Dietary modulation of the gut microbiota – a randomised controlled trial in obese postmenopausal women

The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been suggested to improve metabolic health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of interventions with Lactobacillus paraca...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inBritish journal of nutrition Vol. 114; no. 3; pp. 406 - 417
Main Authors Brahe, Lena K., Le Chatelier, Emmanuelle, Prifti, Edi, Pons, Nicolas, Kennedy, Sean, Blædel, Trine, Håkansson, Janet, Dalsgaard, Trine Kastrup, Hansen, Torben, Pedersen, Oluf, Astrup, Arne, Ehrlich, S. Dusko, Larsen, Lesli H.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 14.08.2015
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Subjects
Aged
blood serum
c-peptide
C-Peptide - blood
Diabetes
Diet
DNA
Feces - microbiology
Female
Flax
Genes
Glucose
Glucose Tolerance Test
glucose tolerance tests
Homeostasis
Human and Clinical Nutrition
Human health and pathology
Human subjects
Humans
Insulin
Insulin - metabolism
Insulin Resistance
Insulin Secretion
Intervention
intestinal microorganisms
Intestines - microbiology
Lactobacillus
Lactobacillus paracasei
Life Sciences
linear models
linseed
metabolic diseases
Metabolic disorders
metagenomics
Microbiology and Parasitology
Microbiota
Middle Aged
Nutrition research
nutritional intervention
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - diet therapy
Obesity - microbiology
placebos
Plant Mucilage - administration & dosage
Postmenopause
Prebiotics
Probiotics
Probiotics - therapeutic use
Proteins
randomized clinical trials
regression analysis
Relative abundance
risk factors
Single-Blind Method
women
Womens health
Denmark
Gut microbiota
Flaxseed mucilage
Probiotics
Metagenomics
Obesity-related disease
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Abstract The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been suggested to improve metabolic health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of interventions with Lactobacillus paracasei F19 or flaxseed mucilage on the gut microbiota and metabolic risk markers in obesity. A total of fifty-eight obese postmenopausal women were randomised to a single-blinded, parallel-group intervention of 6-week duration, with a daily intake of either L. paracasei F19 (9·4 × 1010 colony-forming units), flaxseed mucilage (10 g) or placebo. Quantitative metagenomic analysis of faecal DNA was performed to identify the changes in the gut microbiota. Diet-induced changes in metabolic markers were explored using adjusted linear regression models. The intake of flaxseed mucilage over 6 weeks led to a reduction in serum C-peptide and insulin release during an oral glucose tolerance test (P< 0·05) and improved insulin sensitivity measured by Matsuda index (P< 0·05). Comparison of gut microbiota composition at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention with flaxseed mucilage showed alterations in abundance of thirty-three metagenomic species (P< 0·01), including decreased relative abundance of eight Faecalibacterium species. These changes in the microbiota could not explain the effect of flaxseed mucilage on insulin sensitivity. The intake of L. paracasei F19 did not modulate metabolic markers compared with placebo. In conclusion, flaxseed mucilage improves insulin sensitivity and alters the gut microbiota; however, the improvement in insulin sensitivity was not mediated by the observed changes in relative abundance of bacterial species.
AbstractList The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been suggested to improve metabolic health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of interventions with Lactobacillus paracasei F19 or flaxseed mucilage on the gut microbiota and metabolic risk markers in obesity. A total of fifty-eight obese postmenopausal women were randomised to a single-blinded, parallel-group intervention of 6-week duration, with a daily intake of either L. paracasei F19 (9·4 × 10¹⁰ colony-forming units), flaxseed mucilage (10 g) or placebo. Quantitative metagenomic analysis of faecal DNA was performed to identify the changes in the gut microbiota. Diet-induced changes in metabolic markers were explored using adjusted linear regression models. The intake of flaxseed mucilage over 6 weeks led to a reduction in serum C-peptide and insulin release during an oral glucose tolerance test (P< 0·05) and improved insulin sensitivity measured by Matsuda index (P< 0·05). Comparison of gut microbiota composition at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention with flaxseed mucilage showed alterations in abundance of thirty-three metagenomic species (P< 0·01), including decreased relative abundance of eight Faecalibacterium species. These changes in the microbiota could not explain the effect of flaxseed mucilage on insulin sensitivity. The intake of L. paracasei F19 did not modulate metabolic markers compared with placebo. In conclusion, flaxseed mucilage improves insulin sensitivity and alters the gut microbiota; however, the improvement in insulin sensitivity was not mediated by the observed changes in relative abundance of bacterial species.
