Antiviral activities of whey proteins

• Published in: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 99; no. 17; pp. 6997 - 7008
• Main Authors: Ng, Tzi Bun, Cheung, Randy Chi Fai, Wong, Jack Ho, Wang, Yan, Ip, Denis Tsz Ming, Wan, David Chi Cheong, Xia, Jiang
• Format: Journal Article Book Review
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.09.2015; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adenovirus; Adenoviruses; Agricultural biotechnology; Animals; Antimicrobial agents; Antiviral agents; Antiviral Agents - pharmacology; Avian flu; Binding sites; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Bovine rotavirus; Breastfeeding & lactation; Casein; Chemokines; DNA polymerases; Echovirus; Enterovirus; Functional foods & nutraceuticals; Gene expression; Hantavirus; Health aspects; Hepatitis; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C virus; HIV; HIV (Viruses); Human cytomegalovirus; Human immunodeficiency virus; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Human rotavirus; Humans; Immune system; Infection; Infections; Kinases; Lactoferrins; Leukocytes; Life Sciences; Lysozyme; Mammals; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbiology; Milk; Mini-Review; Papillomavirus; Poliovirus; Polypeptides; Proteases; Proteins; Respiratory syncytial virus; Rotavirus; Semliki Forest virus; Sindbis virus; Studies; Virus Replication - drug effects; Viruses; Viruses - drug effects; Whey Proteins - pharmacology; Canada; China; Antiviral; Lactoferrin; Lactoglobulin; Whey proteins; Lactalbumin; Lysozyme
• ISSN: 0175-7598; 1432-0614
• DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6818-4

Milk contains an array of proteins with useful bioactivities. Many milk proteins encompassing native or chemically modified casein, lactoferrin, alpha-lactalbumin, and beta-lactoglobulin demonstrated antiviral activities. Casein and alpha-lactalbumin gained anti-HIV activity after modification with 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride. Many milk proteins inhibited HIV reverse transcriptase. Bovine glycolactin, angiogenin-1, lactogenin, casein, alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin, bovine lactoferrampin, and human lactoferrampin inhibited HIV-1 protease and integrase. Several mammalian lactoferrins prevented hepatitis C infection. Lactoferrin, methylated alpha-lactalbumin and methylated beta-lactoglobulin inhibited human cytomegalovirus. Chemically modified alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin and lysozyme, lactoferrin and lactoferricin, methylated alpha-lactalbumin, methylated and ethylated beta-lactoglobulins inhibited HSV. Chemically modified bovine beta-lactoglobulin had antihuman papillomavirus activity. Beta-lactoglobulin, lactoferrin, esterified beta-lactoglobulin, and esterified lactoferrindisplayed anti-avian influenza A (H5N1) activity. Lactoferrin inhibited respiratory syncytial virus, hepatitis B virus, adenovirus, poliovirus, hantavirus, sindbis virus, semliki forest virus, echovirus, and enterovirus. Milk mucin, apolactoferrin, Fe 3+ -lactoferrin, beta-lactoglobulin, human lactadherin, bovine IgG, and bovine kappa-casein demonstrated antihuman rotavirus activity.