Effect of fructo-oligosaccharides and different doses of Bifidobacterium animalis in a weaning diet on bacterial translocation and Toll-like receptor gene expression in pigs
Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of Bifidobacterium animalis on the translocation of bifidobacteria and on Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression in different organs of weaned piglets. Sixty-four pigs, reared fro...
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| Published in | Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Vol. 24; no. 10; pp. 1023 - 1029 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
New York, NY
Elsevier Inc
01.10.2008
[New York]: Elsevier Science Inc Elsevier |
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| Abstract | Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of
Bifidobacterium animalis on the translocation of bifidobacteria and on Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression in different organs of weaned piglets.
Sixty-four pigs, reared from 21 to 35 d of age, were fed eight different diets according to a 2 × 4 factorial design: a control diet or the control diet supplemented with three different levels of
B. animalis (10
7, 10
9, 10
11 colony-forming units/d), crossed with 0% or 2% sugar beet fructo-oligosaccharides. Pigs were then sacrificed, and the jejunum mucosa, ileocecal lymph nodes, and liver were sampled to determine the presence of
Bifidobacterium spp. DNA and to quantify the expression of TLR2-, TLR4-, and tumor necrosis factor-α–encoding genes.
We found
Bifidobacterium spp. genus-specific DNA in lymph nodes of subjects from all dietary treatments, including the control diet, but it increased with the bifidobacteria oral dose (
P = 0.065). The linear effect of the dose of
B. animalis on the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene in the lymph nodes was observed when fructo-oligosaccharides were added to the diet (
P < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-α–encoding gene expression was positively correlated with TLR4- and TLR2-encoding gene expressions (
P < 0.001 and
P < 0.01, respectively) and negatively correlated with bifidobacteria DNA (
P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of the TLR4-encoding gene showed a positive correlation with TLR2-encoding gene expression (
P < 0.001). In contrast, there was no correlation between expressions of the TLR2- and TLR4-encoding genes with the bifidobacteria DNA.
Soon after weaning, the translocation of the commensal bacteria in the ileocecal lymph nodes is a physiologic process. Moreover, diet affects the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of
Bifidobacterium animalis on the translocation of bifidobacteria and on Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression in different organs of weaned piglets.
Sixty-four pigs, reared from 21 to 35 d of age, were fed eight different diets according to a 2 × 4 factorial design: a control diet or the control diet supplemented with three different levels of
B. animalis (10
7, 10
9, 10
11 colony-forming units/d), crossed with 0% or 2% sugar beet fructo-oligosaccharides. Pigs were then sacrificed, and the jejunum mucosa, ileocecal lymph nodes, and liver were sampled to determine the presence of
Bifidobacterium spp. DNA and to quantify the expression of TLR2-, TLR4-, and tumor necrosis factor-α–encoding genes.
We found
Bifidobacterium spp. genus-specific DNA in lymph nodes of subjects from all dietary treatments, including the control diet, but it increased with the bifidobacteria oral dose (
P = 0.065). The linear effect of the dose of
B. animalis on the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene in the lymph nodes was observed when fructo-oligosaccharides were added to the diet (
P < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-α–encoding gene expression was positively correlated with TLR4- and TLR2-encoding gene expressions (
P < 0.001 and
P < 0.01, respectively) and negatively correlated with bifidobacteria DNA (
P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of the TLR4-encoding gene showed a positive correlation with TLR2-encoding gene expression (
P < 0.001). In contrast, there was no correlation between expressions of the TLR2- and TLR4-encoding genes with the bifidobacteria DNA.
