Physiological and modeling evidence for focal transcranial electrical brain stimulation in humans: A basis for high-definition tDCS

• Published in: NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.) Vol. 74; pp. 266 - 275
• Main Authors: Edwards, Dylan, Cortes, Mar, Datta, Abhishek, Minhas, Preet, Wassermann, Eric M., Bikson, Marom
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier Inc 01.07.2013; Elsevier; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adult; Anodes; Biological and medical sciences; Brain - physiology; Computer Simulation; Electric fields; Electric Stimulation - methods; Electrodes; Evoked Potentials, Motor - physiology; Experiments; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Human head model; Humans; Male; Motor ability; Physiology; Targeted stimulation; tDCS; TES; TMS; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs; Targeted stimulation; TES; TMS; tDCS; Electric fields; Human head model; Human; Electrical stimulus; Central nervous system; Stimulation; Encephalon; Electric field; Models

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive, low-cost, well-tolerated technique producing lasting modulation of cortical excitability. Behavioral and therapeutic outcomes of tDCS are linked to the targeted brain regions, but there is little evidence that current reaches the brai...