for Microbiology 01.05.2003
Taylor & Francis
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Abstract Article Usage Stats Services MCB Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue Spotlights in the Current Issue MCB About MCB Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy MCB RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0270-7306 Online ISSN: 1098-5549 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to MCB .asm.org, visit: MCB       
AbstractList The hypoxic tumor microenvironment has been shown to contribute to genetic instability. As one possible mechanism for this effect, we report that expression of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene Mlh1 is specifically reduced in mammalian cells under hypoxia, whereas expression of other MMR genes, including Msh2, Msh6, and Pms2, is not altered at the mRNA level. However, levels of the PMS2 protein are reduced, consistent with destabilization of PMS2 in the absence of its heterodimer partner, MLH1. The hypoxia-induced reduction in Mlh1 mRNA was prevented by the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A, suggesting that hypoxia causes decreased Mlh1 transcription via histone deacetylation. In addition, treatment of cells with the iron chelator desferrioxamine also reduced MLH1 and PMS2 levels, in keeping with low oxygen tension being the stress signal that provokes the altered MMR gene expression. Functional MMR deficiency under hypoxia was detected as induced instability of a (CA) sub(29) dinucleotide repeat and by increased mutagenesis in a chromosomal reporter gene. These results identify a potential new pathway of genetic instability in cancer: hypoxia-induced reduction in the expression of key MMR proteins. In addition, this stress-induced genetic instability may represent a conceptual parallel to the pathway of stationary-phase mutagenesis seen in bacteria.
The hypoxic tumor microenvironment has been shown to contribute to genetic instability. As one possible mechanism for this effect, we report that expression of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene Mlh1 is specifically reduced in mammalian cells under hypoxia, whereas expression of other MMR genes, including Msh2, Msh6, and Pms2, is not altered at the mRNA level. However, levels of the PMS2 protein are reduced, consistent with destabilization of PMS2 in the absence of its heterodimer partner, MLH1. The hypoxia-induced reduction in Mlh1 mRNA was prevented by the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A, suggesting that hypoxia causes decreased Mlh1 transcription via histone deacetylation. In addition, treatment of cells with the iron chelator desferrioxamine also reduced MLH1 and PMS2 levels, in keeping with low oxygen tension being the stress signal that provokes the altered MMR gene expression. Functional MMR deficiency under hypoxia was detected as induced instability of a (CA)(29) dinucleotide repeat and by increased mutagenesis in a chromosomal reporter gene. These results identify a potential new pathway of genetic instability in cancer: hypoxia-induced reduction in the expression of key MMR proteins. In addition, this stress-induced genetic instability may represent a conceptual parallel to the pathway of stationary-phase mutagenesis seen in bacteria.
The hypoxic tumor microenvironment has been shown to contribute to genetic instability. As one possible mechanism for this effect, we report that expression of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene Mlh1 is specifically reduced in mammalian cells under hypoxia, whereas expression of other MMR genes, including Msh2 , Msh6 , and Pms2 , is not altered at the mRNA level. However, levels of the PMS2 protein are reduced, consistent with destabilization of PMS2 in the absence of its heterodimer partner, MLH1. The hypoxia-induced reduction in Mlh1 mRNA was prevented by the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A, suggesting that hypoxia causes decreased Mlh1 transcription via histone deacetylation. In addition, treatment of cells with the iron chelator desferrioxamine also reduced MLH1 and PMS2 levels, in keeping with low oxygen tension being the stress signal that provokes the altered MMR gene expression. Functional MMR deficiency under hypoxia was detected as induced instability of a (CA) 29 dinucleotide repeat and by increased mutagenesis in a chromosomal reporter gene. These results identify a potential new pathway of genetic instability in cancer: hypoxia-induced reduction in the expression of key MMR proteins. In addition, this stress-induced genetic instability may represent a conceptual parallel to the pathway of stationary-phase mutagenesis seen in bacteria.
