genetic architecture of leaf number and its genetic relationship to flowering time in maize

The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is frequently used as a measure of flowering time, a trait that is key to local environmental adaptation. Here, using a large set of 866 maize‐teosinte BC₂S...

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Published inThe New phytologist Vol. 210; no. 1; pp. 256 - 268
Main Authors Li, Dan, Wang, Xufeng, Zhang, Xiangbo, Chen, Qiuyue, Xu, Guanghui, Xu, Dingyi, Wang, Chenglong, Liang, Yameng, Wu, Lishuan, Huang, Cheng, Tian, Jinge, Wu, Yaoyao, Tian, Feng
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Academic Press 01.04.2016
New Phytologist Trust
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects
Corn
Crosses, Genetic
Domestication
flowering
flowering time
Flowers - genetics
Flowers - physiology
genes
Genetic Association Studies
genetic markers
genetic overlap
genetic relationships
inbred lines
Inbreeding
leaf number
Leaves
loci
maize (Zea mays)
phenology
Phenotype
Physical Chromosome Mapping
plant architecture
Plant Leaves - anatomy & histology
Plant Leaves - genetics
Plants
pleiotropy
Quantitative Trait Loci - genetics
quantitative trait locus (QTL)
Reproducibility of Results
single nucleotide polymorphism
Time Factors
Zea mays
Zea mays - genetics
Zea mays - physiology
leaf number
maize (Zea mays)
quantitative trait locus (QTL)
genetic overlap
flowering time
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0028-646X
1469-8137
DOI10.1111/nph.13765

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Abstract The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is frequently used as a measure of flowering time, a trait that is key to local environmental adaptation. Here, using a large set of 866 maize‐teosinte BC₂S₃ recombinant inbred lines genotyped by using 19 838 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, we conducted a comprehensive genetic dissection to assess the genetic architecture of leaf number and its genetic relationship to flowering time. We demonstrated that the two components of total leaf number, the number of leaves above (LA) and below (LB) the primary ear, were under relatively independent genetic control and might be subject to differential directional selection during maize domestication and improvement. Furthermore, we revealed that flowering time and leaf number are commonly regulated at a moderate level. The pleiotropy of the genes ZCN8, dlf1 and ZmCCT on leaf number and flowering time were validated by near‐isogenic line analysis. Through fine mapping, qLA1‐1, a major‐effect locus that specifically affects LA, was delimited to a region with severe recombination suppression derived from teosinte. This study provides important insights into the genetic basis of traits affecting plant architecture and adaptation. The genetic independence of LA from LB enables the optimization of leaf number for ideal plant architecture breeding in maize.
AbstractList Summary The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is frequently used as a measure of flowering time, a trait that is key to local environmental adaptation. Here, using a large set of 866 maize-teosinte BC2S3 recombinant inbred lines genotyped by using 19 838 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, we conducted a comprehensive genetic dissection to assess the genetic architecture of leaf number and its genetic relationship to flowering time. We demonstrated that the two components of total leaf number, the number of leaves above (LA) and below (LB) the primary ear, were under relatively independent genetic control and might be subject to differential directional selection during maize domestication and improvement. Furthermore, we revealed that flowering time and leaf number are commonly regulated at a moderate level. The pleiotropy of the genes ZCN8,dlf1 and ZmCCT on leaf number and flowering time were validated by near-isogenic line analysis. Through fine mapping, qLA1-1, a major-effect locus that specifically affects LA, was delimited to a region with severe recombination suppression derived from teosinte. This study provides important insights into the genetic basis of traits affecting plant architecture and adaptation. The genetic independence of LA from LB enables the optimization of leaf number for ideal plant architecture breeding in maize.
The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is frequently used as a measure of flowering time, a trait that is key to local environmental adaptation. Here, using a large set of 866 maize-teosinte BC2S3 recombinant inbred lines genotyped by using 19 838 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, we conducted a comprehensive genetic dissection to assess the genetic architecture of leaf number and its genetic relationship to flowering time. We demonstrated that the two components of total leaf number, the number of leaves above (LA) and below (LB) the primary ear, were under relatively independent genetic control and might be subject to differential directional selection during maize domestication and improvement. Furthermore, we revealed that flowering time and leaf number are commonly regulated at a moderate level. The pleiotropy of the genes ZCN8, dlf1 and ZmCCT on leaf number and flowering time were validated by near-isogenic line analysis. Through fine mapping, qLA1-1, a major-effect locus that specifically affects LA, was delimited to a region with severe recombination suppression derived from teosinte. This study provides important insights into the genetic basis of traits affecting plant architecture and adaptation. The genetic independence of LA from LB enables the optimization of leaf number for ideal plant architecture breeding in maize.
