Effects of Tai Chi Exercise on the Center of Pressure Trace during Obstacle Crossing in Older Adults who are at a Risk of Falling
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of the center of pressure (COP) trace in fall-prone older adults during obstacle crossing before and after Tai Chi exercise. [Subjects] Fifty-two fall-prone older adults participated in either a 12-week intervention of Tai Chi exerci...
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| Published in | Journal of Physical Therapy Science Vol. 21; no. 1; pp. 49 - 54 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
The Society of Physical Therapy Science
2009
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0915-5287 2187-5626 |
| DOI | 10.1589/jpts.21.49 |
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| Abstract | [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of the center of pressure (COP) trace in fall-prone older adults during obstacle crossing before and after Tai Chi exercise. [Subjects] Fifty-two fall-prone older adults participated in either a 12-week intervention of Tai Chi exercise or in a health education program. [Methods] The subjects were pre- and post-tested in a task in which they were asked to step over an obstacle from a quiet stance. The subjects were divided into two groups (the experimental group and the control group). Participants in the experimental group received Tai Chi exercise emphasizing dynamic weight shifting three times weekly. Participants in the control group met for one-hour weekly and listened to lectures about health promotion. Performance was assessed by recording the changes in the displacement of the COP in the anteroposterior (A-P) and mediolateral (M-L) directions using a force platform. [Results] The experimental group of subjects significantly increased A-P and M-L displacement of the COP after Tai Chi exercise (p<0.05). [Conclusion] This study shows that participation in Tai Chi exercise increased the magnitude of the A-P and M-L displacement of the COP, thereby improving the ability of older adults to generate momentum to initiate gait. |
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| AbstractList | [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of the center of pressure (COP) trace in fall-prone older adults during obstacle crossing before and after Tai Chi exercise. [Subjects] Fifty-two fall-prone older adults participated in either a 12-week intervention of Tai Chi exercise or in a health education program. [Methods] The subjects were pre- and post-tested in a task in which they were asked to step over an obstacle from a quiet stance. The subjects were divided into two groups (the experimental group and the control group). Participants in the experimental group received Tai Chi exercise emphasizing dynamic weight shifting three times weekly. Participants in the control group met for one-hour weekly and listened to lectures about health promotion. Performance was assessed by recording the changes in the displacement of the COP in the anteroposterior (A-P) and mediolateral (M-L) directions using a force platform. [Results] The experimental group of subjects significantly increased A-P and M-L displacement of the COP after Tai Chi exercise (p<0.05). [Conclusion] This study shows that participation in Tai Chi exercise increased the magnitude of the A-P and M-L displacement of the COP, thereby improving the ability of older adults to generate momentum to initiate gait. [Abstract.] [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of the center of pressure (COP) trace in fall-prone older adults during obstacle crossing before and after Tai Chi exercise. [Subjects] Fifty-two fall-prone older adults participated in either a 12-week intervention of Tai Chi exercise or in a health education program. [Methods] The subjects were pre- and post-tested in a task in which they were asked to step over an obstacle from a quiet stance. The subjects were divided into two groups (the experimental group and the control group). Participants in the experimental group received Tai Chi exercise emphasizing dynamic weight shifting three times weekly. Participants in the control group met for one-hour weekly and listened to lectures about health promotion. Performance was assessed by recording the changes in the displacement of the COP in the anteroposterior (A-P) and mediolateral (M-L) directions using a force platform. [Results] The experimental group of subjects significantly increased A-P and M-L displacement of the COP after Tai Chi exercise (p<0.05). [Conclusion] This study shows that participation in Tai Chi exercise increased the magnitude of the A-P and M-L displacement of the COP, thereby improving the ability of older adults to generate momentum to initiate gait. |
