The effects of gender, educational level, and personality on online learning outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic

With the rampant pandemic of COVID-19, an increasing number of people are acquiring knowledge through online learning approaches. This study aims to investigate how to improve online learning effectiveness during this special time. Through a mixed design, this study revealed the effect of educationa...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inInternational Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 14 - 17
Main Author Yu, Zhonggen
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cham Springer International Publishing 02.04.2021
BioMed Central, Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
SpringerOpen
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Loading…
Abstract With the rampant pandemic of COVID-19, an increasing number of people are acquiring knowledge through online learning approaches. This study aims to investigate how to improve online learning effectiveness during this special time. Through a mixed design, this study revealed the effect of educational levels, gender, and personality traits on online learning outcomes. It was concluded that postgraduates (N = 599) outperformed undergraduates (N = 553) in online learning, learners (N = 1152) with strong personality traits such as agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to a new experience outperformed those with strong extraversion and neuroticism. Future research could improve interpersonal interactions and encourage learners to post words in the online discussion forum, focus on how to design scaffolding online learning and how to improve the quality and dynamic of the online contents, and highlight blended learning rather than either merely online or traditional face-to-face learning.
AbstractList With the rampant pandemic of COVID-19, an increasing number of people are acquiring knowledge through online learning approaches. This study aims to investigate how to improve online learning effectiveness during this special time. Through a mixed design, this study revealed the effect of educational levels, gender, and personality traits on online learning outcomes. It was concluded that postgraduates (N = 599) outperformed undergraduates (N = 553) in online learning, learners (N = 1152) with strong personality traits such as agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to a new experience outperformed those with strong extraversion and neuroticism. Future research could improve interpersonal interactions and encourage learners to post words in the online discussion forum, focus on how to design scaffolding online learning and how to improve the quality and dynamic of the online contents, and highlight blended learning rather than either merely online or traditional face-to-face learning.
With the rampant pandemic of COVID-19, an increasing number of people are acquiring knowledge through online learning approaches. This study aims to investigate how to improve online learning effectiveness during this special time. Through a mixed design, this study revealed the effect of educational levels, gender, and personality traits on online learning outcomes. It was concluded that postgraduates (N = 599) outperformed undergraduates (N = 553) in online learning, learners (N = 1152) with strong personality traits such as agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to a new experience outperformed those with strong extraversion and neuroticism. Future research could improve interpersonal interactions and encourage learners to post words in the online discussion forum, focus on how to design scaffolding online learning and how to improve the quality and dynamic of the online contents, and highlight blended learning rather than either merely online or traditional face-to-face learning.With the rampant pandemic of COVID-19, an increasing number of people are acquiring knowledge through online learning approaches. This study aims to investigate how to improve online learning effectiveness during this special time. Through a mixed design, this study revealed the effect of educational levels, gender, and personality traits on online learning outcomes. It was concluded that postgraduates (N = 599) outperformed undergraduates (N = 553) in online learning, learners (N = 1152) with strong personality traits such as agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to a new experience outperformed those with strong extraversion and neuroticism. Future research could improve interpersonal interactions and encourage learners to post words in the online discussion forum, focus on how to design scaffolding online learning and how to improve the quality and dynamic of the online contents, and highlight blended learning rather than either merely online or traditional face-to-face learning.
Abstract With the rampant pandemic of COVID-19, an increasing number of people are acquiring knowledge through online learning approaches. This study aims to investigate how to improve online learning effectiveness during this special time. Through a mixed design, this study revealed the effect of educational levels, gender, and personality traits on online learning outcomes. It was concluded that postgraduates (N = 599) outperformed undergraduates (N = 553) in online learning, learners (N = 1152) with strong personality traits such as agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to a new experience outperformed those with strong extraversion and neuroticism. Future research could improve interpersonal interactions and encourage learners to post words in the online discussion forum, focus on how to design scaffolding online learning and how to improve the quality and dynamic of the online contents, and highlight blended learning rather than either merely online or traditional face-to-face learning.
ArticleNumber 14
Audience Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Author Yu, Zhonggen
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Zhonggen
  orcidid: 0000-0002-3873-980X
  surname: Yu
  fullname: Yu, Zhonggen
  email: yuzhonggen@blcu.edu.cn, 401373742@qq.com
  organization: Department of English Studies, Faculty of Foreign Languages, Beijing Language and Culture University
BackLink http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ1291834$$DView record in ERIC
BookMark eNp9kl1rFDEUhgep2Fr7BwQh4I0XHc3H5OtGkLXqSqE31duQyZzZZplN1mSm0H9vZqdU24tCIB_nfR9Okvd1dRRigKp6S_BHQpT4lBtCma4xJTXGlNOavahOKBO81k2Dj_5bH1dnOW8xxkRTyhR9VR2zRkrFKT6p0vUNIOh7cGNGsUcbCB2kcwTd5OzoY7ADGuAWhnNkQ4f2kPJ85sc7FEMZgw9QBDYFHzYoTqOLO8iom9K8Hwt8dfV7_bUmGu0LAHbevale9nbIcHY_n1a_vl1cr37Ul1ff16svl7UTDR5rDY5IQnUnWNtaTXstgcleCKUE7ThzrnOyk5IS7RoF5TZtL9uWkg7rplWUnVbrhdtFuzX75Hc23ZlovTkcxLQxNo3eDWAcSE2txERJ0ljJre0t11hzzhQ4ygvr88LaT-0OOgdhTHZ4BH1cCf7GbOKtUZgIjkUBfLgHpPhngjyanc8OhsEGiFM2lGupsKSHvt8_kW7jlMqjzypcVEIJVVTvFhUk7x4aufhZXowo1pQ6XeouxZwT9A8ags2cILMkyJQEmUOCDCsm9cTk_HiIQbmUH563ssWa9_PXQ_rX9TOuv2Q12P0
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1080_10494820_2024_2417719
crossref_primary_10_31004_obsesi_v6i3_1960
crossref_primary_10_55056_etq_713
crossref_primary_10_37467_revhuman_v11_4125
crossref_primary_10_4103_ijcd_ijcd_33_21
crossref_primary_10_23887_jp2_v5i2_48841
crossref_primary_10_26425_2658_347X_2022_5_1_76_86
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_023_11833_2
crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci14040367
crossref_primary_10_1080_2331186X_2022_2135257
crossref_primary_10_20867_thm_31_1_5
crossref_primary_10_1080_23311916_2021_2010509
crossref_primary_10_12677_AE_2023_13111400
crossref_primary_10_1080_15623599_2022_2152949
crossref_primary_10_1080_02601370_2023_2196449
crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSS_2022_3163912
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph20010172
crossref_primary_10_1186_s41239_022_00342_w
crossref_primary_10_1007_s44217_023_00065_8
crossref_primary_10_25299_es_ijope_2022_vol3_3__9276
crossref_primary_10_4018_IJTEE_315598
crossref_primary_10_4018_IJMBL_297975
crossref_primary_10_1108_IJEM_02_2023_0066
crossref_primary_10_1007_s41959_023_00095_1
crossref_primary_10_3390_higheredu3020016
crossref_primary_10_69569_jip_2024_0023
crossref_primary_10_1007_s42448_024_00193_0
crossref_primary_10_1017_cts_2023_628
crossref_primary_10_23887_jp2_v6i1_52228
crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2023_1199684
