Characterizing the profile of obese patients who are metabolically healthy

The presence of obesity-related metabolic disturbances varies widely among obese individuals. Accordingly, a unique subset of obese individuals has been described in the medical literature, which seems to be protected or more resistant to the development of metabolic abnormalities associated with ob...

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Published inInternational Journal of Obesity Vol. 35; no. 7; pp. 971 - 981
Main Authors Primeau, V, Coderre, L, Karelis, A.D, Brochu, M, Lavoie, M.E, Messier, V, Sladek, R, Rabasa-Lhoret, R
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group 01.07.2011
Nature Publishing Group UK
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Abstract The presence of obesity-related metabolic disturbances varies widely among obese individuals. Accordingly, a unique subset of obese individuals has been described in the medical literature, which seems to be protected or more resistant to the development of metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. These individuals, now known as 'metabolically healthy but obese' (MHO), despite having excessive body fatness, display a favorable metabolic profile characterized by high levels of insulin sensitivity, no hypertension as well as a favorable lipid, inflammation, hormonal, liver enzyme and immune profile. However, recent studies have indicated that this healthier metabolic profile may not translate into a lower risk for mortality. Mechanisms that could explain the favorable metabolic profile of MHO individuals are poorly understood. However, preliminary evidence suggests that differences in visceral fat accumulation, birth weight, adipose cell size and gene expression-encoding markers of adipose cell differentiation may favor the development of the MHO phenotype. Despite the uncertainty regarding the exact degree of protection related to the MHO status, identification of underlying factors and mechanisms associated with this phenotype will eventually be invaluable in helping us understand factors that predispose, delay or protect obese individuals from metabolic disturbances. Collectively, a greater understanding of the MHO individual has important implications for therapeutic decision making, the characterization of subjects in research protocols and medical education.
AbstractList The presence of obesity-related metabolic disturbances varies widely among obese individuals. Accordingly, a unique subset of obese individuals has been described in the medical literature, which seems to be protected or more resistant to the development of metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. These individuals, now known as 'metabolically healthy but obese' (MHO), despite having excessive body fatness, display a favorable metabolic profile characterized by high levels of insulin sensitivity, no hypertension as well as a favorable lipid, inflammation, hormonal, liver enzyme and immune profile. However, recent studies have indicated that this healthier metabolic profile may not translate into a lower risk for mortality. Mechanisms that could explain the favorable metabolic profile of MHO individuals are poorly understood. However, preliminary evidence suggests that differences in visceral fat accumulation, birth weight, adipose cell size and gene expression-encoding markers of adipose cell differentiation may favor the development of the MHO phenotype. Despite the uncertainty regarding the exact degree of protection related to the MHO status, identification of underlying factors and mechanisms associated with this phenotype will eventually be invaluable in helping us understand factors that predispose, delay or protect obese individuals from metabolic disturbances. Collectively, a greater understanding of the MHO individual has important implications for therapeutic decision making, the characterization of subjects in research protocols and medical education.
The presence of obesity-related metabolic disturbances varies widely among obese individuals. Accordingly, a unique subset of obese individuals has been described in the medical literature, which seems to be protected or more resistant to the development of metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. These individuals, now known as 'metabolically healthy but obese' (MHO), despite having excessive body fatness, display a favorable metabolic profile characterized by high levels of insulin sensitivity, no hypertension as well as a favorable lipid, inflammation, hormonal, liver enzyme and immune profile. However, recent studies have indicated that this healthier metabolic profile may not translate into a lower risk for mortality. Mechanisms that could explain the favorable metabolic profile of MHO individuals are poorly understood. However, preliminary evidence suggests that differences in visceral fat accumulation, birth weight, adipose cell size and gene expression-encoding markers of adipose cell differentiation may favor the development of the MHO phenotype. Despite the uncertainty regarding the exact degree of protection related to the MHO status, identification of underlying factors and mechanisms associated with this phenotype will eventually be invaluable in helping us understand factors that predispose, delay or protect obese individuals from metabolic disturbances. Collectively, a greater understanding of the MHO individual has important implications for therapeutic decision making, the characterization of subjects in research protocols and medical education. International Journal of Obesity (2011) 35, 971-981; doi: 10.1038/ijo.2010.216; published online 26 October 2010 Keywords: metabolically healthy but obese; insulin sensitivity; body composition; metabolic risk factors; cardiovascular diseases