| Author | Kim, Hyeong-Dong |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Kim, Hyeong-Dong organization: Catholic University of Daegu, College of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1142_S0219519412500303 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jesf_2020_05_003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gaitpost_2013_07_008 crossref_primary_10_5014_ajot_2017_027136 crossref_primary_10_1589_jpts_24_175 crossref_primary_10_1111_jgs_17094 crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2021_739722 crossref_primary_10_15656_kjcg_2021_22_1_15 crossref_primary_10_1589_jpts_26_1025 crossref_primary_10_5143_JESK_2012_31_6_741 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jbiomech_2020_109727 crossref_primary_10_1589_jpts_31_132 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12877_019_1250_8 crossref_primary_10_1589_jpts_21_317 crossref_primary_10_1002_14651858_CD004963_pub3 crossref_primary_10_1589_jpts_23_265 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_hkjot_2013_11_001 crossref_primary_10_1589_jpts_25_193 |
| Cites_doi | 10.5014/ajot.46.4.295 10.1007/s00221-002-1150-5 10.1097/00002060-199108000-00009 10.1093/gerona/55.5.M270 10.1016/S0003-9993(03)04810-4 10.1016/0021-9290(86)90120-X 10.1097/01253086-199721040-00009 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb01433.x 10.1016/S0268-0033(03)00139-6 10.1177/089826439000200202 10.1097/00005650-199206000-00002 10.1016/S0966-6362(99)00013-2 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1992.tb01992.x 10.1016/S0021-9290(96)00161-3 10.1016/S1050-6411(02)00085-8 10.1007/BF00228132 10.1093/geronj/44.4.B100 10.1113/jphysiol.1991.sp018616 10.1053/apmr.2000.7162 10.1093/ageing/19.2.136 10.1053/apmr.2002.34596 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50173.x 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1994.tb06081.x 10.3138/ptc.41.6.304 10.1520/JFS13991J 10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90425-7 10.1080/13607860120038357 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90206-9 10.1161/01.STR.24.8.1173 10.1097/01376517-200008000-00006 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.07.001 10.1016/S0966-6362(02)00101-7 10.1016/j.apmr.2004.01.020 10.1097/00006199-200201000-00002 |
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| References | 21) Ware JE Jr, Sherbourne CD: The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care, 1992, 30: 473-483. 7) Wolfson L, Whipple R, Derby C, et al.: Balance and strength training in older adults: intervention gains and Tai Chi maintenance. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1996, 44: 498-506. 15) Alexander NB: Postural control in older adults. J Am Geriatri Soc, 1994, 42: 93-108. 31) Rogers MW, Pai YC: Dynamic transition in stance support accompanying leg flexion movements in man. Exp Brain Res, 1990, 8: 398-402. 32) Zettel JL, McIlroy WE, Maki BE: Environmental constraints on foot trajectory reveal the capacity for modulation of anticipatory postural adjustments during rapid triggered stepping reactions. Exp Brain Res, 2002, 146: 38-47. 8) Hass CJ, Gregor RJ, Waddell DE, et al.: The influence of Tai Chi training on the center of pressure trajectory during gait initiation in older adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2004, 85: 1593-1598. 22) Berg KO, Wood-Dauphinee SL, Williams JI, et al.: Measuring balance in the elderly: preliminary development of an instrument. Physiother Can, 1989, 41: 304-311. 1) Campbell AJ, Borrie MJ, Spears GF, et al.: Circumstances and consequences of falls experienced by a community population 70 years and over during a prospective study. Age Ageing, 1990, 19: 136-141. 13) Morris ME, Huxham FE, McGinley J, et al: Gait disorders and gait rehabilitation in Parkinson's Disease. Adv Neurol, 2001, 87: 347-361. 4) Hill-Westmoreland EE, Soeken K, Spellbring AM: A meta-analysis of fall prevention programs for the elderly: how effective are they? Nurs Res, 2002, 51: 1-8. 29) Crenna P, Frigo C: A motor programme for the initiation of forward-oriented movements in humans. J Physiol, 1991, 437: 635-653. 12) Gray P, Hildebrand K: Fall risk factors in Parkinson's disease. J Neurosci Nurs, 2000, 32: 222-228. 33) Maki BE, Edmondstone MA, McIlroy WE: Age-related differences in laterally directed compensatory stepping behavior. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2000, 55: M270-M277. 19) Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR: "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res, 1975, 12: 189-198. 16) Kim HD, Brunt D: The effect of a dual-task on obstacle crossing in healthy elderly and young adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2007, 88: 1309-1313. 6) Tse SK, Bailey DM: T'ai chi and postural control in the well elderly. Am J Occup Ther, 1992, 46: 295-300. 18) Mak MK, Ng PL: Mediolateral sway in single-leg stance is the best discriminator of balance performance for Tai-Chi practitioners. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2003, 84: 683-686. 34) McIlroy WE, Maki BE: The control of lateral stability during rapid stepping reactions evoked by antero-posterior perturbation: does anticipatory control play a role? Gait Posture, 1999, 9: 190-198. 