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_023_11619_6
crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci11120810
crossref_primary_10_4018_IJOPCD_311442
crossref_primary_10_35622_j_rie_2022_02_007
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12144_023_04403_9
crossref_primary_10_1186_s41239_022_00330_0
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2022_e12766
crossref_primary_10_1186_s43031_022_00062_1
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10212_024_00882_x
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_024_13161_5
crossref_primary_10_3390_computers13080188
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_022_10896_x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jrp_2021_104126
crossref_primary_10_12688_f1000research_72881_1
crossref_primary_10_1080_10494820_2022_2034887
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfma_2025_02_022
crossref_primary_10_1177_21582440211068474
crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci12050365
crossref_primary_10_7899_JCE_22_20
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_022_11081_w
crossref_primary_10_3390_su15021186
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compedu_2024_105209
crossref_primary_10_3389_feduc_2023_1258447
crossref_primary_10_1108_ITSE_05_2022_0067
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pedn_2024_02_026
crossref_primary_10_1108_IJEM_06_2024_0328
crossref_primary_10_1186_s41239_023_00435_0
crossref_primary_10_3390_su16041686
crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci14111268
crossref_primary_10_23887_ijcsl_v8i3_84770
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12528_023_09376_z
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ssaho_2022_100320
crossref_primary_10_4103_jfmpc_jfmpc_1796_23
crossref_primary_10_5897_ERR2023_4359
crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2023_1136141
crossref_primary_10_54536_ajet_v2i2_1560
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11042_022_14217_9
crossref_primary_10_1186_s40561_022_00197_8
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph191912967
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0296670
crossref_primary_10_4018_IJICTE_302250
crossref_primary_10_54097_ehss_v8i_4320
crossref_primary_10_2478_amns_2024_2849
crossref_primary_10_5961_higheredusci_1364972
crossref_primary_10_4018_IJTEE_304079
crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci13030236
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_023_12222_5
crossref_primary_10_1155_2023_9292513
crossref_primary_10_3390_healthcare10091767
crossref_primary_10_2147_PRBM_S448194
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12912_025_02697_7
crossref_primary_10_3390_su13179923
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijosm_2025_100759
crossref_primary_10_1111_jppi_12456
crossref_primary_10_1177_14779714221082691
crossref_primary_10_3390_mti8100084
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12912_024_02393_y
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2022_e09440
crossref_primary_10_4018_IJTEE_308468
crossref_primary_10_1177_21582440241247928
crossref_primary_10_38159_ehass_2022SP31112
crossref_primary_10_3390_su15119009
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_022_11313_z
crossref_primary_10_4018_IJTEE_323454
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_024_12755_3
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10639_024_12822_9
crossref_primary_10_3389_feduc_2024_1354526
crossref_primary_10_4018_IJOPCD_306684
crossref_primary_10_1186_s41239_023_00388_4
crossref_primary_10_3390_su14095263
crossref_primary_10_30783_nevsosbilen_1474093
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actpsy_2024_104660
crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci11090549
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jss_2024_111959
crossref_primary_10_47836_mjmhs_19_3_29
crossref_primary_10_1186_s40536_023_00154_y
crossref_primary_10_30935_ijpdll_13021
crossref_primary_10_3390_su14010224
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e28505
crossref_primary_10_52589_AJSTE_PXE0PY6L
crossref_primary_10_60101_jla_2024_5_1_4412
crossref_primary_10_3390_ejihpe14020025
crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2022_1027591
crossref_primary_10_4236_ojml_2024_146058
crossref_primary_10_52711_0974_360X_2022_00213
crossref_primary_10_2147_AMEP_S493782
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e32638
crossref_primary_10_1177_21582440241227769
crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2022_926947
crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci12070453
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e32632
crossref_primary_10_1111_jcal_12849
crossref_primary_10_1186_s41239_024_00492_z
crossref_primary_10_2147_AMEP_S376069
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12144_023_05105_y
crossref_primary_10_25217_ji_v9i1_4535
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10758_025_09828_8
crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2021_762213
crossref_primary_10_3390_su14138138
crossref_primary_10_1080_10668926_2022_2050839
crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_6552_ad5f6d
crossref_primary_10_12973_eu_jer_11_1_243
crossref_primary_10_1080_15313220_2024_2311903
crossref_primary_10_1080_02680513_2023_2270987
crossref_primary_10_1103_PhysRevPhysEducRes_19_020131
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11121_023_01526_0
crossref_primary_10_51867_scimundi_3_1_10
crossref_primary_10_3390_su14127129
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10758_023_09646_w
crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2023_1071985
crossref_primary_10_3390_app13084983
crossref_primary_10_1080_15512169_2025_2453846
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2022_e11170
crossref_primary_10_1108_AEDS_11_2023_0155
crossref_primary_10_1080_08923647_2023_2168106
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_paid_2022_111645
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_im_2022_103667
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12564_023_09834_4
crossref_primary_10_1108_HESWBL_03_2022_0062
crossref_primary_10_1080_10447318_2022_2097779
crossref_primary_10_3390_educsci11090554
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_48727_9
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.jslw.2011.12.001
10.1108/IJILT-03-2019-0040
10.1016/j.chb.2010.11.013
10.1016/S0923-4748(97)00010-6
10.3102/00346543076001093
10.1016/j.chb.2017.02.030
10.14742/ajet.4162
10.1037/0021-9010.92.3.595
10.21432/T2B88W
10.1016/j.lindif.2018.05.019
10.1016/j.iheduc.2019.100724
10.1016/j.paid.2014.07.011
10.1016/j.iheduc.2015.10.002
10.1016/j.system.2012.10.013
10.3102/00346543074003379
10.4018/IJHCITP.2016070103
10.1111/j.1744-6570.1991.tb00688.x
10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103695
10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.05.005
10.1016/j.compedu.2016.11.003
10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00668
10.1111/hequ.12116
10.1186/s12909-020-02208-z
10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00541
10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.018
10.1016/j.paid.2015.07.005
10.1016/j.lindif.2014.10.005
10.1037/1040-3590.18.2.192
10.1109/TLT.2019.2924223
10.1021/j.jchemed.0c00543
10.1021/j.jchemed.0c00783
10.1016/j.chb.2013.06.007
10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2785
10.1111/j.1467-8535.2005.00542.x
10.1007/s11423-007-9065-2
10.1080/0307507032000122305
10.1016/j.newideapsych.2019.100759
10.1016/j.compedu.2016.06.002
10.1016/j.lindif.2014.03.022
10.1016/j.paid.2010.01.004
10.1002/ece3.6948
10.4103/ijo.IJO_2535_20
10.1016/j.compedu.2013.05.016
10.1037/a0028496
10.1016/j.compedu.2009.01.001
10.1207/s15327752jpa6401_2
10.1016/j.compedu.2016.01.014
10.4103/ijo.IJO_1241_20
10.1016/j.measurement.2019.107204
10.1007/s11528-014-0753-6
10.1016/j.compedu.2012.08.015
10.3390/su13020781
10.1007/s12528-012-9059-x
10.1177/016146811311500307
10.1108/S2044-9968(2013)000006G007
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s) 2021
The Author(s) 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
The Author(s) 2021.
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s) 2021
– notice: The Author(s) 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: The Author(s) 2021.
DBID C6C
AAYXX
CITATION
7SW
BJH
BNH
BNI
BNJ
BNO
ERI
PET
REK
WWN
0-V
3V.
