Experimental Infection of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Dogs

A previous serosurvey of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) among dogs suggested that dogs are well suited for use as sentinels for assessing the risk of JEV transmission to humans. To examine the clinical symptoms and duration of anti-JEV antibodies in dogs, three dogs were experimentally challenged...

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Published inJournal of Veterinary Medical Science Vol. 73; no. 9; pp. 1241 - 1242
Main Authors SHIMODA, Hiroshi, TAMARU, Seiji, MORIMOTO, Masahiro, HAYASHI, Toshiharu, SHIMOJIMA, Masayuki, MAEDA, Ken
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Japan JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE 01.01.2011
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Subjects
Animals
Antibodies, Viral - blood
C-Reactive Protein - metabolism
dog
Dog Diseases - blood
Dog Diseases - virology
Dogs
Encephalitis Virus, Japanese
Encephalitis, Japanese - blood
Encephalitis, Japanese - veterinary
Encephalitis, Japanese - virology
Japanese encephalitis virus
sentinel
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Abstract A previous serosurvey of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) among dogs suggested that dogs are well suited for use as sentinels for assessing the risk of JEV transmission to humans. To examine the clinical symptoms and duration of anti-JEV antibodies in dogs, three dogs were experimentally challenged with JEV. All JEV-infected dogs did not show any clinical signs or abnormal blood tests, except for C-reactive protein. Virus-neutralization titers rapidly increased and were maintained until 70 days postinfection, and neither the virus nor the viral genome was detected in blood. Thus, since dogs live in close proximity to humans as companion animals, they are well suited for use as sentinels for surveying the human risk of JEV infection.
AbstractList A previous serosurvey of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) among dogs suggested that dogs are well suited for use as sentinels for assessing the risk of JEV transmission to humans. To examine the clinical symptoms and duration of anti-JEV antibodies in dogs, three dogs were experimentally challenged with JEV. All JEV-infected dogs did not show any clinical signs or abnormal blood tests, except for C-reactive protein. Virus-neutralization titers rapidly increased and were maintained until 70 days postinfection, and neither the virus nor the viral genome was detected in blood. Thus, since dogs live in close proximity to humans as companion animals, they are well suited for use as sentinels for surveying the human risk of JEV infection.
A previous serosurvey of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) among dogs suggested that dogs are well suited for use as sentinels for assessing the risk of JEV transmission to humans. To examine the clinical symptoms and duration of anti-JEV antibodies in dogs, three dogs were experimentally challenged with JEV. All JEV-infected dogs did not show any clinical signs or abnormal blood tests, except for C-reactive protein. Virus-neutralization titers rapidly increased and were maintained until 70 days postinfection, and neither the virus nor the viral genome was detected in blood. Thus, since dogs live in close proximity to humans as companion animals, they are well suited for use as sentinels for surveying the human risk of JEV infection.A previous serosurvey of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) among dogs suggested that dogs are well suited for use as sentinels for assessing the risk of JEV transmission to humans. To examine the clinical symptoms and duration of anti-JEV antibodies in dogs, three dogs were experimentally challenged with JEV. All JEV-infected dogs did not show any clinical signs or abnormal blood tests, except for C-reactive protein. Virus-neutralization titers rapidly increased and were maintained until 70 days postinfection, and neither the virus nor the viral genome was detected in blood. Thus, since dogs live in close proximity to humans as companion animals, they are well suited for use as sentinels for surveying the human risk of JEV infection.
Author TAMARU, Seiji
MORIMOTO, Masahiro
MAEDA, Ken
SHIMOJIMA, Masayuki
HAYASHI, Toshiharu
SHIMODA, Hiroshi
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  fullname: MORIMOTO, Masahiro
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10.1892/0891-6640(2006)20[1219:AEPAMA]2.0.CO;2
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References_xml – reference: 6. Mackenzie, J. S., Chua, K. B., Daniels, P. W., Eaton, B. T., Field, H. E., Hall, R. A., Halpin, K., Johansen, C. A., Kirkland, P. D., Lam, S. K., McMinn, P., Nisbet, D. J., Paru, R., Pyke, A. T., Ritchie, S. A., Siba, P., Smith, D. W., Smith, G. A., van den Hurk, A. F., Wang, L. F. and Williams, D. T. 2001. Emerging viral diseases of Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 7: 497-504.
– reference: 9. Read, R. W., Rodriguez, D. B. and Summers, B. A. 2005. West Nile virus encephalitis in a dog. Vet. Pathol. 42: 219-222.
– reference: 5. Lichtensteiger, C. A., Heinz-Taheny, K., Osborne, T. S., Novak, R. J., Lewis, B. A. and Firth, M. L. 2003. West Nile virus encephalitis and myocarditis in wolf and dog. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 9: 1303-1306.
– reference: 11. Shimoda, H., Ohno, Y., Mochizuki, M., Iwata, H., Okuda, M. and Maeda, K. 2010. Dogs as sentinels for human infection with Japanese encephalitis virus. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 16: 1137-1139.
– reference: 10. Schwab, S., Herden, C., Seeliger, F., Papaioannou, N., Psalla, D., Polizopulou, Z. and Baumqartner, W. 2007. Non-suppurative meningoencephalitis of unknown origin in cats and dogs: an immunohistochemical study. J. Comp. Pathol. 136: 96-110
– reference: 2. Cannon, A. B., Luff, J. A., Brault, A. C., MacLachlan, N. J., Case, J. B., Green, E. N. and Sykes, J. E. 2006. Acute encephalitis, polyarthritis, and myocarditis associated with West Nile virus infection in a dog. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 20: 1219-1223.
– reference: 3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2003. Epidemic/Epizootic West Nile Virus in the United States: Guidelines for Surveillance, Prevention, and Control. Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, US Department of Health and Human Services, Fort Collins, CO (available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/arbor).
– reference: 7. Nakamura, J. 1967. Japanese encephalitis in animals. Adv. Neurol. Sci.. 11: 19-29 (in Japanese).
– reference: 4. Erlanger, T. E., Weiss, S., Keiser, J., Utzinger, J. and Wiedenmayer, K. 2009. Past, present and future of Japanese encephalitis. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 15: 1-7.
– reference: 8. Ohno, Y., Sato, H., Suzuki, K., Yokoyama, M., Uni, S., Shibasakim, T., Sashika, M., Inokuma, H., Kai, K. and Maeda, K. 2009. Detection of antibodies against Japanese encephalitis virus in raccoons, raccoon dogs and wild boars in Japan. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 71: 1035-1039.
– reference: 1. Arai, S., Matsunaga, Y., Takasaki, T., Tanaka-Taya, K., Taniguchi, K., Okabe, N., Kurane, I. and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Surveillance Program of Japan. 2008. Japanese encephalitis: surveillance and elimination effort in Japan from 1982 to 2004. Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. 61: 333-338.
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SubjectTerms Animals
Antibodies, Viral - blood
C-Reactive Protein - metabolism
dog
Dog Diseases - blood
Dog Diseases - virology
Dogs
Encephalitis Virus, Japanese
Encephalitis, Japanese - blood
Encephalitis, Japanese - veterinary
Encephalitis, Japanese - virology
Japanese encephalitis virus
sentinel
Title Experimental Infection of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Dogs
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