5) Wu G: Evaluation of the effectiveness of Tai Chi for improving balance and preventing falls in the older population - a review. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2002, 50: 746-754. 36) Hahn ME, Chou LS: Can motion of individual body segments identify dynamic instability in the elderly? Clin Biomech (Bristol Avon), 2003, 18: 737-744. 3) Englander F, Hodson TJ, Terregrossa RA: Economic dimensions of slip and fall injuries. J Forensic Sci, 1996, 41: 733-746. 27) Breniere Y, Do MC: When and how does steady state gait movement induced from upright posture begin? J Biomech, 1986, 19: 1035-1040. 14) Stelmach GE, Phillips J, DiFabio RP, et al.: Age, functional postural reflexes, and voluntary sway. J Gerontol, 1989, 44: B100-B106. 26) Yip JY, Wilber KH, Myrtle RC, et al.: Comparison of older adult subject and proxy responses on the SF-36 health-related quality of life instrument. Aging Ment Health, 2001, 5: 136-142. 28) Brunt D, Lafferty MJ, Mckeon A, et al.: Invariant characteristics of gait initiation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 1991, 70: 206-212. 10) Polcyn AF, Lipsitz LA, Kerrigan DC, et al.: Age-related changes in the initiation of gait: degradation of central mechanisms for momentum generation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1998, 79: 1582-1589. 25) Turnbull JC, Kersten P, Habib M, et al.: Validation of the Frenchay Activities Index in a general population aged 16 years and older. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2000, 81: 1034-1038. 35) Chou LS, Draganich LF: Stepping over obstacles increases the motions and moments of the joints of the trailing limb in young adults. J Biomech, 1997, 30: 331-337. 20) Schuling J, de Haan R, Limburg M, et al.: The Frenchay Activities Index: Assessment of functional status in stroke patients. Stroke, 1993, 24: 1173-1177. 17) Wu G, Zhao F, Zhou X, et al.: Improvement of isokinetic knee extensor strength and reduction of postural sway in the elderly from long-term Tai Chi exercise. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2002, 83: 1364-1369. 37) Lamoureux E, Sparrow WA, Murphy A, et al.: The effects of improved strength on obstacle negotiation in community-living older adults. Gait Posture, 2003, 17: 273-283. 9) Wolf SL, Coogler C, Xu T: Exploring the basis for Tai Chi Chuan as a therapeutic exercise approach. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1997, 78, 886-892. 2) Bernstein AB, Schur CL: Expenditures for unintentional injuries among the elderly. J Aging Health, 1990, 2: 157-178. 11) Morris ME, Iansek R: Gait disorders in Parkinson's disease: a framework for physical therapy practice. Neurol Rep, 1997, 21: 125-131. 24) Tombaugh TN, McIntyre NJ: The mini-mental state examination: a comprehensive review. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1992, 40: 922-935. 30) Winter DA, Patla AE, Ishac M, et al.: Motor mechanisms of balance during quiet standing. J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 2003, 13: 49-56. 23) Berg KO, Maki BE, Williams JI, et al.: Clinical and laboratory measures of postural balance in an elderly population. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1992, 73: 1073-1080. 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 10 32 11 33 12 34 13 35 14 36 15 37 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 21 |
| References_xml | – reference: 15) Alexander NB: Postural control in older adults. J Am Geriatri Soc, 1994, 42: 93-108. – reference: 12) Gray P, Hildebrand K: Fall risk factors in Parkinson's disease. J Neurosci Nurs, 2000, 32: 222-228. – reference: 28) Brunt D, Lafferty MJ, Mckeon A, et al.: Invariant characteristics of gait initiation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 1991, 70: 206-212. – reference: 22) Berg KO, Wood-Dauphinee SL, Williams JI, et al.: Measuring balance in the elderly: preliminary development of an instrument. Physiother Can, 1989, 41: 304-311. – reference: 30) Winter DA, Patla AE, Ishac M, et al.: Motor mechanisms of balance during quiet standing. J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 2003, 13: 49-56. – reference: 32) Zettel JL, McIlroy WE, Maki BE: Environmental constraints on foot trajectory reveal the capacity for modulation of anticipatory postural adjustments during rapid triggered stepping reactions. Exp Brain Res, 2002, 146: 38-47. – reference: 27) Breniere Y, Do MC: When and how does steady state gait movement induced from upright posture begin? J Biomech, 1986, 19: 1035-1040. – reference: 6) Tse SK, Bailey DM: T'ai chi and postural control in the well elderly. Am J Occup Ther, 1992, 46: 295-300. – reference: 37) Lamoureux E, Sparrow WA, Murphy A, et al.: The effects of improved strength on obstacle negotiation in community-living older adults. Gait Posture, 2003, 17: 273-283. – reference: 35) Chou LS, Draganich LF: Stepping over obstacles increases the motions and moments of the joints of the trailing limb in young adults. J Biomech, 1997, 30: 331-337. – reference: 19) Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR: "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res, 1975, 12: 189-198. – reference: 24) Tombaugh TN, McIntyre NJ: The mini-mental state examination: a comprehensive review. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1992, 40: 922-935. – reference: 25) Turnbull JC, Kersten P, Habib M, et al.: Validation of the Frenchay Activities Index in a general population aged 16 years and older. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2000, 81: 1034-1038. – reference: 1) Campbell AJ, Borrie MJ, Spears GF, et al.: Circumstances and consequences of falls experienced by a community population 70 years and over during a prospective study. Age Ageing, 1990, 19: 136-141. – reference: 20) Schuling J, de Haan R, Limburg M, et al.: The Frenchay Activities Index: Assessment of functional status in stroke patients. Stroke, 1993, 24: 1173-1177. – reference: 33) Maki BE, Edmondstone MA, McIlroy WE: Age-related differences in laterally directed compensatory stepping behavior. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2000, 55: M270-M277. – reference: 8) Hass CJ, Gregor RJ, Waddell DE, et al.: The influence of Tai Chi training on the center of pressure trajectory during gait initiation in older adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2004, 85: 1593-1598. – reference: 16) Kim HD, Brunt D: The effect of a dual-task on obstacle crossing in healthy elderly and young adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2007, 88: 1309-1313. – reference: 7) Wolfson L, Whipple R, Derby C, et al.: Balance and strength training in older adults: intervention gains and Tai Chi maintenance. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1996, 44: 498-506. – reference: 36) Hahn ME, Chou LS: Can motion of individual body segments identify dynamic instability in the elderly? Clin Biomech (Bristol Avon), 2003, 18: 737-744. – reference: 5) Wu G: Evaluation of the effectiveness of Tai Chi for improving balance and preventing falls in the older population - a review. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2002, 50: 746-754. – reference: 31) Rogers MW, Pai YC: Dynamic transition in stance support accompanying leg flexion movements in man. Exp Brain Res, 1990, 8: 398-402. – reference: 34) McIlroy WE, Maki BE: The control of lateral stability during rapid stepping reactions evoked by antero-posterior perturbation: does anticipatory control play a role? Gait Posture, 1999, 9: 190-198. – reference: 3) Englander F, Hodson TJ, Terregrossa RA: Economic dimensions of slip and fall injuries. J Forensic Sci, 1996, 41: 733-746. – reference: 2) Bernstein AB, Schur CL: Expenditures for unintentional injuries among the elderly. J Aging Health, 1990, 2: 157-178. – reference: 23) Berg KO, Maki BE, Williams JI, et al.: Clinical and laboratory measures of postural balance in an elderly population. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1992, 73: 1073-1080. – reference: 9) Wolf SL, Coogler C, Xu T: Exploring the basis for Tai Chi Chuan as a therapeutic exercise approach. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1997, 78, 886-892. – reference: 13) Morris ME, Huxham FE, McGinley J, et al: Gait disorders and gait rehabilitation in Parkinson's Disease. Adv Neurol, 2001, 87: 347-361. – reference: 18) Mak MK, Ng PL: Mediolateral sway in single-leg stance is the best discriminator of balance performance for Tai-Chi practitioners. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2003, 84: 683-686. – reference: 26) Yip JY, Wilber KH, Myrtle RC, et al.: Comparison of older adult subject and proxy responses on the SF-36 health-related quality of life instrument. Aging Ment Health, 2001, 5: 136-142. – reference: 10) Polcyn AF, Lipsitz LA, Kerrigan DC, et al.: Age-related changes in the initiation of gait: degradation of central mechanisms for momentum generation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1998, 79: 1582-1589. – reference: 14) Stelmach GE, Phillips J, DiFabio RP, et al.: Age, functional postural reflexes, and voluntary sway. J Gerontol, 1989, 44: B100-B106. – reference: 4) Hill-Westmoreland EE, Soeken K, Spellbring AM: A meta-analysis of fall prevention programs for the elderly: how effective are they? Nurs Res, 2002, 51: 1-8. – reference: 21) Ware JE Jr, Sherbourne CD: The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care, 1992, 30: 473-483. – reference: 29) Crenna P, Frigo C: A motor programme for the initiation of forward-oriented movements in humans. J Physiol, 1991, 437: 635-653. – reference: 11) Morris ME, Iansek R: Gait disorders in Parkinson's disease: a framework for physical therapy practice. Neurol Rep, 1997, 21: 125-131. – reference: 17) Wu G, Zhao F, Zhou X, et al.: Improvement of isokinetic knee extensor strength and reduction of postural sway in the elderly from long-term Tai Chi exercise. 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| Title | Effects of Tai Chi Exercise on the Center of Pressure Trace during Obstacle Crossing in Older Adults who are at a Risk of Falling |
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