7XB
88B
89V
8BY
8FE
8FG
8FK
8G5
ABUWG
AFKRA
AHOVV
ALSLI
ARAPS
AZQEC
BENPR
BGLVJ
CCPQU
CJNVE
CLZPN
COVID
DPSOV
DWQXO
GNUQQ
GUQSH
HCIFZ
KC-
M0P
M2L
M2O
MBDVC
P5Z
P62
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PKEHL
PQEDU
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
PRQQA
Q9U
7X8
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.1186/s41239-021-00252-3
DatabaseName Springer Nature OA Free Journals
CrossRef
ERIC
ERIC (Ovid)
ERIC
ERIC
ERIC (Legacy Platform)
ERIC( SilverPlatter )
ERIC
ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)
Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)
ERIC
ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection【Remote access available】
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Education Database (Alumni Edition)
PRISMA Database
PRISMA Database with HAPI Index
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Technology Collection
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Research Library
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
Education Research Index
Social Science Premium Collection
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central
Technology Collection
ProQuest One
ProQuest Education Collection
Latin America & Iberian Database
Coronavirus Research Database
Politics Collection
ProQuest Central
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest Research Library
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Politics Collection
Education Database
Political Science Database
ProQuest Research Library (NC LIVE)
Research Library (Corporate)
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest Publicly Available Content
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Education
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest One Social Sciences
ProQuest Central Basic
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Open Access Full Text
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
ERIC
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Education
Research Library Prep
ProQuest Central Student
Technology Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
PRISMA (without HAPI)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest One Community College
Research Library (Alumni Edition)
Politics Collection
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Research Library
ProQuest Central (New)
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
Social Science Premium Collection
ProQuest Political Science
Education Collection
ProQuest One Social Sciences
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest Education Journals
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
Coronavirus Research Database
ProQuest Technology Collection
ProQuest SciTech Collection
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
Latin America & Iberian Database
ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
PRISMA (with HAPI)
ProQuest Politics Collection
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest Education Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList
Publicly Available Content Database
MEDLINE - Academic
ERIC
CrossRef


Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: C6C
  name: Springer Nature OA Free Journals
  url: http://www.springeropen.com/
  sourceTypes: Publisher
– sequence: 2
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 3
  dbid: ERI
  name: ERIC
  url: https://eric.ed.gov/
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 4
  dbid: 8FG
  name: ProQuest Technology Collection
  url: https://search.proquest.com/technologycollection1
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Education
Law
Computer Science
EISSN 2365-9440
ERIC EJ1291834
EndPage 17
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_ce792a7018714a75aafa59095538ec25
PMC8016506
EJ1291834
10_1186_s41239_021_00252_3
GroupedDBID -W8
0R~
5VS
89V
8BY
8G5
AAFWJ
AAHSB
AAKKN
ABEEZ
ABFTD
ABUWG
ACACY
ACGFS
ACULB
ADBBV
ADINQ
ADUOI
AFGXO
AFKRA
AHBYD
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ALSLI
AMKLP
ARAPS
ASPBG
AZQEC
B14
BCNDV
BENPR
BGLVJ
C24
C6C
CCPQU
CJNVE
CLZPN
DPSOV
DWQXO
EBS
EDJ
EJD
FAEIB
GNUQQ
GROUPED_DOAJ
GUQSH
HCIFZ
HISYW
IAO
IER
INF
ITC
KC-
KPI
M0P
M2L
M2O
M~E
OK1
PIMPY
PQEDU
PQQKQ
PROAC
RHO
RSV
SOJ
AAYXX
AFPKN
CITATION
PHGZM
PHGZT
7SW
AHSBF
BJH
BNH
BNI
BNJ
BNO
ERI
H13
PET
PQGLB
PRQQA
PUEGO
REK
WWN
0-V
3V.
7XB
8FE
8FG
8FK
AHOVV
COVID
MBDVC
P62
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c640t-9ec17129d63bba92f97e37f668862d53ccdc7d77219c48e520bf7bb21d094b823
IEDL.DBID BENPR
ISSN 2365-9440
IngestDate Wed Aug 27 01:28:35 EDT 2025
Thu Aug 21 18:19:52 EDT 2025
Tue Aug 05 09:43:09 EDT 2025
Sat Aug 23 14:35:12 EDT 2025
Tue Sep 02 19:24:50 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 04:32:45 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 22:56:01 EDT 2025
Fri Feb 21 02:49:28 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Keywords Educational levels
COVID-19 pandemic
Personality
Gender
Language English
License Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c640t-9ec17129d63bba92f97e37f668862d53ccdc7d77219c48e520bf7bb21d094b823
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
ORCID 0000-0002-3873-980X
OpenAccessLink https://www.proquest.com/docview/2507806868?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication%
PMID 34778520
PQID 2507806868
PQPubID 396499
PageCount 17
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_ce792a7018714a75aafa59095538ec25
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8016506
proquest_miscellaneous_2597807282
proquest_journals_2507806868
eric_primary_EJ1291834
crossref_primary_10_1186_s41239_021_00252_3
crossref_citationtrail_10_1186_s41239_021_00252_3
springer_journals_10_1186_s41239_021_00252_3
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2021-04-02
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2021-04-02
PublicationDate_xml – month: 04
  year: 2021
  text: 2021-04-02
  day: 02
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Cham
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Cham
– name: Heidelberg
PublicationTitle International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education
PublicationTitleAbbrev Int J Educ Technol High Educ
PublicationYear 2021
Publisher Springer International Publishing
BioMed Central, Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
SpringerOpen
Publisher_xml – name: Springer International Publishing
– name: BioMed Central, Ltd
– name: Springer Nature B.V
– name: SpringerOpen
References Keller, Karau (CR40) 2013; 29
Varela, Cater, Michel (CR68) 2012; 24
Hung, Hsu, Rice (CR34) 2012; 15
Theobald, Bellhaeuser, Imhof (CR66) 2018; 65
Mohan, Sen, Shah, Jain, Jain (CR56) 2021; 69
Bolliger, Erichsen (CR14) 2013
Kichuk, Wiesner (CR43) 1997; 14
Karim, Zamzuri, Nor (CR38) 2009; 53
Bhagat, Wu, Chang (CR12) 2019; 35
Funder (CR28) 1997
Khalil, Mansour, Fadda, Almisnid, Al-Wutayd (CR42) 2020; 20
Zewail-Foote (CR71) 2020; 97
Alarcon, Edwards (CR2) 2013; 105
Jacobson (CR35) 2008; 56
Alghamdi, Karpinski, Lepp, Barkley (CR3) 2020; 102
Blizak, Blizak, Bouchenak, Yahiaoui (CR13) 2020; 97
Costa, McCrae (CR21) 1992
Tallent-Runnels, Thomas, Lan, Cooper (CR64) 2006; 76
Pawlowska, Westerman, Bergman, Huelsman (CR61) 2014; 36
Barrick, Mount (CR8) 1991; 44
CR4
Means, Toyama, Murphy, Bakia, Jones (CR54) 2013
Arispe, Blake (CR7) 2012; 40
Gašević, Dawson, Rogers, Gasevic (CR31) 2016; 28
Zhou, Lu (CR73) 2011; 27
Boyte-Eckis, Minadeo, Bailey, Bailey (CR15) 2018; 18
CR47
CR46
CR41
Evans (CR26) 2014; 58
Panigrahi, Ranjan, Sharma (CR60) 2018; 43
Harvey, Parahoo, Santally (CR32) 2017; 71
Nistor (CR59) 2013; 68
Zhou (CR72) 2015; 86
Mamun, Lawrie, Wright (CR50) 2020; 144
Mukhtar, Javed, Arooj, Sethi (CR57) 2020; 36
Means, Toyama, Murphy, Baki (CR53) 2013; 115
Bernard, Abrami, Lou, Borokhovski, Wade, Wozney (CR11) 2004; 74
DeKorver, Chaney, Herrington (CR23) 2020; 97
CR18
Diep, Cocquyt, Zhu, Vanwing (CR24) 2016; 101
Kaup, Jain, Shivalli, Pandey, Kaup (CR39) 2020; 68
Jaggars, Xu (CR36) 2016; 95
Kratky, Tvarozek, Chuda (CR44) 2016; 7
McCrae, Costa (CR51) 1995; 64
CR55
Van Haeften, Milic, Addison-Smith, Butcher, Davies (CR67) 2020; 00
Vedel (CR69) 2014; 71
Cooper, Smillie, Corr (CR20) 2010; 48
Luo, Tian, Liu, Lu, Zhong, Yang (CR48) 2020; 151
Huang, Fang (CR33) 2013; 61
Abe (CR1) 2020; 45
Richardson, Woodley (CR62) 2003; 28
Cohen, Baruth (CR19) 2017; 72
Tan, Chng, Chonardo, Ng, Fung (CR65) 2020; 97
John, Naumann, Soto, John, Robins, Pervin (CR37) 2008
Maican, Cocorada (CR49) 2021; 13
McGeown, Putwain, Geijer Simpson, Boffey, Markham, Vince (CR52) 2014; 32
Watjatrakul (CR70) 2020; 37
CR29
CR27
Lai, Sun, Wu, Xiao (CR45) 2020; 13
Davies, Graff (CR22) 2005; 36
Bergner (CR10) 2020; 57
CR63
Donnellan, Oswald, Baird, Lucas (CR25) 2006; 18
Brown (CR16) 2001; 5
Kline (CR74) 2005
Alwi, Adams, Newton (CR5) 2012; 21
Garson (CR30) 1998; 31
Bell (CR9) 2007; 92
Cai, Fan, Du (CR17) 2017; 105
PT Costa (252_CR21) 1992
SL Kichuk (252_CR43) 1997; 14
B Means (252_CR53) 2013; 115
D Gašević (252_CR31) 2016; 28