The hypoxic tumor microenvironment has been shown to contribute to genetic instability. As one possible mechanism for this effect, we report that expression of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene Mlh1 is specifically reduced in mammalian cells under hypoxia, whereas expression of other MMR genes, including Msh2, Msh6, and Pms2, is not altered at the mRNA level. However, levels of the PMS2 protein are reduced, consistent with destabilization of PMS2 in the absence of its heterodimer partner, MLH1. The hypoxia-induced reduction in Mlh1 mRNA was prevented by the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A, suggesting that hypoxia causes decreased Mlh1 transcription via histone deacetylation. In addition, treatment of cells with the iron chelator desferrioxamine also reduced MLH1 and PMS2 levels, in keeping with low oxygen tension being the stress signal that provokes the altered MMR gene expression. Functional MMR deficiency under hypoxia was detected as induced instability of a (CA) 29 dinucleotide repeat and by increased mutagenesis in a chromosomal reporter gene. These results identify a potential new pathway of genetic instability in cancer: hypoxia-induced reduction in the expression of key MMR proteins. In addition, this stress-induced genetic instability may represent a conceptual parallel to the pathway of stationary-phase mutagenesis seen in bacteria.
Article Usage Stats Services MCB Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue Spotlights in the Current Issue MCB About MCB Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy MCB RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0270-7306 Online ISSN: 1098-5549 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to MCB .asm.org, visit: MCB       
Author Denise Campisi
Peter M. Glazer
Frank Giordano
Latha Narayanan
Sara Rockwell
Ranjit S. Bindra
Jianling Yuan
Ryan Jensen
Randall S. Johnson
Valia T. Mihaylova
AuthorAffiliation Departments of Therapeutic Radiology, 1 Genetics, 2 Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8040, 3 Division of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 4
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Departments of Therapeutic Radiology, 1 Genetics, 2 Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8040, 3 Division of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 4
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  givenname: Peter M.
  surname: Glazer
  fullname: Glazer, Peter M.
  email: peter.glazer@yale.edu
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12697826$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 208040, New Haven, CT 06520-8040. Phone: (203) 737-2788. Fax: (203) 737-2630. E-mail: peter.glazer@yale.edu.
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Snippet Article Usage Stats Services MCB Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley...
The hypoxic tumor microenvironment has been shown to contribute to genetic instability. As one possible mechanism for this effect, we report that expression of...
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SubjectTerms Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
Adenosine Triphosphatases - genetics
Adenosine Triphosphatases - metabolism
Animals
Base Pair Mismatch
beta-Galactosidase - genetics
Carrier Proteins
Cell Hypoxia - genetics
Cell Hypoxia - physiology
Cells, Cultured
Deferoxamine - pharmacology
Dinucleotide Repeats
DNA Dynamics and Chromosome Structure
DNA Repair - genetics
DNA Repair Enzymes
DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology
Fibroblasts - cytology
Fibroblasts - metabolism
Genes, Reporter
HeLa Cells - cytology
Humans
Hydroxamic Acids - pharmacology
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
Iron Chelating Agents - pharmacology
Methylation
Mice
Mice, Transgenic
Mismatch Repair Endonuclease PMS2
MutL Protein Homolog 1
MutS Homolog 2 Protein
Neoplasm Proteins - genetics
Neoplasm Proteins - metabolism
Nuclear Proteins
Proto-Oncogene Proteins - drug effects
Proto-Oncogene Proteins - genetics
Proto-Oncogene Proteins - metabolism
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Transcription Factors - drug effects
Transcription Factors - genetics
Title Decreased Expression of the DNA Mismatch Repair Gene Mlh1 under Hypoxic Stress in Mammalian Cells
URI http://mcb.asm.org/content/23/9/3265.abstract
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1128/MCB.23.9.3265-3273.2003
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12697826
https://search.proquest.com/docview/18733952
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Volume 23
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