Soon after weaning, the translocation of the commensal bacteria in the ileocecal lymph nodes is a physiologic process. Moreover, diet affects the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene. Objective: Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of Bifidobacterium animalis on the translocation of bifidobacteria and on Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression in different organs of weaned piglets. Methods: Sixty-four pigs, reared from 21 to 35 d of age, were fed eight different diets according to a 2 x 4 factorial design: a control diet or the control diet supplemented with three different levels of B. animalis (10⁷, 10⁹, 10¹¹ colony-forming units/d), crossed with 0% or 2% sugar beet fructo-oligosaccharides. Pigs were then sacrificed, and the jejunum mucosa, ileocecal lymph nodes, and liver were sampled to determine the presence of Bifidobacterium spp. DNA and to quantify the expression of TLR2-, TLR4-, and tumor necrosis factor-α-encoding genes. Results: We found Bifidobacterium spp. genus-specific DNA in lymph nodes of subjects from all dietary treatments, including the control diet, but it increased with the bifidobacteria oral dose (P = 0.065). The linear effect of the dose of B. animalis on the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene in the lymph nodes was observed when fructo-oligosaccharides were added to the diet (P < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-α-encoding gene expression was positively correlated with TLR4- and TLR2-encoding gene expressions (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively) and negatively correlated with bifidobacteria DNA (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of the TLR4-encoding gene showed a positive correlation with TLR2-encoding gene expression (P < 0.001). In contrast, there was no correlation between expressions of the TLR2- and TLR4-encoding genes with the bifidobacteria DNA. Conclusion: Soon after weaning, the translocation of the commensal bacteria in the ileocecal lymph nodes is a physiologic process. Moreover, diet affects the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene. Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of Bifidobacterium animalis on the translocation of bifidobacteria and on Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression in different organs of weaned piglets. Sixty-four pigs, reared from 21 to 35 d of age, were fed eight different diets according to a 2 x 4 factorial design: a control diet or the control diet supplemented with three different levels of B. animalis (10(7), 10(9), 10(11) colony-forming units/d), crossed with 0% or 2% sugar beet fructo-oligosaccharides. Pigs were then sacrificed, and the jejunum mucosa, ileocecal lymph nodes, and liver were sampled to determine the presence of Bifidobacterium spp. DNA and to quantify the expression of TLR2-, TLR4-, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-encoding genes. We found Bifidobacterium spp. genus-specific DNA in lymph nodes of subjects from all dietary treatments, including the control diet, but it increased with the bifidobacteria oral dose (P = 0.065). The linear effect of the dose of B. animalis on the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene in the lymph nodes was observed when fructo-oligosaccharides were added to the diet (P < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-encoding gene expression was positively correlated with TLR4- and TLR2-encoding gene expressions (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively) and negatively correlated with bifidobacteria DNA (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of the TLR4-encoding gene showed a positive correlation with TLR2-encoding gene expression (P < 0.001). In contrast, there was no correlation between expressions of the TLR2- and TLR4-encoding genes with the bifidobacteria DNA. Soon after weaning, the translocation of the commensal bacteria in the ileocecal lymph nodes is a physiologic process. Moreover, diet affects the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene. Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of Bifidobacterium animalis on the translocation of bifidobacteria and on Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression in different organs of weaned piglets.OBJECTIVEOur aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of Bifidobacterium animalis on the translocation of bifidobacteria and on Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression in different organs of weaned piglets.Sixty-four pigs, reared from 21 to 35 d of age, were fed eight different diets according to a 2 x 4 factorial design: a control diet or the control diet supplemented with three different levels of B. animalis (10(7), 10(9), 10(11) colony-forming units/d), crossed with 0% or 2% sugar beet fructo-oligosaccharides. Pigs were then sacrificed, and the jejunum mucosa, ileocecal lymph nodes, and liver were sampled to determine the presence of Bifidobacterium spp. DNA and to quantify the expression of TLR2-, TLR4-, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-encoding genes.METHODSSixty-four pigs, reared from 21 to 35 d of age, were fed eight different diets according to a 2 x 4 factorial design: a control diet or the control diet supplemented with three different levels of B. animalis (10(7), 10(9), 10(11) colony-forming units/d), crossed with 0% or 2% sugar beet fructo-oligosaccharides. Pigs were then sacrificed, and the jejunum mucosa, ileocecal lymph nodes, and liver were sampled to