A Alghamdi (252_CR3) 2020; 102
D Funder (252_CR28) 1997
252_CR63
DK Pawlowska (252_CR61) 2014; 36
AJ Cooper (252_CR20) 2010; 48
M Zewail-Foote (252_CR71) 2020; 97
S Huang (252_CR33) 2013; 61
A Mohan (252_CR56) 2021; 69
RM Bergner (252_CR10) 2020; 57
M Theobald (252_CR66) 2018; 65
S Van Haeften (252_CR67) 2020; 00
252_CR18
A Cohen (252_CR19) 2017; 72
N Alwi (252_CR5) 2012; 21
L Boyte-Eckis (252_CR15) 2018; 18
S Luo (252_CR48) 2020; 151
H Keller (252_CR40) 2013; 29
S Bell (252_CR9) 2007; 92
GD Garson (252_CR30) 1998; 31
252_CR27
NA Diep (252_CR24) 2016; 101
HK Evans (252_CR26) 2014; 58
252_CR29
R Bernard (252_CR11) 2004; 74
JL Hung (252_CR34) 2012; 15
K Mukhtar (252_CR57) 2020; 36
MJ Jacobson (252_CR35) 2008; 56
B Watjatrakul (252_CR70) 2020; 37
Z Cai (252_CR17) 2017; 105
R McCrae (252_CR51) 1995; 64
JT Richardson (252_CR62) 2003; 28
MA Maican (252_CR49) 2021; 13
HR Tan (252_CR65) 2020; 97
KK Bhagat (252_CR12) 2019; 35
MAA Mamun (252_CR50) 2020; 144
B Means (252_CR54) 2013
MB Donnellan (252_CR25) 2006; 18
R Panigrahi (252_CR60) 2018; 43
NSA Karim (252_CR38) 2009; 53
252_CR41
OE Varela (252_CR68) 2012; 24
K Arispe (252_CR7) 2012; 40
SS Jaggars (252_CR36) 2016; 95
R Khalil (252_CR42) 2020; 20
GM Alarcon (252_CR2) 2013; 105
D Blizak (252_CR13) 2020; 97
B DeKorver (252_CR23) 2020; 97
MK Tallent-Runnels (252_CR64) 2006; 76
A Vedel (252_CR69) 2014; 71
OP John (252_CR37) 2008
JAA Abe (252_CR1) 2020; 45
252_CR4
RB Kline (252_CR74) 2005
HL Harvey (252_CR32) 2017; 71
J Davies (252_CR22) 2005; 36
S Lai (252_CR45) 2020; 13
MR Barrick (252_CR8) 1991; 44
252_CR55
252_CR46
252_CR47
R Brown (252_CR16) 2001; 5
S Kaup (252_CR39) 2020; 68
DU Bolliger (252_CR14) 2013
P Kratky (252_CR44) 2016; 7
SP McGeown (252_CR52) 2014; 32
M Zhou (252_CR72) 2015; 86
N Nistor (252_CR59) 2013; 68
T Zhou (252_CR73) 2011; 27
References_xml – volume: 21
  start-page: 23
  year: 2012
  end-page: 39
  ident: CR5
  article-title: Writing to learn via text chat: Task implementation and focus on form
  publication-title: Journal of Second Language Writing
  doi: 10.1016/j.jslw.2011.12.001
– volume: 37
  start-page: 46
  issue: 1/2
  year: 2020
  end-page: 65
  ident: CR70
  article-title: Intention to adopt online learning The effects of perceived value and moderating roles of personality traits
  publication-title: International Journal of Information and Learning Technology
  doi: 10.1108/IJILT-03-2019-0040
– volume: 27
  start-page: 883
  issue: 2
  year: 2011
  end-page: 889
  ident: CR73
  article-title: Examining mobile instant messaging user loyalty from the perspectives of network externalities and flow experience
  publication-title: Computers in Human Behavior
  doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2010.11.013
– volume: 14
  start-page: 195
  issue: 3–4
  year: 1997
  end-page: 221
  ident: CR43
  article-title: The Big Five personality factors and team performance: Implications for selecting successful product design teams
  publication-title: Journal of Engineering and Technology Management
  doi: 10.1016/S0923-4748(97)00010-6
– ident: CR4
– volume: 76
  start-page: 93
  issue: 1
  year: 2006
  end-page: 135
  ident: CR64
  article-title: Teaching courses online: A review of the research
  publication-title: Review of Educational Research
  doi: 10.3102/00346543076001093
– volume: 72
  start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  end-page: 12
  ident: CR19
  article-title: Personality, learning, and satisfaction in fully online academic courses
  publication-title: Computers in Human Behavior
  doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.02.030
– volume: 35
  start-page: 98
  issue: 4
  year: 2019
  end-page: 108
  ident: CR12
  article-title: The impact of personality on students' perceptions towards online learning
  publication-title: Australasian Journal of Educational Technology
  doi: 10.14742/ajet.4162
– volume: 92
  start-page: 595
  issue: 3
  year: 2007
  end-page: 615
  ident: CR9
  article-title: Deep-level composition variables as predictor of team performance: A meta-analysis
  publication-title: Journal of Applied Psychology
  doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.92.3.595
– year: 2013
  ident: CR14
  article-title: Student satisfaction with blended and online courses based on personality type
  publication-title: Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology
  doi: 10.21432/T2B88W
– ident: CR29
– volume: 65
  start-page: 112
  year: 2018
  end-page: 122
  ident: CR66
  article-title: Identifying individual differences using log-file analysis: Distributed learning as mediator between conscientiousness and exam grades
  publication-title: Learning and Individual Differences
  doi: 10.1016/j.lindif.2018.05.019
– volume: 45
  start-page: 100724
  year: 2020
  ident: CR1
  article-title: Big five, linguistic styles, and successful online learning
  publication-title: The Internet and Higher Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.iheduc.2019.100724
– volume: 71
  start-page: 66
  year: 2014
  end-page: 76
  ident: CR69
  article-title: The Big Five and tertiary academic performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  publication-title: Personality and Individual Differences
  doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.07.011
– volume: 28
  start-page: 68
  year: 2016
  end-page: 84
  ident: CR31
  article-title: Learning analytics should not promote one size fits all: The effects of instructional conditions in predicting academic success
  publication-title: The Internet and Higher Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.iheduc.2015.10.002
– year: 2005
  ident: CR74
  publication-title: Principles and practice of structural equation modeling
– volume: 40
  start-page: 449
  issue: 4
  year: 2012
  end-page: 465
  ident: CR7
  article-title: Individual factors and successful learning in a hybrid course
  publication-title: System
  doi: 10.1016/j.system.2012.10.013
– start-page: 114
  year: 2008
  end-page: 158
  ident: CR37
  article-title: Paradigm shift to the integrative Big Five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and conceptual issues
  publication-title: Handbook of personality: Theory and research
– ident: CR46
– volume: 74
  start-page: 379
  year: 2004
  end-page: 439
  ident: CR11
  article-title: How does distance education compare to classroom instruction? A meta-analysis of the empirical literature
  publication-title: Review of Educational Research
  doi: 10.3102/00346543074003379
– volume: 7
  start-page: 33
  issue: 3
  year: 2016
  end-page: 46
  ident: CR44
  article-title: Big Five Personality in online learning and games: analysis of student activity
  publication-title: International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals
  doi: 10.4018/IJHCITP.2016070103
– volume: 44
  start-page: 1
  year: 1991
  end-page: 26
  ident: CR8
  article-title: The Big Five personality dimensions and job performance: A meta-analysis
  publication-title: Personality Psychology
  doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.1991.tb00688.x
– year: 1992
  ident: CR21
  publication-title: Revised NEO personality inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO five factor inventory (NEO-FFI): Professional manual
– volume: 115
  start-page: 1
  issue: 3
  year: 2013
  end-page: 47
  ident: CR53
  article-title: The effectiveness of online and blended learning: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature
  publication-title: Teachers College Record
– volume: 144
  start-page: 103695
  year: 2020
  ident: CR50
  article-title: Instructional design of scaffolded online learning modules for self-directed and inquiry-based learning environments
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103695
– volume: 43
  start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  end-page: 14
  ident: CR60
  article-title: Online learning: Adoption, continuance, and learning outcome—A review of literature
  publication-title: International Journal of Information Management
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.05.005
– volume: 105
  start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  end-page: 13
  ident: CR17
  article-title: Gender and attitudes toward technology use: A meta-analysis
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.11.003
– volume: 97
  start-page: 2466
  issue: 9
  year: 2020
  end-page: 2471
  ident: CR13
  article-title: Students' perceptions regarding the abrupt transition to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: Case of faculty of chemistry and hydrocarbons at the University of Boumerdes-Algeria
  publication-title: Journal of Chemical Education
  doi: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00668
– volume: 71
  start-page: 141
  issue: 2
  year: 2017
  end-page: 158
  ident: CR32
  article-title: Should gender differences be considered when assessing student satisfaction in the online learning environment for millennials?