The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been suggested to improve metabolic health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of interventions with Lactobacillus paracasei F19 or flaxseed mucilage on the gut microbiota and metabolic risk markers in obesity. A total of fifty-eight obese postmenopausal women were randomised to a single-blinded, parallel-group intervention of 6-week duration, with a daily intake of either L. paracasei F19 (9.4 10 super(10) colony-forming units), flaxseed mucilage (10 g) or placebo. Quantitative metagenomic analysis of faecal DNA was performed to identify the changes in the gut microbiota. Diet-induced changes in metabolic markers were explored using adjusted linear regression models. The intake of flaxseed mucilage over 6 weeks led to a reduction in serum C-peptide and insulin release during an oral glucose tolerance test (P< 0.05) and improved insulin sensitivity measured by Matsuda index (P< 0.05). Comparison of gut microbiota composition at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention with flaxseed mucilage showed alterations in abundance of thirty-three metagenomic species (P< 0.01), including decreased relative abundance of eight Faecalibacterium species. These changes in the microbiota could not explain the effect of flaxseed mucilage on insulin sensitivity. The intake of L. paracasei F19 did not modulate metabolic markers compared with placebo. In conclusion, flaxseed mucilage improves insulin sensitivity and alters the gut microbiota; however, the improvement in insulin sensitivity was not mediated by the observed changes in relative abundance of bacterial species.
The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been suggested to improve metabolic health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of interventions with Lactobacillus paracasei F19 or flaxseed mucilage on the gut microbiota and metabolic risk markers in obesity. A total of fifty-eight obese postmenopausal women were randomised to a single-blinded, parallel-group intervention of 6-week duration, with a daily intake of either L. paracasei F19 (9·4 × 1010 colony-forming units), flaxseed mucilage (10 g) or placebo. Quantitative metagenomic analysis of faecal DNA was performed to identify the changes in the gut microbiota. Diet-induced changes in metabolic markers were explored using adjusted linear regression models. The intake of flaxseed mucilage over 6 weeks led to a reduction in serum C-peptide and insulin release during an oral glucose tolerance test (P< 0·05) and improved insulin sensitivity measured by Matsuda index (P< 0·05). Comparison of gut microbiota composition at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention with flaxseed mucilage showed alterations in abundance of thirty-three metagenomic species (P< 0·01), including decreased relative abundance of eight Faecalibacterium species. These changes in the microbiota could not explain the effect of flaxseed mucilage on insulin sensitivity. The intake of L. paracasei F19 did not modulate metabolic markers compared with placebo. In conclusion, flaxseed mucilage improves insulin sensitivity and alters the gut microbiota; however, the improvement in insulin sensitivity was not mediated by the observed changes in relative abundance of bacterial species.
The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been suggested to improve metabolic health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of interventions with Lactobacillus paracasei F19 or flaxseed mucilage on the gut microbiota and metabolic risk markers in obesity. A total of fifty-eight obese postmenopausal women were randomised to a single-blinded, parallel-group intervention of 6-week duration, with a daily intake of either L. paracasei F19 (9.4 × 1010 colony-forming units), flaxseed mucilage (10 g) or placebo. Quantitative metagenomic analysis of faecal DNA was performed to identify the changes in the gut microbiota. Diet-induced changes in metabolic markers were explored using adjusted linear regression models. The intake of flaxseed mucilage over 6 weeks led to a reduction in serum C-peptide and insulin release during an oral glucose tolerance test (P< 0.05) and improved insulin sensitivity measured by Matsuda index (P< 0.05). Comparison of gut microbiota composition at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention with flaxseed mucilage showed alterations in abundance of thirty-three metagenomic species (P< 0.01), including decreased relative abundance of eight Faecalibacterium species. These changes in the microbiota could not explain the effect of flaxseed mucilage on insulin sensitivity. The intake of L. paracasei F19 did not modulate metabolic markers compared with placebo. In conclusion, flaxseed mucilage improves insulin sensitivity and alters the gut microbiota; however, the improvement in insulin sensitivity was not mediated by the observed changes in relative abundance of bacterial species.
The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been suggested to improve metabolic health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of interventions with Lactobacillus paracasei F19 or flaxseed mucilage on the gut microbiota and metabolic risk markers in obesity. A total of fifty-eight obese postmenopausal women were randomised to a single-blinded, parallel-group intervention of 6-week duration, with a daily intake of either L. paracasei F19 (9·4 × 10 10 colony-forming units), flaxseed mucilage (10 g) or placebo. Quantitative metagenomic analysis of faecal DNA was performed to identify the changes in the gut microbiota. Diet-induced changes in metabolic markers were explored using adjusted linear regression models. The intake of flaxseed mucilage over 6 weeks led to a reduction in serum C-peptide and insulin release during an oral glucose tolerance test ( P < 0·05) and improved insulin sensitivity measured by Matsuda index ( P < 0·05). Comparison of gut microbiota composition at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention with flaxseed mucilage showed alterations in abundance of thirty-three metagenomic species ( P < 0·01), including decreased relative abundance of eight Faecalibacterium species. These changes in the microbiota could not explain the effect of flaxseed mucilage on insulin sensitivity. The intake of L. paracasei F19 did not modulate metabolic markers compared with placebo. In conclusion, flaxseed mucilage improves insulin sensitivity and alters the gut microbiota; however, the improvement in insulin sensitivity was not mediated by the observed changes in relative abundance of bacterial species.
