Molecular Evidence for a Uniform Microbial Community in Sponges from Different Oceans
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| Published in | Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 68; no. 9; pp. 4431 - 4440 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Washington, DC
American Society for Microbiology
01.09.2002
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| AbstractList | Sponges (class Porifera) are evolutionarily ancient metazoans that populate the tropical oceans in great abundances but also occur in temperate regions and even in freshwater. Sponges contain large numbers of bacteria that are embedded within the animal matrix. The phylogeny of these bacteria and the evolutionary age of the interaction are virtually unknown. In order to provide insights into the species richness of the microbial community of sponges, we performed a comprehensive diversity survey based on 190 sponge-derived 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences. The sponges
Aplysina aerophoba
and
Theonella swinhoei
were chosen for construction of the bacterial 16S rDNA library because they are taxonomically distantly related and they populate nonoverlapping geographic regions. In both sponges, a uniform microbial community was discovered whose phylogenetic signature is distinctly different from that of marine plankton or marine sediments. Altogether 14 monophyletic, sponge-specific sequence clusters were identified that belong to at least seven different bacterial divisions. By definition, the sequences of each cluster are more closely related to each other than to a sequence from nonsponge sources. These monophyletic clusters comprise 70% of all publicly available sponge-derived 16S rDNA sequences, reflecting the generality of the observed phenomenon. This shared microbial fraction represents the smallest common denominator of the sponges investigated in this study. Bacteria that are exclusively found in certain host species or that occur only transiently would have been missed. A picture emerges where sponges can be viewed as highly concentrated reservoirs of so far uncultured and elusive marine microorganisms. Sponges (class Porifera) are evolutionarily ancient metazoans that populate the tropical oceans in great abundances but also occur in temperate regions and even in freshwater. Sponges contain large numbers of bacteria that are embedded within the animal matrix. The phylogeny of these bacteria and the evolutionary age of the interaction are virtually unknown. In order to provide insights into the species richness of the microbial community of sponges, we performed a comprehensive diversity survey based on 190 sponge-derived 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences. The sponges Aplysina aerophoba and Theonella swinhoei were chosen for construction of the bacterial 16S rDNA library because they are taxonomically distantly related and they populate nonoverlapping geographic regions. In both sponges, a uniform microbial community was discovered whose phylogenetic signature is distinctly different from that of marine plankton or marine sediments. Altogether 14 monophyletic, sponge-specific sequence clusters were identified that belong to at least seven different bacterial divisions. By definition, the sequences of each cluster are more closely related to each other than to a sequence from nonsponge sources. These monophyletic clusters comprise 70% of all publicly available sponge-derived 16S rDNA sequences, reflecting the generality of the observed phenomenon. This shared microbial fraction represents the smallest common denominator of the sponges investigated in this study. Bacteria that are exclusively found in certain host species or that occur only transiently would have been missed. A picture emerges where sponges can be viewed as highly concentrated reservoirs of so far uncultured and elusive marine microorganisms. ABSTRACT Sponges (class Porifera) are evolutionarily ancient metazoans that populate the tropical oceans in great abundances but also occur in temperate regions and even in freshwater. Sponges contain large numbers of bacteria that are embedded within the animal matrix. The phylogeny of these bacteria and the evolutionary age of the interaction are virtually unknown. In order to provide insights into the species richness of the microbial community of sponges, we performed a comprehensive diversity survey based on 190 sponge-derived 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences. The sponges Aplysina aerophoba and Theonella swinhoei were chosen for construction of the bacterial 16S rDNA library because they are taxonomically distantly related and they populate nonoverlapping geographic regions. In both sponges, a uniform microbial community was discovered whose phylogenetic signature is distinctly different from that of marine plankton or marine sediments. Altogether 14 monophyletic, sponge-specific sequence clusters were identified that belong to at least seven different bacterial divisions. By definition, the sequences of each cluster are more closely related to each other than to a sequence from nonsponge sources. These monophyletic clusters comprise 70% of all publicly available sponge-derived 16S rDNA sequences, reflecting the generality of the observed phenomenon. This shared microbial fraction represents the smallest common denominator of the sponges investigated in this study. Bacteria that are exclusively found in certain host species or that occur only transiently would have been missed. A picture emerges where sponges can be viewed as highly concentrated reservoirs of so far uncultured and elusive marine microorganisms. Classifications Services AEM Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue Spotlights in the Current Issue AEM About AEM Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy AEM RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0099-2240 Online ISSN: 1098-5336 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to AEM .asm.org, visit: AEM Sponges are evolutionarily ancient metazoans that populate the tropical oceans in great abundances but also occur in temperate regions and even in freshwater. In order to provide insights into the species richness of the microbial community of sponges, Hentschel et al performed a comprehensive diversity survey based on 190 sponge-derived 16S ribosomal DNA sequences. |
| Author | Anja B. Friedrich Michael Wagner Ute Hentschel Matthias Horn Jörg Hacker Bradley S. Moore Jörn Hopke |
| AuthorAffiliation | Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, 1 Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität München, D-85350 Freising, Germany, 3 Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0270 2 |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, 1 Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität München, D-85350 Freising, Germany, 3 Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0270 2 |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ute surname: HENTSCHEL fullname: HENTSCHEL, Ute organization: Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, Universität Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: Jörn surname: HOPKE fullname: HOPKE, Jörn organization: Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität München, 85350 Freising, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: Matthias surname: HORN fullname: HORN, Matthias organization: Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721-02702, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: Anja B surname: FRIEDRICH fullname: FRIEDRICH, Anja B organization: Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, Universität Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany – sequence: 5 givenname: Michael surname: WAGNER fullname: WAGNER, Michael organization: Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721-02702, United States – sequence: 6 givenname: Jörg surname: HACKER fullname: HACKER, Jörg organization: Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, Universität Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany – sequence: 7 givenname: Bradley S surname: MOORE fullname: MOORE, Bradley S organization: Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität München, 85350 Freising, Germany |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=13884600$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12200297$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 Corresponding author. Mailing address for Bradley S. Moore: Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel St., Tucson, AZ 85721-0270. Phone: (520) 626-6931. Fax: (520) 626-2466. E-mail: moore@pharmacy.arizona.edu. Mailing address for Ute Hentschel: Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, Universität Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany. Phone: 49-931-312588. Fax: 49-931-312578. E-mail: ute.hentschel@mail.uni-wuerzburg.de. Present address: Aventis Pharma, Cambridge Genomics Center, Cambridge, MA 02139. |
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Reddit... Sponges (class Porifera) are evolutionarily ancient metazoans that populate the tropical oceans in great abundances but also occur in temperate regions and... ABSTRACT Sponges (class Porifera) are evolutionarily ancient metazoans that populate the tropical oceans in great abundances but also occur in temperate... Sponges are evolutionarily ancient metazoans that populate the tropical oceans in great abundances but also occur in temperate regions and even in freshwater.... |
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| StartPage | 4431 |
| SubjectTerms | Animals Aplysina aerophoba Aquatic life Bacteria - classification Bacteria - genetics Biological and medical sciences Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA, Bacterial - analysis Ecosystem Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genetic Variation Invertebrate Microbiology Marine Marine Biology Microbiology Phylogeny Porifera Porifera - microbiology RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - classification RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics Theonella swinhoei Water Microbiology |
| Title | Molecular Evidence for a Uniform Microbial Community in Sponges from Different Oceans |
| URI | http://aem.asm.org/content/68/9/4431.abstract https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12200297 https://www.proquest.com/docview/205957615 https://search.proquest.com/docview/18571695 https://search.proquest.com/docview/72034714 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC124103 |
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