  publication-title: Higher Education Quarterly
  doi: 10.1111/hequ.12116
– volume: 20
  start-page: 285
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: CR42
  article-title: The sudden transition to synchronized online learning during the covid-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia: A qualitative study exploring medical students' perspectives
  publication-title: BMC Medical Education
  doi: 10.1186/s12909-020-02208-z
– volume: 97
  start-page: 2512
  issue: 9
  year: 2020
  end-page: 2518
  ident: CR65
  article-title: How chemists achieve active learning online during the COVID-19 pandemic: Using the community of inquiry (Col) framework to support remote teaching
  publication-title: Journal of Chemical Education
  doi: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00541
– volume: 102
  start-page: 214
  year: 2020
  end-page: 222
  ident: CR3
  article-title: Online and face-to-face classroom multitasking and academic performance: Moderated mediation with self-efficacy for self-regulated learning and gender
  publication-title: Computers in Human Behavior
  doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.018
– volume: 86
  start-page: 385
  year: 2015
  end-page: 389
  ident: CR72
  article-title: Moderating effect of self-determination in the relationship between Big Five personality and academic performance
  publication-title: Personality and Individual Differences
  doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.07.005
– volume: 36
  start-page: 180
  year: 2014
  end-page: 193
  ident: CR61
  article-title: Student personality, classroom environment, and student outcomes: A person–environment fit analysis
  publication-title: Learning and Individual Differences
  doi: 10.1016/j.lindif.2014.10.005
– ident: CR18
– volume: 18
  start-page: 192
  issue: 2
  year: 2006
  end-page: 203
  ident: CR25
  article-title: The mini-IPIP scales: Tiny-yet effective measures of the Big Five factors of personality
  publication-title: Psychological Assessment
  doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.18.2.192
– volume: 13
  start-page: 26
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  end-page: 37
  ident: CR45
  article-title: Automatic personality identification using students' online learning behavior
  publication-title: IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies
  doi: 10.1109/TLT.2019.2924223
– volume: 97
  start-page: 2727
  issue: 9
  year: 2020
  end-page: 2732
  ident: CR71
  article-title: Pivoting an upper-level, project-based biochemistry laboratory class to online learning during COVID-19: Enhancing research skills and using community outreach to engage undergraduate students
  publication-title: Journal of Chemical Education
  doi: 10.1021/j.jchemed.0c00543
– volume: 97
  start-page: 2825
  issue: 9
  year: 2020
  end-page: 2833
  ident: CR23
  article-title: Strategies for teaching chemistry online: A content analysis of a chemistry instruction online learning community during the time of COVID-19
  publication-title: Journal of Chemical Education
  doi: 10.1021/j.jchemed.0c00783
– ident: CR47
– volume: 29
  start-page: 2494
  issue: 6
  year: 2013
  end-page: 2500
  ident: CR40
  article-title: The importance of personality in students’ perceptions of the online learning experience
  publication-title: Computers in Human Behavior
  doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.06.007
– volume: 36
  start-page: S27
  issue: 4
  year: 2020
  end-page: S31
  ident: CR57
  article-title: Advantages, limitations and recommendations for online learning during COVID-19 pandemic era
  publication-title: Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
  doi: 10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2785
– volume: 36
  start-page: 657
  issue: 4
  year: 2005
  end-page: 663
  ident: CR22
  article-title: Performance in e-learning: online participation and student grades
  publication-title: British Journal of Educational Technology
  doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8535.2005.00542.x
– volume: 56
  start-page: 5
  issue: 1
  year: 2008
  end-page: 28
  ident: CR35
  article-title: A design framework for educational hypermedia systems: Theory, research, and learning emerging scientific conceptual perspectives
  publication-title: Educational Technology Research & Development
  doi: 10.1007/s11423-007-9065-2
– volume: 28
  start-page: 475
  issue: 4
  year: 2003
  end-page: 493
  ident: CR62
  article-title: Another look at the role of age, gender and subject as predictors of academic attainment in higher education
  publication-title: Studies in Higher Education
  doi: 10.1080/0307507032000122305
– ident: CR63
– ident: CR27
– volume: 57
  start-page: 100759
  year: 2020
  ident: CR10
  article-title: What is personality? Two myths and a definition
  publication-title: New Ideas in Psychology
  doi: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2019.100759
– volume: 101
  start-page: 84
  year: 2016
  end-page: 101
  ident: CR24
  article-title: Predicting adult learners' online participation: Effects of altruism, performance expectancy, and social capital
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.06.002
– volume: 32
  start-page: 278
  year: 2014
  end-page: 286
  ident: CR52
  article-title: Predictors of adolescents’ academic motivation: Personality, self-efficacy and adolescents' characteristics
  publication-title: Learning and Individual Differences
  doi: 10.1016/j.lindif.2014.03.022
– volume: 48
  start-page: 688
  issue: 5
  year: 2010
  end-page: 691
  ident: CR20
  article-title: A confirmatory factor analysis of the Mini-IPIP five factor model personality scale
  publication-title: Personality and Individual Differences
  doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2010.01.004
– volume: 00
  start-page: 1
  year: 2020
  end-page: 13
  ident: CR67
  article-title: Grass Gazers: Using citizen science as a tool to facilitate practical and online science learning for secondary school students during the COVID-19 lockdown
  publication-title: Ecology and Evolution
  doi: 10.1002/ece3.6948
– year: 2013
  ident: CR54
  publication-title: Evaluation of evidence-based practices in online learning: A meta-analysis and review of online learning studies
– volume: 69
  start-page: 140
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  end-page: 144
  ident: CR56
  article-title: Prevalence and risk factor assessment of digital eye strain among children using online e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: Digital eye strain among kids (DESK study-1)
  publication-title: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
  doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2535_20
– volume: 68
  start-page: 284
  year: 2013
  end-page: 292
  ident: CR59
  article-title: Stability of attitudes and participation in online university courses: Gender and location effects
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2013.05.016
– volume: 15
  start-page: 27
  issue: 3
  year: 2012
  end-page: 41
  ident: CR34
  article-title: Integrating data mining in program evaluation of K–12 online education
  publication-title: Educational Technology & Society
– volume: 105
  start-page: 129
  issue: 1
  year: 2013
  end-page: 137
  ident: CR2
  article-title: Ability and motivation: Assessing individual factors that contribute to university retention
  publication-title: Journal of Educational Psychology
  doi: 10.1037/a0028496
– volume: 53
  start-page: 86
  issue: 1
  year: 2009
  end-page: 93
  ident: CR38
  article-title: Exploring the relationship between Internet ethics in university students and the big five model of personality
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2009.01.001
– volume: 64
  start-page: 28
  issue: 1
  year: 1995
  ident: CR51
  article-title: Domains and facets: Hierarchical personality assessment using the revised NEO Personality Inventory
  publication-title: Journal of Personality Assessment
  doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6401_2
– volume: 95
  start-page: 270
  year: 2016
  end-page: 284
  ident: CR36
  article-title: How do online course design features influence student performance?