The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is frequently used as a measure of flowering time, a trait that is key to local environmental adaptation. Here, using a large set of 866 maize-teosinte BC2 S3 recombinant inbred lines genotyped by using 19,838 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, we conducted a comprehensive genetic dissection to assess the genetic architecture of leaf number and its genetic relationship to flowering time. We demonstrated that the two components of total leaf number, the number of leaves above (LA) and below (LB) the primary ear, were under relatively independent genetic control and might be subject to differential directional selection during maize domestication and improvement. Furthermore, we revealed that flowering time and leaf number are commonly regulated at a moderate level. The pleiotropy of the genes ZCN8, dlf1 and ZmCCT on leaf number and flowering time were validated by near-isogenic line analysis. Through fine mapping, qLA1-1, a major-effect locus that specifically affects LA, was delimited to a region with severe recombination suppression derived from teosinte. This study provides important insights into the genetic basis of traits affecting plant architecture and adaptation. The genetic independence of LA from LB enables the optimization of leaf number for ideal plant architecture breeding in maize.
* The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is frequently used as a measure of flowering time, a trait that is key to local environmental adaptation. * Here, using a large set of 866 maize-teosinte BC sub(2)S sub(3) recombinant inbred lines genotyped by using 19 838 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, we conducted a comprehensive genetic dissection to assess the genetic architecture of leaf number and its genetic relationship to flowering time. * We demonstrated that the two components of total leaf number, the number of leaves above (LA) and below (LB) the primary ear, were under relatively independent genetic control and might be subject to differential directional selection during maize domestication and improvement. Furthermore, we revealed that flowering time and leaf number are commonly regulated at a moderate level. The pleiotropy of the genes ZCN8, dlf1 and ZmCCT on leaf number and flowering time were validated by near-isogenic line analysis. Through fine mapping, qLA1-1, a major-effect locus that specifically affects LA, was delimited to a region with severe recombination suppression derived from teosinte. * This study provides important insights into the genetic basis of traits affecting plant architecture and adaptation. The genetic independence of LA from LB enables the optimization of leaf number for ideal plant architecture breeding in maize.
The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize ( Zea mays ), and leaf number is frequently used as a measure of flowering time, a trait that is key to local environmental adaptation. Here, using a large set of 866 maize‐teosinte BC 2 S 3 recombinant inbred lines genotyped by using 19 838 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, we conducted a comprehensive genetic dissection to assess the genetic architecture of leaf number and its genetic relationship to flowering time. We demonstrated that the two components of total leaf number, the number of leaves above ( LA ) and below ( LB ) the primary ear, were under relatively independent genetic control and might be subject to differential directional selection during maize domestication and improvement. Furthermore, we revealed that flowering time and leaf number are commonly regulated at a moderate level. The pleiotropy of the genes ZCN 8 , dlf1 and Zm CCT on leaf number and flowering time were validated by near‐isogenic line analysis. Through fine mapping, qLA 1‐1 , a major‐effect locus that specifically affects LA , was delimited to a region with severe recombination suppression derived from teosinte. This study provides important insights into the genetic basis of traits affecting plant architecture and adaptation. The genetic independence of LA from LB enables the optimization of leaf number for ideal plant architecture breeding in maize.
The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is frequently used as a measure of flowering time, a trait that is key to local environmental adaptation. Here, using a large set of 866 maize‐teosinte BC₂S₃ recombinant inbred lines genotyped by using 19 838 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, we conducted a comprehensive genetic dissection to assess the genetic architecture of leaf number and its genetic relationship to flowering time. We demonstrated that the two components of total leaf number, the number of leaves above (LA) and below (LB) the primary ear, were under relatively independent genetic control and might be subject to differential directional selection during maize domestication and improvement. Furthermore, we revealed that flowering time and leaf number are commonly regulated at a moderate level. The pleiotropy of the genes ZCN8, dlf1 and ZmCCT on leaf number and flowering time were validated by near‐isogenic line analysis. Through fine mapping, qLA1‐1, a major‐effect locus that specifically affects LA, was delimited to a region with severe recombination suppression derived from teosinte. This study provides important insights into the genetic basis of traits affecting plant architecture and adaptation. The genetic independence of LA from LB enables the optimization of leaf number for ideal plant architecture breeding in maize.