The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been suggested to improve metabolic health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of interventions with Lactobacillus paracasei F19 or flaxseed mucilage on the gut microbiota and metabolic risk markers in obesity. A total of fifty-eight obese postmenopausal women were randomised to a single-blinded, parallel-group intervention of 6-week duration, with a daily intake of either L. paracasei F19 (9·4 × 1010 colony-forming units), flaxseed mucilage (10 g) or placebo. Quantitative metagenomic analysis of faecal DNA was performed to identify the changes in the gut microbiota. Diet-induced changes in metabolic markers were explored using adjusted linear regression models. The intake of flaxseed mucilage over 6 weeks led to a reduction in serum C-peptide and insulin release during an oral glucose tolerance test (P< 0·05) and improved insulin sensitivity measured by Matsuda index (P< 0·05). Comparison of gut microbiota composition at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention with flaxseed mucilage showed alterations in abundance of thirty-three metagenomic species (P< 0·01), including decreased relative abundance of eight Faecalibacterium species. These changes in the microbiota could not explain the effect of flaxseed mucilage on insulin sensitivity. The intake of L. paracasei F19 did not modulate metabolic markers compared with placebo. In conclusion, flaxseed mucilage improves insulin sensitivity and alters the gut microbiota; however, the improvement in insulin sensitivity was not mediated by the observed changes in relative abundance of bacterial species.
The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been suggested to improve metabolic health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of interventions with Lactobacillus paracasei F19 or flaxseed mucilage on the gut microbiota and metabolic risk markers in obesity. A total of fifty-eight obese postmenopausal women were randomised to a single-blinded, parallel-group intervention of 6-week duration, with a daily intake of either L. paracasei F19 (9.4 × 1010 colony-forming units), flaxseed mucilage (10 g) or placebo. Quantitative metagenomic analysis of faecal DNA was performed to identify the changes in the gut microbiota. Diet-induced changes in metabolic markers were explored using adjusted linear regression models. The intake of flaxseed mucilage over 6 weeks led to a reduction in serum C-peptide and insulin release during an oral glucose tolerance test (P< 0.05) and improved insulin sensitivity measured by Matsuda index (P< 0.05). Comparison of gut microbiota composition at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention with flaxseed mucilage showed alterations in abundance of thirty-three metagenomic species (P< 0.01), including decreased relative abundance of eight Faecalibacterium species. These changes in the microbiota could not explain the effect of flaxseed mucilage on insulin sensitivity. The intake of L. paracasei F19 did not modulate metabolic markers compared with placebo. In conclusion, flaxseed mucilage improves insulin sensitivity and alters the gut microbiota; however, the improvement in insulin sensitivity was not mediated by the observed changes in relative abundance of bacterial species.The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been suggested to improve metabolic health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of interventions with Lactobacillus paracasei F19 or flaxseed mucilage on the gut microbiota and metabolic risk markers in obesity. A total of fifty-eight obese postmenopausal women were randomised to a single-blinded, parallel-group intervention of 6-week duration, with a daily intake of either L. paracasei F19 (9.4 × 1010 colony-forming units), flaxseed mucilage (10 g) or placebo. Quantitative metagenomic analysis of faecal DNA was performed to identify the changes in the gut microbiota. Diet-induced changes in metabolic markers were explored using adjusted linear regression models. The intake of flaxseed mucilage over 6 weeks led to a reduction in serum C-peptide and insulin release during an oral glucose tolerance test (P< 0.05) and improved insulin sensitivity measured by Matsuda index (P< 0.05). Comparison of gut microbiota composition at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention with flaxseed mucilage showed alterations in abundance of thirty-three metagenomic species (P< 0.01), including decreased relative abundance of eight Faecalibacterium species. These changes in the microbiota could not explain the effect of flaxseed mucilage on insulin sensitivity. The intake of L. paracasei F19 did not modulate metabolic markers compared with placebo. In conclusion, flaxseed mucilage improves insulin sensitivity and alters the gut microbiota; however, the improvement in insulin sensitivity was not mediated by the observed changes in relative abundance of bacterial species.