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.01.014
– volume: 68
  start-page: 1220
  issue: 6
  year: 2020
  end-page: 1221
  ident: CR39
  article-title: Sustaining academics during covid-19 pandemic: The role of online teaching-learning
  publication-title: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
  doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1241_20
– volume: 151
  start-page: 107204
  year: 2020
  ident: CR48
  article-title: Rapid determination of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) content in modified asphalt based on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and linear regression analysis
  publication-title: Measurement
  doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2019.107204
– ident: CR55
– volume: 58
  start-page: 63
  issue: 3
  year: 2014
  end-page: 70
  ident: CR26
  article-title: An experimental investigation of videotaped lectures in online courses
  publication-title: TechTrends
  doi: 10.1007/s11528-014-0753-6
– volume: 61
  start-page: 133
  year: 2013
  end-page: 145
  ident: CR33
  article-title: Predicting student academic performance in an engineering dynamics course: A comparison of four types of predictive mathematical models
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2012.08.015
– volume: 31
  start-page: 585
  year: 1998
  end-page: 590
  ident: CR30
  article-title: Evaluating implementation of web-based teaching in political science
  publication-title: PS: Political Science and Politics
– volume: 13
  start-page: 781
  issue: 2
  year: 2021
  ident: CR49
  article-title: Online foreign language learning in higher education and its correlates during the COVID-19 pandemic
  publication-title: Sustainability
  doi: 10.3390/su13020781
– ident: CR41
– volume: 5
  start-page: 18
  year: 2001
  end-page: 35
  ident: CR16
  article-title: The process of community-building in distance learning classes
  publication-title: Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks
– volume: 24
  start-page: 209
  issue: 3
  year: 2012
  end-page: 225
  ident: CR68
  article-title: Online learning in management education: An empirical study of the role of personality traits
  publication-title: Journal of Computing in Higher Education
  doi: 10.1007/s12528-012-9059-x
– volume: 18
  start-page: 17
  issue: 1
  year: 2018
  end-page: 28
  ident: CR15
  article-title: Age, gender, and race as predictors of opting for a midterm retest: A statistical analysis of online economics students
  publication-title: The Journal of Business Diversity
– year: 1997
  ident: CR28
  publication-title: The personality puzzle
– volume: 20
  start-page: 285
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR42
  publication-title: BMC Medical Education
  doi: 10.1186/s12909-020-02208-z
– volume: 5
  start-page: 18
  year: 2001
  ident: 252_CR16
  publication-title: Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks
– volume: 28
  start-page: 68
  year: 2016
  ident: 252_CR31
  publication-title: The Internet and Higher Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.iheduc.2015.10.002
– volume: 97
  start-page: 2512
  issue: 9
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR65
  publication-title: Journal of Chemical Education
  doi: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00541
– volume: 105
  start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: 252_CR17
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.11.003
– volume: 61
  start-page: 133
  year: 2013
  ident: 252_CR33
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2012.08.015
– volume: 58
  start-page: 63
  issue: 3
  year: 2014
  ident: 252_CR26
  publication-title: TechTrends
  doi: 10.1007/s11528-014-0753-6
– volume: 36
  start-page: 657
  issue: 4
  year: 2005
  ident: 252_CR22
  publication-title: British Journal of Educational Technology
  doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8535.2005.00542.x
– volume: 97
  start-page: 2727
  issue: 9
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR71
  publication-title: Journal of Chemical Education
  doi: 10.1021/j.jchemed.0c00543
– volume: 28
  start-page: 475
  issue: 4
  year: 2003
  ident: 252_CR62
  publication-title: Studies in Higher Education
  doi: 10.1080/0307507032000122305
– start-page: 114
  volume-title: Handbook of personality: Theory and research
  year: 2008
  ident: 252_CR37
– volume: 13
  start-page: 781
  issue: 2
  year: 2021
  ident: 252_CR49
  publication-title: Sustainability
  doi: 10.3390/su13020781
– volume: 92
  start-page: 595
  issue: 3
  year: 2007
  ident: 252_CR9
  publication-title: Journal of Applied Psychology
  doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.92.3.595
– volume: 68
  start-page: 284
  year: 2013
  ident: 252_CR59
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2013.05.016
– volume: 45
  start-page: 100724
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR1
  publication-title: The Internet and Higher Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.iheduc.2019.100724
– volume: 36
  start-page: 180
  year: 2014
  ident: 252_CR61
  publication-title: Learning and Individual Differences
  doi: 10.1016/j.lindif.2014.10.005
– volume: 53
  start-page: 86
  issue: 1
  year: 2009
  ident: 252_CR38
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2009.01.001
– volume: 44
  start-page: 1
  year: 1991
  ident: 252_CR8
  publication-title: Personality Psychology
  doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.1991.tb00688.x
– volume: 68
  start-page: 1220
  issue: 6
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR39
  publication-title: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
  doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1241_20
– volume: 13
  start-page: 26
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR45
  publication-title: IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies
  doi: 10.1109/TLT.2019.2924223
– volume: 86
  start-page: 385
  year: 2015
  ident: 252_CR72
  publication-title: Personality and Individual Differences
  doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.07.005
– ident: 252_CR29
– volume-title: Revised NEO personality inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO five factor inventory (NEO-FFI): Professional manual
  year: 1992
  ident: 252_CR21
– ident: 252_CR41
– volume: 7
  start-page: 33
  issue: 3
  year: 2016
  ident: 252_CR44
  publication-title: International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals
  doi: 10.4018/IJHCITP.2016070103
– volume: 24
  start-page: 209
  issue: 3
  year: 2012
  ident: 252_CR68
  publication-title: Journal of Computing in Higher Education
  doi: 10.1007/s12528-012-9059-x
– volume: 115
