Are only-children different? Evidence from a lab-in-the-field experiment of the Chinese one-child policy
In this paper, we present evidence from a lab-in-the-field experiment of the effects of the Chinese one-child policy on adults in China who were born just before and after the introduction of the policy. We measure risk, uncertainty, and time preferences, as well as subjects’ preferences in the soci...
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| Published in | PloS one Vol. 17; no. 11; p. e0277210 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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| Abstract | In this paper, we present evidence from a lab-in-the-field experiment of the effects of the Chinese one-child policy on adults in China who were born just before and after the introduction of the policy. We measure risk, uncertainty, and time preferences, as well as subjects’ preferences in the social domain, i.e., concerning competitiveness, cooperation, and bargaining. We sampled people from three Chinese provinces born both before and after the introduction of the policy in 1979. We utilize the fact that the one-child policy was introduced at different times and with different degrees of strictness in different provinces. Overall, we find a statistically significant effect only on risk and uncertainty aversion and not on any other preferences in the experiments: Those born after the introduction of the one-child policy are less risk and uncertainty averse. These results hold for various robustness checks and heterogeneity tests. Hence, our results do not confirm the general wisdom and stereotype of only-children in China being “little emperors.” |
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| AbstractList | In this paper, we present evidence from a lab-in-the-field experiment of the effects of the Chinese one-child policy on adults in China who were born just before and after the introduction of the policy. We measure risk, uncertainty, and time preferences, as well as subjects’ preferences in the social domain, i.e., concerning competitiveness, cooperation, and bargaining. We sampled people from three Chinese provinces born both before and after the introduction of the policy in 1979. We utilize the fact that the one-child policy was introduced at different times and with different degrees of strictness in different provinces. Overall, we find a statistically significant effect only on risk and uncertainty aversion and not on any other preferences in the experiments: Those born after the introduction of the one-child policy are less risk and uncertainty averse. These results hold for various robustness checks and heterogeneity tests. Hence, our results do not confirm the general wisdom and stereotype of only-children in China being “little emperors.” In this paper, we present evidence from a lab-in-the-field experiment of the effects of the Chinese one-child policy on adults in China who were born just before and after the introduction of the policy. We measure risk, uncertainty, and time preferences, as well as subjects' preferences in the social domain, i.e., concerning competitiveness, cooperation, and bargaining. We sampled people from three Chinese provinces born both before and after the introduction of the policy in 1979. We utilize the fact that the one-child policy was introduced at different times and with different degrees of strictness in different provinces. Overall, we find a statistically significant effect only on risk and uncertainty aversion and not on any other preferences in the experiments: Those born after the introduction of the one-child policy are less risk and uncertainty averse. These results hold for various robustness checks and heterogeneity tests. Hence, our results do not confirm the general wisdom and stereotype of only-children in China being "little emperors."In this paper, we present evidence from a lab-in-the-field experiment of the effects of the Chinese one-child policy on adults in China who were born just before and after the introduction of the policy. We measure risk, uncertainty, and time preferences, as well as subjects' preferences in the social domain, i.e., concerning competitiveness, cooperation, and bargaining. We sampled people from three Chinese provinces born both before and after the introduction of the policy in 1979. We utilize the fact that the one-child policy was introduced at different times and with different degrees of strictness in different provinces. Overall, we find a statistically significant effect only on risk and uncertainty aversion and not on any other preferences in the experiments: Those born after the introduction of the one-child policy are less risk and uncertainty averse. These results hold for various robustness checks and heterogeneity tests. Hence, our results do not confirm the general wisdom and stereotype of only-children in China being "little emperors." In this paper, we present evidence from a lab-in-the-field experiment of the effects of the Chinese one-child policy on adults in China who were born just before and after the introduction of the policy. We measure risk, uncertainty, and time preferences, as well as subjects' preferences in the social domain, i.e., concerning competitiveness, cooperation, and bargaining. We sampled people from three Chinese provinces born both before and after the introduction of the policy in 1979. We utilize the fact that the one-child policy was introduced at different times and with different degrees of strictness in different provinces. Overall, we find a statistically significant effect only on risk and uncertainty aversion and not on any other preferences in the experiments: Those born after the introduction of the one-child policy are less risk and uncertainty averse. These results hold for various robustness checks and heterogeneity tests. Hence, our results do not confirm the general wisdom and stereotype of only-children in China being "little emperors."Copyright: |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Lampi, Elina Carlsson, Fredrik Yang, Xiaojun Martinsson, Peter Tu, Qin |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Department of Technology, Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark 4 School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China 1 Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden Universität Heidelberg, GERMANY 3 Center for Innovation and Development Studies, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Department of Technology, Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark – name: 3 Center for Innovation and Development Studies, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China – name: 4 School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China – name: Universität Heidelberg, GERMANY – name: 1 Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Fredrik surname: Carlsson fullname: Carlsson, Fredrik – sequence: 2 givenname: Elina surname: Lampi fullname: Lampi, Elina – sequence: 3 givenname: Peter surname: Martinsson fullname: Martinsson, Peter – sequence: 4 givenname: Qin surname: Tu fullname: Tu, Qin – sequence: 5 givenname: Xiaojun orcidid: 0000-0003-3227-8579 surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Xiaojun |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jcorpfin_2024_102658 crossref_primary_10_1057_s41599_024_03078_2 crossref_primary_10_31083_j_ceog5108178 crossref_primary_10_1051_shsconf_202418103007 crossref_primary_10_3390_healthcare11101484 |
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| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2022 Public Library of Science 2022 Carlsson et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Copyright: © 2022 Carlsson et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 2022 Carlsson et al 2022 Carlsson et al |
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| Title | Are only-children different? Evidence from a lab-in-the-field experiment of the Chinese one-child policy |
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