The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been suggested to improve metabolic health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of interventions with Lactobacillus paracasei F19 or flaxseed mucilage on the gut microbiota and metabolic risk markers in obesity. A total of fifty-eight obese postmenopausal women were randomised to a single-blinded, parallel-group intervention of 6-week duration, with a daily intake of either L. paracasei F19 (9·4 × 10 10 colony-forming units), flaxseed mucilage (10 g) or placebo. Quantitative metagenomic analysis of faecal DNA was performed to identify the changes in the gut microbiota. Diet-induced changes in metabolic markers were explored using adjusted linear regression models. The intake of flaxseed mucilage over 6 weeks led to a reduction in serum C-peptide and insulin release during an oral glucose tolerance test ( P < 0·05) and improved insulin sensitivity measured by Matsuda index ( P < 0·05). Comparison of gut microbiota composition at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention with flaxseed mucilage showed alterations in abundance of thirty-three metagenomic species ( P < 0·01), including decreased relative abundance of eight Faecalibacterium species. These changes in the microbiota could not explain the effect of flaxseed mucilage on insulin sensitivity. The intake of L. paracasei F19 did not modulate metabolic markers compared with placebo. In conclusion, flaxseed mucilage improves insulin sensitivity and alters the gut microbiota; however, the improvement in insulin sensitivity was not mediated by the observed changes in relative abundance of bacterial species.
Author Kennedy, Sean
Pons, Nicolas
Larsen, Lesli H.
Ehrlich, S. Dusko
Pedersen, Oluf
Le Chatelier, Emmanuelle
Prifti, Edi
Hansen, Torben
Astrup, Arne
Håkansson, Janet
Dalsgaard, Trine Kastrup
Brahe, Lena K.
Blædel, Trine
AuthorAffiliation 3 Arla Strategic Innovation Centre , Stockholm , Sweden
5 Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
2 INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique , US 1367 Metagenopolis , Jouy-en-Josas , France
4 Department of Food Science , Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark
1 Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports , Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen , Rolighedsvej 26 , 1958 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 5 Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
– name: 1 Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports , Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen , Rolighedsvej 26 , 1958 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
– name: 2 INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique , US 1367 Metagenopolis , Jouy-en-Josas , France
– name: 4 Department of Food Science , Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark
– name: 3 Arla Strategic Innovation Centre , Stockholm , Sweden
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Lena K.
  surname: Brahe
  fullname: Brahe, Lena K.
  organization: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Emmanuelle
  surname: Le Chatelier
  fullname: Le Chatelier, Emmanuelle
  organization: INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, US 1367 Metagenopolis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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  givenname: Edi
  surname: Prifti
  fullname: Prifti, Edi
  organization: INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, US 1367 Metagenopolis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Nicolas
  surname: Pons
  fullname: Pons, Nicolas
  organization: INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, US 1367 Metagenopolis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Sean
  surname: Kennedy
  fullname: Kennedy, Sean
  organization: INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, US 1367 Metagenopolis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Trine
  surname: Blædel
  fullname: Blædel, Trine
  organization: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Janet
  surname: Håkansson
  fullname: Håkansson, Janet
  organization: Arla Strategic Innovation Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Trine Kastrup
  surname: Dalsgaard
  fullname: Dalsgaard, Trine Kastrup
  organization: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Torben
  surname: Hansen
  fullname: Hansen, Torben
  organization: Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Oluf
  surname: Pedersen
  fullname: Pedersen, Oluf
  organization: Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Arne
  surname: Astrup
  fullname: Astrup, Arne
  organization: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
– sequence: 12
  givenname: S. Dusko
  surname: Ehrlich
  fullname: Ehrlich, S. Dusko
  organization: INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, US 1367 Metagenopolis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Lesli H.
  surname: Larsen
  fullname: Larsen, Lesli H.
  email: lehla@nexs.ku.dk
  organization: Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26134388$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-02552248$$DView record in HAL
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Dietary modulation of obese gut microbiota
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Keywords Gut microbiota
Flaxseed mucilage
Probiotics
Metagenomics
Obesity-related disease
Language English
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Snippet The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been...
The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been...
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SubjectTerms Aged
blood serum
c-peptide
C-Peptide - blood
Diabetes
Diet
DNA
Feces - microbiology
Female
Flax
Genes
Glucose
Glucose Tolerance Test
glucose tolerance tests
Homeostasis
Human and Clinical Nutrition
Human health and pathology
Human subjects
Humans
Insulin
Insulin - metabolism
Insulin Resistance
Insulin Secretion
Intervention
intestinal microorganisms
Intestines - microbiology
Lactobacillus
Lactobacillus paracasei
Life Sciences
linear models
linseed
metabolic diseases
Metabolic disorders
metagenomics
Microbiology and Parasitology
Microbiota
Middle Aged
Nutrition research
nutritional intervention
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - diet therapy
Obesity - microbiology
placebos
Plant Mucilage - administration & dosage
Postmenopause
Prebiotics
Probiotics
Probiotics - therapeutic use
Proteins
randomized clinical trials
regression analysis
Relative abundance
risk factors
Single-Blind Method
women
Womens health
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Title Dietary modulation of the gut microbiota – a randomised controlled trial in obese postmenopausal women
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Volume 114
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