  start-page: 1
  issue: 3
  year: 2013
  ident: 252_CR53
  publication-title: Teachers College Record
  doi: 10.1177/016146811311500307
– volume: 29
  start-page: 2494
  issue: 6
  year: 2013
  ident: 252_CR40
  publication-title: Computers in Human Behavior
  doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.06.007
– volume: 18
  start-page: 17
  issue: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 252_CR15
  publication-title: The Journal of Business Diversity
– ident: 252_CR18
– volume: 31
  start-page: 585
  year: 1998
  ident: 252_CR30
  publication-title: PS: Political Science and Politics
– volume: 36
  start-page: S27
  issue: 4
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR57
  publication-title: Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
  doi: 10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2785
– volume: 37
  start-page: 46
  issue: 1/2
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR70
  publication-title: International Journal of Information and Learning Technology
  doi: 10.1108/IJILT-03-2019-0040
– volume-title: Principles and practice of structural equation modeling
  year: 2005
  ident: 252_CR74
– volume: 76
  start-page: 93
  issue: 1
  year: 2006
  ident: 252_CR64
  publication-title: Review of Educational Research
  doi: 10.3102/00346543076001093
– volume: 21
  start-page: 23
  year: 2012
  ident: 252_CR5
  publication-title: Journal of Second Language Writing
  doi: 10.1016/j.jslw.2011.12.001
– volume: 69
  start-page: 140
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 252_CR56
  publication-title: Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
  doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2535_20
– volume: 71
  start-page: 66
  year: 2014
  ident: 252_CR69
  publication-title: Personality and Individual Differences
  doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.07.011
– volume: 102
  start-page: 214
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR3
  publication-title: Computers in Human Behavior
  doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.018
– volume: 64
  start-page: 28
  issue: 1
  year: 1995
  ident: 252_CR51
  publication-title: Journal of Personality Assessment
  doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6401_2
– volume-title: The personality puzzle
  year: 1997
  ident: 252_CR28
– volume: 95
  start-page: 270
  year: 2016
  ident: 252_CR36
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.01.014
– volume: 97
  start-page: 2825
  issue: 9
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR23
  publication-title: Journal of Chemical Education
  doi: 10.1021/j.jchemed.0c00783
– ident: 252_CR55
– volume: 48
  start-page: 688
  issue: 5
  year: 2010
  ident: 252_CR20
  publication-title: Personality and Individual Differences
  doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2010.01.004
– volume: 56
  start-page: 5
  issue: 1
  year: 2008
  ident: 252_CR35
  publication-title: Educational Technology Research & Development
  doi: 10.1007/s11423-007-9065-2
– volume-title: Evaluation of evidence-based practices in online learning: A meta-analysis and review of online learning studies
  year: 2013
  ident: 252_CR54
– volume: 35
  start-page: 98
  issue: 4
  year: 2019
  ident: 252_CR12
  publication-title: Australasian Journal of Educational Technology
  doi: 10.14742/ajet.4162
– ident: 252_CR63
  doi: 10.1108/S2044-9968(2013)000006G007
– volume: 74
  start-page: 379
  year: 2004
  ident: 252_CR11
  publication-title: Review of Educational Research
  doi: 10.3102/00346543074003379
– volume: 71
  start-page: 141
  issue: 2
  year: 2017
  ident: 252_CR32
  publication-title: Higher Education Quarterly
  doi: 10.1111/hequ.12116
– volume: 151
  start-page: 107204
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR48
  publication-title: Measurement
  doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2019.107204
– ident: 252_CR46
– volume: 105
  start-page: 129
  issue: 1
  year: 2013
  ident: 252_CR2
  publication-title: Journal of Educational Psychology
  doi: 10.1037/a0028496
– volume: 72
  start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: 252_CR19
  publication-title: Computers in Human Behavior
  doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.02.030
– volume: 15
  start-page: 27
  issue: 3
  year: 2012
  ident: 252_CR34
  publication-title: Educational Technology & Society
– ident: 252_CR4
– volume: 57
  start-page: 100759
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR10
  publication-title: New Ideas in Psychology
  doi: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2019.100759
– volume: 144
  start-page: 103695
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR50
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103695
– volume: 14
  start-page: 195
  issue: 3–4
  year: 1997
  ident: 252_CR43
  publication-title: Journal of Engineering and Technology Management
  doi: 10.1016/S0923-4748(97)00010-6
– volume: 27
  start-page: 883
  issue: 2
  year: 2011
  ident: 252_CR73
  publication-title: Computers in Human Behavior
  doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2010.11.013
– volume: 97
  start-page: 2466
  issue: 9
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR13
  publication-title: Journal of Chemical Education
  doi: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00668
– ident: 252_CR27
– volume: 32
  start-page: 278
  year: 2014
  ident: 252_CR52
  publication-title: Learning and Individual Differences
  doi: 10.1016/j.lindif.2014.03.022
– year: 2013
  ident: 252_CR14
  publication-title: Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology
  doi: 10.21432/T2B88W
– volume: 43
  start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 252_CR60
  publication-title: International Journal of Information Management
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.05.005
– volume: 00
  start-page: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 252_CR67
  publication-title: Ecology and Evolution
  doi: 10.1002/ece3.6948
– ident: 252_CR47
– volume: 40
  start-page: 449
  issue: 4
  year: 2012
  ident: 252_CR7
  publication-title: System
  doi: 10.1016/j.system.2012.10.013
– volume: 101
  start-page: 84
  year: 2016
  ident: 252_CR24
  publication-title: Computers & Education
  doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.06.002
– volume: 65
  start-page: 112
  year: 2018
  ident: 252_CR66
  publication-title: Learning and Individual Differences
  doi: 10.1016/j.lindif.2018.05.019
– volume: 18
  start-page: 192
  issue: 2
  year: 2006
  ident: 252_CR25
  publication-title: Psychological Assessment
  doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.18.2.192
SSID ssj0001922382
Score 2.5639737