determine the presence of Bifidobacterium spp. DNA and to quantify the expression of TLR2-, TLR4-, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-encoding genes.We found Bifidobacterium spp. genus-specific DNA in lymph nodes of subjects from all dietary treatments, including the control diet, but it increased with the bifidobacteria oral dose (P = 0.065). The linear effect of the dose of B. animalis on the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene in the lymph nodes was observed when fructo-oligosaccharides were added to the diet (P < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-encoding gene expression was positively correlated with TLR4- and TLR2-encoding gene expressions (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively) and negatively correlated with bifidobacteria DNA (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of the TLR4-encoding gene showed a positive correlation with TLR2-encoding gene expression (P < 0.001). In contrast, there was no correlation between expressions of the TLR2- and TLR4-encoding genes with the bifidobacteria DNA.RESULTSWe found Bifidobacterium spp. genus-specific DNA in lymph nodes of subjects from all dietary treatments, including the control diet, but it increased with the bifidobacteria oral dose (P = 0.065). The linear effect of the dose of B. animalis on the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene in the lymph nodes was observed when fructo-oligosaccharides were added to the diet (P < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-encoding gene expression was positively correlated with TLR4- and TLR2-encoding gene expressions (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively) and negatively correlated with bifidobacteria DNA (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of the TLR4-encoding gene showed a positive correlation with TLR2-encoding gene expression (P < 0.001). In contrast, there was no correlation between expressions of the TLR2- and TLR4-encoding genes with the bifidobacteria DNA.Soon after weaning, the translocation of the commensal bacteria in the ileocecal lymph nodes is a physiologic process. Moreover, diet affects the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene.CONCLUSIONSoon after weaning, the translocation of the commensal bacteria in the ileocecal lymph nodes is a physiologic process. Moreover, diet affects the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene. Abstract Objective Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of Bifidobacterium animalis on the translocation of bifidobacteria and on Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression in different organs of weaned piglets. Methods Sixty-four pigs, reared from 21 to 35 d of age, were fed eight different diets according to a 2 × 4 factorial design: a control diet or the control diet supplemented with three different levels of B. animalis (107 , 109 , 1011 colony-forming units/d), crossed with 0% or 2% sugar beet fructo-oligosaccharides. Pigs were then sacrificed, and the jejunum mucosa, ileocecal lymph nodes, and liver were sampled to determine the presence of Bifidobacterium spp. DNA and to quantify the expression of TLR2-, TLR4-, and tumor necrosis factor-α–encoding genes. Results We found Bifidobacterium spp. genus-specific DNA in lymph nodes of subjects from all dietary treatments, including the control diet, but it increased with the bifidobacteria oral dose ( P = 0.065). The linear effect of the dose of B. animalis on the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene in the lymph nodes was observed when fructo-oligosaccharides were added to the diet ( P < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-α–encoding gene expression was positively correlated with TLR4- and TLR2-encoding gene expressions ( P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively) and negatively correlated with bifidobacteria DNA ( P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of the TLR4-encoding gene showed a positive correlation with TLR2-encoding gene expression ( P < 0.001). In contrast, there was no correlation between expressions of the TLR2- and TLR4-encoding genes with the bifidobacteria DNA. Conclusion Soon after weaning, the translocation of the commensal bacteria in the ileocecal lymph nodes is a physiologic process. Moreover, diet affects the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene. Objective - Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of Bifidobacterium animalis on the translocation of bifidobacteria and on Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression in different organs of weaned piglets. Methods - Sixty-four pigs, reared from 21 to 35 d of age, were fed eight different diets according to a 2 x 4 factorial design: a control diet or the control diet supplemented with three different levels of B. animalis (10 super(7), 10 super(9), 10 super(11) colony-forming units/d), crossed with 0% or 2% sugar beet fructo-oligosaccharides. Pigs were then sacrificed, and the jejunum mucosa, ileocecal lymph nodes, and liver were sampled to determine the presence of Bifidobacterium spp. DNA and to quantify the expression of TLR2-, TLR4-, and tumor necrosis factor- alpha -encoding genes. Results - We found Bifidobacterium spp. genus-specific DNA in lymph nodes of subjects from all dietary treatments, including the control diet, but it increased with the bifidobacteria oral dose (P = 0.065). The linear effect of the dose of B. animalis on the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene