Association between the Postprandial Glucose Levels and Arterial Stiffness Measured According to the Cardio-ankle Vascular Index in Non-diabetic Subjects

• Published in: Internal Medicine Vol. 54; no. 16; pp. 1961 - 1969
• Main Authors: Tsuboi, Atsuko, Fujikawa, Rumi, Ito, Chikako, Kihara, Yasuki, Yamamoto, Hideya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine 01.01.2015
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ankle - blood supply; Ankle Brachial Index; arterial stiffness; Asian Continental Ancestry Group - statistics & numerical data; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Blood Pressure; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism; cardio-ankle vascular index; Female; Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism; Humans; Hyperglycemia - blood; Hyperglycemia - diagnosis; Japan - epidemiology; Male; Middle Aged; postprandial glucose; Postprandial Period; Predictive Value of Tests; Vascular Stiffness - physiology
• ISSN: 0918-2918; 1349-7235; 1349-7235
• DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.54.3596

Objective Although a relationship between post-challenge hyperglycemia and arterial stiffness has been reported, the relationship between the postprandial glucose levels and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) in non-diabetic subjects is not clear. This study thus evaluated the association between the postprandial glucose levels after a composite meal and the degree of arterial stiffness measured according to CAVI in non-diabetic subjects. Methods The subjects included 1,291 individuals (655 men and 636 women; mean age, 48.6 years; range, 23-85 years) who underwent medical examinations, including blood tests and CAVI assessments, between October 2005 and April 2012. The 1-hour postprandial glucose levels were determined after a 600-kcal traditional Japanese meal. Results The CAVI values were significantly higher in the subjects with higher 1-hour postprandial glucose levels (≥140 mg/dL in men; ≥158 mg/dL in women). A simple regression analysis indicated that the CAVI values were significantly correlated with the 1-hour postprandial glucose levels in men (r=0.286, p<0.0001) and women (r=0.228, p<0.0001). After adjusting for age, BMI, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 1-hour postprandial glucose, homeostatis model assessment of insulin resistance, estimated glemerular filtration rate, and high sensitive C-reactive protein, stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the 1-hour postprandial glucose level was an independent predictor associated with the CAVI in men (p=0.003) and older women 50 years of age or older (p=0.003). Conclusion This study demonstrated that the 1-hour postprandial glucose levels are associated with increased CAVI values in non-diabetic men and older women 50 years of age or older.