Summary The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is frequently used as a measure of flowering time, a trait that is key to local environmental adaptation. Here, using a large set of 866 maize‐teosinte BC2S3 recombinant inbred lines genotyped by using 19 838 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, we conducted a comprehensive genetic dissection to assess the genetic architecture of leaf number and its genetic relationship to flowering time. We demonstrated that the two components of total leaf number, the number of leaves above (LA) and below (LB) the primary ear, were under relatively independent genetic control and might be subject to differential directional selection during maize domestication and improvement. Furthermore, we revealed that flowering time and leaf number are commonly regulated at a moderate level. The pleiotropy of the genes ZCN8, dlf1 and ZmCCT on leaf number and flowering time were validated by near‐isogenic line analysis. Through fine mapping, qLA1‐1, a major‐effect locus that specifically affects LA, was delimited to a region with severe recombination suppression derived from teosinte. This study provides important insights into the genetic basis of traits affecting plant architecture and adaptation. The genetic independence of LA from LB enables the optimization of leaf number for ideal plant architecture breeding in maize.
The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is frequently used as a measure of flowering time, a trait that is key to local environmental adaptation. Here, using a large set of 866 maize‐teosinte BC₂S₃ recombinant inbred lines genotyped by using 19 838 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, we conducted a comprehensive genetic dissection to assess the genetic architecture of leaf number and its genetic relationship to flowering time. We demonstrated that the two components of total leaf number, the number of leaves above (LA) and below (LB) the primary ear, were under relatively independent genetic control and might be subject to differential directional selection during maize domestication and improvement. Furthermore, we revealed that flowering time and leaf number are commonly regulated at a moderate level. The pleiotropy of the genes ZCN8, dlf1 and ZmCCT on leaf number and flowering time were validated by near‐isogenic line analysis. Through fine mapping, qLA1‐1, a major‐effect locus that specifically affects LA, was delimited to a region with severe recombination suppression derived from teosinte. This study provides important insights into the genetic basis of traits affecting plant architecture and adaptation. The genetic independence of LA from LB enables the optimization of leaf number for ideal plant architecture breeding in maize.
Author Wu, Lishuan
Li, Dan
Huang, Cheng
Wang, Xufeng
Liang, Yameng
Tian, Feng
Zhang, Xiangbo
Wu, Yaoyao
Chen, Qiuyue
Xu, Guanghui
Wang, Chenglong
Xu, Dingyi
Tian, Jinge
AuthorAffiliation 1 National Maize Improvement Center of China China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 National Maize Improvement Center of China China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  fullname: Li, Dan
– sequence: 2
  fullname: Wang, Xufeng
– sequence: 3
  fullname: Zhang, Xiangbo
– sequence: 4
  fullname: Chen, Qiuyue
– sequence: 5
  fullname: Xu, Guanghui
– sequence: 6
  fullname: Xu, Dingyi
– sequence: 7
  fullname: Wang, Chenglong
– sequence: 8
  fullname: Liang, Yameng
– sequence: 9
  fullname: Wu, Lishuan
– sequence: 10
  fullname: Huang, Cheng
– sequence: 11
  fullname: Tian, Jinge
– sequence: 12
  fullname: Wu, Yaoyao
– sequence: 13
  fullname: Tian, Feng
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26593156$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 1
Keywords leaf number
maize (Zea mays)
quantitative trait locus (QTL)
genetic overlap
flowering time
Language English
License Attribution
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
2015 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2015 New Phytologist Trust.
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c6415-3efaa29fa4459e0bbe7d5df838971b4f875d6e05075d9b32159c6f3e36ebd1873
Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.13765
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OpenAccessLink https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fnph.13765
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Snippet The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is frequently...
Summary The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is...
The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize ( Zea mays ), and leaf number is frequently...
Summary The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is...
* The number of leaves and their distributions on plants are critical factors determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays), and leaf number is frequently...
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SourceType Open Access Repository
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Publisher
StartPage 256
SubjectTerms Corn
Crosses, Genetic
Domestication
flowering
flowering time
Flowers - genetics
Flowers - physiology
genes
Genetic Association Studies
genetic markers
genetic overlap
genetic relationships
inbred lines
Inbreeding
leaf number
Leaves
loci
maize (Zea mays)
phenology
Phenotype
Physical Chromosome Mapping
plant architecture
Plant Leaves - anatomy & histology
Plant Leaves - genetics
Plants
pleiotropy
Quantitative Trait Loci - genetics
quantitative trait locus (QTL)
Reproducibility of Results
single nucleotide polymorphism
Time Factors
Zea mays
Zea mays - genetics
Zea mays - physiology
Title genetic architecture of leaf number and its genetic relationship to flowering time in maize
URI https://www.jstor.org/stable/newphytologist.210.1.256
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fnph.13765
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26593156
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1768113249
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1768558246
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1780504602
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1803159347
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5063108
Volume 210
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