in the lymph nodes was observed when fructo-oligosaccharides were added to the diet (P < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor- alpha -encoding gene expression was positively correlated with TLR4- and TLR2-encoding gene expressions (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively) and negatively correlated with bifidobacteria DNA (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of the TLR4- encoding gene showed a positive correlation with TLR2-encoding gene expression (P < 0.001). In contrast, there was no correlation between expressions of the TLR2- and TLR4-encoding genes with the bifidobacteria DNA. Conclusion - Soon after weaning, the translocation of the commensal bacteria in the ileocecal lymph nodes is a physiologic process. Moreover, diet affects the expression of the TLR2-encoding gene. |
| Author | Bosi, Paolo Biavati, Bruno Trevisi, Paolo Mazzoni, Maurizio Modesto, Monica Minieri, Laura De Filippi, Sara |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Paolo surname: Trevisi fullname: Trevisi, Paolo email: paolo.trevisi@unibo.it organization: Department of Agro-Food Protection and Valorisation, University of Bologna, Reggio Emilia, Italy – sequence: 2 givenname: Sara surname: De Filippi fullname: De Filippi, Sara organization: Department of Agro-Food Protection and Valorisation, University of Bologna, Reggio Emilia, Italy – sequence: 3 givenname: Laura surname: Minieri fullname: Minieri, Laura organization: Department of Agro-Food Protection and Valorisation, University of Bologna, Reggio Emilia, Italy – sequence: 4 givenname: Maurizio surname: Mazzoni fullname: Mazzoni, Maurizio organization: Department of Agroenvironmental Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy – sequence: 5 givenname: Monica surname: Modesto fullname: Modesto, Monica organization: Department of Agroenvironmental Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy – sequence: 6 givenname: Bruno surname: Biavati fullname: Biavati, Bruno organization: Department of Agroenvironmental Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy – sequence: 7 givenname: Paolo surname: Bosi fullname: Bosi, Paolo organization: Department of Agro-Food Protection and Valorisation, University of Bologna, Reggio Emilia, Italy |
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| Keywords | Translocation Intestinal barrier Bifidobacteria Mesenteric lymph nodes Immunity Weaning Eubacteria Bifidobacteriaceae Barrier Actinobacteria Bacteria Bifidobacteriales Dose Ungulata Biological receptor Bifidobacterium Lymph node Digestive system Oligosaccharide Gut Gene expression Feeding Pig Infection Vertebrata Mammalia Diet Actinobacteridae Bacteriosis Artiodactyla |
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| PublicationYear | 2008 |
| Publisher | Elsevier Inc [New York]: Elsevier Science Inc Elsevier |
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| Snippet | Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of
Bifidobacterium animalis on the... Abstract Objective Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of Bifidobacterium... Objective: Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of Bifidobacterium animalis... Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of Bifidobacterium animalis on the... Objective - Our aim was to study the possible synergic action of one prebiotic with increasing dietary doses of a probiotic strain of Bifidobacterium animalis... |
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| SubjectTerms | administration & dosage analysis animal models Animals Animals, Newborn Bacteria Bacterial Translocation Bacterial Translocation - drug effects Bacterial Translocation - physiology Bifidobacteria Bifidobacterium Bifidobacterium - growth & development Bifidobacterium animalis Biological and medical sciences biosynthesis chromosome translocation Colony Count, Microbial commensalism DNA, Bacterial DNA, Bacterial - analysis dose response drug effects experimental diets Feeding. Feeding behavior fructooligosaccharides Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gastroenterology and Hepatology gene expression Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial - drug effects Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial - genetics Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental - drug effects Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental - genetics genes genetics growth & development Immunity Intestinal barrier Intestinal Mucosa Intestinal Mucosa - microbiology Liver Liver - microbiology Lymph Nodes Lymph Nodes - microbiology Mesenteric lymph nodes metabolism microbiology nutrition-genotype interaction Oligosaccharides Oligosaccharides - administration & dosage Oligosaccharides - pharmacology pharmacology physiology piglets prebiotics probiotics Probiotics - administration & dosage Probiotics - pharmacology Random Allocation Swine synergism Toll-Like Receptor 2 Toll-Like Receptor 2 - biosynthesis Toll-Like Receptor 2 - genetics Toll-Like Receptor 4 Toll-Like Receptor 4 - biosynthesis Toll-Like Receptor 4 - genetics Toll-like receptor gene Toll-Like Receptors Toll-Like Receptors - biosynthesis Toll-Like Receptors - genetics Translocation Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems Weaning weaning diet weanlings |
| Title | Effect of fructo-oligosaccharides and different doses of Bifidobacterium animalis in a weaning diet on bacterial translocation and Toll-like receptor gene expression in pigs |
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