The presence of obesity-related metabolic disturbances varies widely among obese individuals. Accordingly, a unique subset of obese individuals has been described in the medical literature, which seems to be protected or more resistant to the development of metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. These individuals, now known as 'metabolically healthy but obese' (MHO), despite having excessive body fatness, display a favorable metabolic profile characterized by high levels of insulin sensitivity, no hypertension as well as a favorable lipid, inflammation, hormonal, liver enzyme and immune profile. However, recent studies have indicated that this healthier metabolic profile may not translate into a lower risk for mortality. Mechanisms that could explain the favorable metabolic profile of MHO individuals are poorly understood. However, preliminary evidence suggests that differences in visceral fat accumulation, birth weight, adipose cell size and gene expression-encoding markers of adipose cell differentiation may favor the development of the MHO phenotype. Despite the uncertainty regarding the exact degree of protection related to the MHO status, identification of underlying factors and mechanisms associated with this phenotype will eventually be invaluable in helping us understand factors that predispose, delay or protect obese individuals from metabolic disturbances. Collectively, a greater understanding of the MHO individual has important implications for therapeutic decision making, the characterization of subjects in research protocols and medical education.The presence of obesity-related metabolic disturbances varies widely among obese individuals. Accordingly, a unique subset of obese individuals has been described in the medical literature, which seems to be protected or more resistant to the development of metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. These individuals, now known as 'metabolically healthy but obese' (MHO), despite having excessive body fatness, display a favorable metabolic profile characterized by high levels of insulin sensitivity, no hypertension as well as a favorable lipid, inflammation, hormonal, liver enzyme and immune profile. However, recent studies have indicated that this healthier metabolic profile may not translate into a lower risk for mortality. Mechanisms that could explain the favorable metabolic profile of MHO individuals are poorly understood. However, preliminary evidence suggests that differences in visceral fat accumulation, birth weight, adipose cell size and gene expression-encoding markers of adipose cell differentiation may favor the development of the MHO phenotype. Despite the uncertainty regarding the exact degree of protection related to the MHO status, identification of underlying factors and mechanisms associated with this phenotype will eventually be invaluable in helping us understand factors that predispose, delay or protect obese individuals from metabolic disturbances. Collectively, a greater understanding of the MHO individual has important implications for therapeutic decision making, the characterization of subjects in research protocols and medical education.
Audience Academic
Author Brochu, M
Primeau, V
Karelis, A.D
Lavoie, M.E
Sladek, R
Coderre, L
Rabasa-Lhoret, R
Messier, V
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  fullname: Primeau, V
– sequence: 2
  fullname: Coderre, L
– sequence: 3
  fullname: Karelis, A.D
– sequence: 4
  fullname: Brochu, M
– sequence: 5
  fullname: Lavoie, M.E
– sequence: 6
  fullname: Messier, V
– sequence: 7
  fullname: Sladek, R
– sequence: 8
  fullname: Rabasa-Lhoret, R
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20975726$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 7
Keywords insulin sensitivity
body composition
metabolic risk factors
cardiovascular diseases
metabolically healthy but obese
Human
Obesity
Pancreatic hormone
Nutrition
Insulin sensitivity
Nutrition disorder
Patient
Metabolic diseases
Cardiovascular disease
Insulin
Body composition
Metabolic disorder
Nutritional status
Language English
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Notes http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2010.216
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PublicationTitle International Journal of Obesity
PublicationTitleAbbrev Int J Obes
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PublicationYear 2011
Publisher Nature Publishing Group
Nature Publishing Group UK
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Snippet The presence of obesity-related metabolic disturbances varies widely among obese individuals. Accordingly, a unique subset of obese individuals has been...
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SubjectTerms 631/443/319/1642
631/443/319/1642/393
Adipose tissues
Biological and medical sciences
Birth weight
Canada
Canada - epidemiology
Cell differentiation
Complications and side effects
Decision making
Development and progression
Diabetes
Education
Energy Metabolism
Enzymes
Epidemiology
Female
Gene expression
genes
Genetic aspects
Health
Health aspects
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Health Status
Hormones
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension - epidemiology
Inflammation
Insulin
insulin resistance
Insulin Resistance - physiology
Internal Medicine
Lipids
Liver
Male
medical education
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Metabolic disorders
Metabolism
Mortality
Mortality risk
Obesity
Obesity - metabolism
patients
phenotype
Physiological aspects
physiology
Public Health
review
risk
Risk factors
uncertainty
visceral fat
Title Characterizing the profile of obese patients who are metabolically healthy
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/ijo.2010.216
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20975726
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Volume 35
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