Snippet With the rampant pandemic of COVID-19, an increasing number of people are acquiring knowledge through online learning approaches. This study aims to...
Abstract With the rampant pandemic of COVID-19, an increasing number of people are acquiring knowledge through online learning approaches. This study aims to...
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
eric
crossref
springer
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 14
SubjectTerms Academic Achievement
Blended Learning
Computer Appl. in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Computer Science
Computers and Education
Cooperative Learning
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 pandemic
Distance Education
Distance learning
Education
Educational Attainment
Educational levels
Educational Technology
Electronic Learning
Gender
Gender Differences
Graduate Students
Higher Education
Humanities
In Person Learning
Individual Differences
Influence of Technology
Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet)
Instructional Effectiveness
Instructional Improvement
Knowledge acquisition
Law
Learner Engagement
Learning Activities
Learning Readiness
Learning Strategies
Literature Reviews
Medical Education
Online Courses
Ophthalmology
Outcomes of Education
Pandemics
Personality
Personality Traits
Research Article
Scaffolding
Science Instruction
Statistics for Social Sciences
Teacher Effectiveness
Time
Undergraduate Students
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Open Access Full Text
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Nb9QwELVQT1wQFCoCpXIlbqzVxHZs59iWVqUHuFDUm2U7Tikqyaq7-_-ZsZNtdyXohWviJNZ8eN7E4zeEfIwZ9TtWBaeYlMIzJyNnAE4EptiydKnK96u6uJKX1_X1o1ZfWBOW6YGz4I5C1A13GnvHVdLp2rnO1Q0SpwkTA0_spRDzHiVTvzJugVjEp1MyRh0tJKzRDcOKBIzznImNSJQI-7drnhFsbpdKbu2XpjB0_pK8GPEjPc7zfkWexX4XWy-PZRqvyT0ono5VGnTo6E3qFTejcRoCT99hpdCMur6l8wcwToeeZuIMOvaSuKHDagkmGRc0H2ekABfp6bcfXz6zqqFz_AH9-za8IVfnZ99PL9jYWIEFJcsla2KoNAT6VgnvXcO7RkehO6UM5DdtLUJog24Bd1dNkCbWvPSd9p5XLSSD3nCxR3b6oY9vCe06AIjeqxL0Ij0H96-jkVUMoKnQlaog1SRkG0bWcWx-cWdT9mGUzYqxoBibFGNFQT6tn5lnzo1_jj5B3a1HIl92ugBWZEcrsk9ZUUH2UPPrl5xdgnhgtZMF2Z9swY7evbAAG7XBszWmIIfr2-CXuNni-jiscAxyO2nIaAuiN2xoY6abd_rbn4nh2-AhMxTebLK2h4__XRLv_ock3pPnPDmJBF_ZJzvL-1X8ALhr6Q-Si_0BYmQlhQ
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– databaseName: Springer Nature OA Free Journals
  dbid: C24
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1Lb9QwELZouXChsFCRPpCRuLEWG8exnSNsW5UKwYWi3izbcZaikqz2of59Zhxnq10BEtdknETz8HwTz4OQt6FH_Zbl3komROGYFYEzACcFhthiYmOW7xd5eS2ubsqbVBS2HLLdhyPJuFNHs9by_VLAJlsxTClAR81ZsUcelxC7o15PU43Dzx6zgB_iQ4XMH5dueaHYrH833xmB5m6a5M5ZaXRBF8_I04Qd6Yde2M_Jo9COyMEwl4EmMx3hJOaUtTEie5_t_QuyAG2gKXWDdg2dxQFyYxoGQnjsHaYPjaltazp_QOi0a2nfTYOmARMz2q1XwLKwpH2NIwUMSadfv386Y3lF5_hX-tetf0muL86_TS9ZmrbAvBSTFauCzxV4_1oWztmKN5UKhWqk1BD01GXhfe1VDWA8r7zQATjvGuUcz2uIEJ3mxSHZb7s2vCK0aQA1Oicn1jbCcdgTyqBFHrwqrW8mMiP5wH3jUytynIhxZ2JIoqXpJWZAYiZKzBQZebdZM-8bcfyT-iMKdUOJTbTjhW4xM8kmjQ-q4lbhWMJcWPg229iywp58hQ6elxk5RJXYPOT8CtgDW6DIyMmgJCaZ_NIAllQaC250Rt5sboOx4gmMbUO3Rhps-KQgzM2I2lKurS_dvtPe_ohtvzVWniHzxoMaPrz875w4-j_yY_KERzsRYC4nZH-1WIdTgF0r9zpa2W_xGiHM
  priority: 102
  providerName: Springer Nature
Title The effects of gender, educational level, and personality on online learning outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41239-021-00252-3
http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ1291834
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2507806868
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2597807282
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8016506
https://doaj.org/article/ce792a7018714a75aafa59095538ec25
Volume 18
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfR1db9Mw0GLbCy-Ir4nAqIzEG7WWOI7tPCFWWsYeBkIM7S2yHadMGknpx__nznFatRJ7iZTYSaz7vvP5jpD3vrf6DcuckUyI3DIjPGdgnOToYovUhCzfa3l5I65ui9sYcFvFtMpBJgZBXXcOY-TnoKqVxvMM-uPiL8OuUbi7GltoHJETEMEanK-Ti-n19x-7KEsJ6k_z4bSMlucrAbK6ZJiZgPqes3xPI4XC_Ye5z2h0HqZMHuybBnU0e0qeRDuSfuoR_4w88u1zbMEc0zVekCUQAI3ZGrRr6Dz0jBtTP0yBt-8xY2hMTVvTxc4op11L-wIaNPaUmNNuswYw-RXtjzVSMBvp5Nuvr59ZVtIFBqL_3LmX5GY2_Tm5ZLHBAnNSpGtWepcpUPi1zK01JW9K5XPVSKnBz6mL3LnaqRrs76x0QvuCp7ZR1vKsBqfQap6fkuO2a_0rQpsGDEVrZWpMIywHMVB4LTLvVGFck8qEZAOQKxerj2MTjPsqeCFaVj1iKkBMFRBT5Qn5sH1n0dfeeHD2BeJuOxPrZocH3XJeRTasnFclNwo7EWbCwNpMY4oSy_Dl2jteJOQUMb_9yPQKwANSTyTkbKCFKnL5qtrRZELebYeBP3HTxbS-2-AcrPGkwLNNiNqjob2V7o-0d79DpW-Nh80QeOOB2nY__z8kXj-81jfkMQ_kL4ALzsjxernxb8GyWtsROdKzL6PIRHA34QKvcjIKsYpRiC78A5gcI5k
linkProvider ProQuest
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3Nb9MwFLemcYAL4msiMMBIcKLWGseJnQNCsK202xiXDe1mbMcpk7ak64cQ_xR_I-85SatWYrddG6d13-fv2e-DkHe-Qf2Gxc5kTIjEMiM8ZwBOEgyxRd-ELN_TbHguji7Siy3yt6uFwbTKziYGQ13UDs_I98BVS4X1DOrT5Ibh1Ci8Xe1GaDRicez__IaQbfZxdAD8fc_54PBsf8jaqQLMZaI_Z7l3sQQvV2SJtSbnZS59IsssUwDuizRxrnCyANAZ504on_K-LaW1PC4gErIKGx2Ayb8n4K-gRqnB19WZTg7OVvGuNkdlezMBniFnmAeB6IKzZM3_hTEBm5nWCHE3EzQ3bmmD8xs8Ig9b1Eo_N2L2mGz56gkOfG6TQ56SKYgbbXNDaF3ScZhQ16O-WwJvX2F-Uo-aqqCTVQhA64o27TpoO8FiTOvFHJjiZ7QpoqQAUun-9x-jAxbndILH3teX7hk5vxPC75Dtqq78c0LLEmCptVnfmFJYDkYn9UrE3snUuLKfRSTuiKxd2-scR25c6RDzqEw3jNHAGB0Yo5OIfFi-M2k6fdy6-gvybrkSu3SHD-rpWLdKr52XOTcS5x7GwsDeTGnSHJv-Jco7nkZkBzm__JLDIyAP2FgRkd1OFnRrU2Z6pQERebt8DNYAr3hM5esFrsGOUhLi6IjINRla2-n6k-ryV-grrrC0DYnX66Rt9eP_p8SL2_f6htwfnn070Sej0-OX5AEPqiBAI3bJ9ny68K8A083t66BIlPy8a839BzzMWig
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1bb9MwFLamTkK8IG4THQOMBE_UauI4sfOAEFtbrRsqE2Job8Z2nDJpJKUXIf4av45zcmnVSuxtr42TWuf6HftcCHnja9RvWOhMwoSILDPCcwbgJMIQWwSmyvKdJKeX4uwqvtojf9taGEyrbG1iZaiz0uEZeR9ctVRYz6D6eZMWcTEYfZj9YjhBCm9a23EatYic-z-_IXxbvB8PgNdvOR8Nv56csmbCAHOJCJYs9S6U4PGyJLLWpDxPpY9kniQKgH4WR85lTmYAQMPUCeVjHthcWsvDDKIiq7DpAZj_fQlRUdAh-8fDycWXzQlPCq5X8bZSRyX9hQA_kTLMikCswVm05Q2roQG7edcIeHfTNXfubCtXOHpIHjQYln6she4R2fPFYxz_3KSKPCFzED7aZIrQMqfTal5dj_p2Cbx9g9lKPWqKjM42AQEtC1o376DNPIspLVdLYJFf0LqkkgJkpSefv40HLEzpDA_Bf167p-TyTkh_QDpFWfhnhOY5gFRrk8CYXFgOJij2SoTeydi4PEi6JGyJrF3T-RwHcNzoKgJSia4Zo4ExumKMjrrk3fqdWd3349bVx8i79Urs2V39UM6nujEB2nmZciNxCmIoDOzN5CZOsQVgpLzjcZccIOfXHxmeAXnA4oouOWplQTcWZqE3-tAlr9ePwTbghY8pfLnCNdhfSkJU3SVyS4a2drr9pLj-UXUZV1johsTrtdK2-fP_U-Lw9r2-IvdAa_Wn8eT8ObnPK00QoBBHpLOcr_wLAHhL-7LRJEq-37Xy_gNbo1-6
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+gender%2C+educational+level%2C+and+personality+on+online+learning+outcomes+during+the+COVID-19+pandemic&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Educational+Technology+in+Higher+Education&rft.au=Yu+Zhonggen&rft.date=2021-04-02&rft.pub=Springer+Nature+B.V&rft.eissn=2365-9440&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs41239-021-00252-3&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2365-9440&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2365-9440&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2365-9440&client=summon