Turning off the tap: stopping tuberculosis transmission through active case-finding and prompt effective treatment

To halt the global tuberculosis epidemic, transmission must be stopped to prevent new infections and new cases. Identification of individuals with tuberculosis and prompt initiation of effective treatment to rapidly render them non-infectious is crucial to this task. However, in settings of high tub...

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Published inThe Lancet (British edition) Vol. 386; no. 10010; pp. 2334 - 2343
Main Authors Yuen, Courtney M, Amanullah, Farhana, Dharmadhikari, Ashwin, Nardell, Edward A, Seddon, James A, Vasilyeva, Irina, Zhao, Yanlin, Keshavjee, Salmaan, Becerra, Mercedes C
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 05.12.2015
Elsevier Limited
Subjects
Cross Infection - prevention & control
Cross Infection - transmission
Disease control
Disease transmission
Early Diagnosis
Epidemics
Humans
Internal Medicine
Mass Screening - organization & administration
Medical treatment
Mycobacterium
Secondary Prevention - methods
Translational Medical Research - methods
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis - diagnosis
Tuberculosis - drug therapy
Tuberculosis - epidemiology
Tuberculosis - transmission
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Abstract To halt the global tuberculosis epidemic, transmission must be stopped to prevent new infections and new cases. Identification of individuals with tuberculosis and prompt initiation of effective treatment to rapidly render them non-infectious is crucial to this task. However, in settings of high tuberculosis burden, active case-finding is often not implemented, resulting in long delays in diagnosis and treatment. A range of strategies to find cases and ensure prompt and correct treatment have been shown to be effective in high tuberculosis-burden settings. The population-level effect of targeted active case-finding on reducing tuberculosis incidence has been shown by studies and projected by mathematical modelling. The inclusion of targeted active case-finding in a comprehensive epidemic-control strategy for tuberculosis should contribute substantially to a decrease in tuberculosis incidence.
AbstractList To halt the global tuberculosis epidemic, transmission must be stopped to prevent new infections and new cases. Identification of individuals with tuberculosis and prompt initiation of effective treatment to rapidly render them non-infectious is crucial to this task. However, in settings of high tuberculosis burden, active case-finding is often not implemented, resulting in long delays in diagnosis and treatment. A range of strategies to find cases and ensure prompt and correct treatment have been shown to be effective in high tuberculosis-burden settings. The population-level effect of targeted active case-finding on reducing tuberculosis incidence has been shown by studies and projected by mathematical modelling. The inclusion of targeted active case-finding in a comprehensive epidemic-control strategy for tuberculosis should contribute substantially to a decrease in tuberculosis incidence.
To halt the global tuberculosis epidemic, transmission must be stopped to prevent new infections and new cases. Identification of individuals with tuberculosis and prompt initiation of effective treatment to rapidly render them non-infectious is crucial to this task. However, in settings of high tuberculosis burden, active case-finding is often not implemented, resulting in long delays in diagnosis and treatment. A range of strategies to find cases and ensure prompt and correct treatment have been shown to be effective in high tuberculosis-burden settings. The population-level effect of targeted active case-finding on reducing tuberculosis incidence has been shown by studies and projected by mathematical modelling. The inclusion of targeted active case-finding in a comprehensive epidemic-control strategy for tuberculosis should contribute substantially to a decrease in tuberculosis incidence.To halt the global tuberculosis epidemic, transmission must be stopped to prevent new infections and new cases. Identification of individuals with tuberculosis and prompt initiation of effective treatment to rapidly render them non-infectious is crucial to this task. However, in settings of high tuberculosis burden, active case-finding is often not implemented, resulting in long delays in diagnosis and treatment. A range of strategies to find cases and ensure prompt and correct treatment have been shown to be effective in high tuberculosis-burden settings. The population-level effect of targeted active case-finding on reducing tuberculosis incidence has been shown by studies and projected by mathematical modelling. The inclusion of targeted active case-finding in a comprehensive epidemic-control strategy for tuberculosis should contribute substantially to a decrease in tuberculosis incidence.
Summary To halt the global tuberculosis epidemic, transmission must be stopped to prevent new infections and new cases. Identification of individuals with tuberculosis and prompt initiation of effective treatment to rapidly render them non-infectious is crucial to this task. However, in settings of high tuberculosis burden, active case-finding is often not implemented, resulting in long delays in diagnosis and treatment. A range of strategies to find cases and ensure prompt and correct treatment have been shown to be effective in high tuberculosis-burden settings. The population-level effect of targeted active case-finding on reducing tuberculosis incidence has been shown by studies and projected by mathematical modelling. The inclusion of targeted active case-finding in a comprehensive epidemic-control strategy for tuberculosis should contribute substantially to a decrease in tuberculosis incidence.
Author Keshavjee, Salmaan
Yuen, Courtney M
Amanullah, Farhana
Dharmadhikari, Ashwin
Vasilyeva, Irina
Nardell, Edward A
Seddon, James A
Zhao, Yanlin
Becerra, Mercedes C
AuthorAffiliation b Indus Hospital Research Center, Karachi, Pakistan
a Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
d Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
e Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
f Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
c Imperial College London, London, UK
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– name: e Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
– name: b Indus Hospital Research Center, Karachi, Pakistan
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  surname: Yuen
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  organization: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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  surname: Amanullah
  fullname: Amanullah, Farhana
  organization: Indus Hospital Research Center, Karachi, Pakistan
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  fullname: Dharmadhikari, Ashwin
  organization: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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  surname: Nardell
  fullname: Nardell, Edward A
  organization: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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  surname: Seddon
  fullname: Seddon, James A
  organization: Imperial College London, London, UK
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  surname: Vasilyeva
  fullname: Vasilyeva, Irina
  organization: Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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  surname: Zhao
  fullname: Zhao, Yanlin
  organization: Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Salmaan
  surname: Keshavjee
  fullname: Keshavjee, Salmaan
  organization: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Mercedes C
  surname: Becerra
  fullname: Becerra, Mercedes C
  email: Mercedes_Becerra@hms.harvard.edu
  organization: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26515675$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
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Snippet To halt the global tuberculosis epidemic, transmission must be stopped to prevent new infections and new cases. Identification of individuals with tuberculosis...
Summary To halt the global tuberculosis epidemic, transmission must be stopped to prevent new infections and new cases. Identification of individuals with...
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SubjectTerms Cross Infection - prevention & control
Cross Infection - transmission
Disease control
Disease transmission
Early Diagnosis
Epidemics
Humans
Internal Medicine
Mass Screening - organization & administration
Medical treatment
Mycobacterium
Secondary Prevention - methods
Translational Medical Research - methods
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis - diagnosis
Tuberculosis - drug therapy
Tuberculosis - epidemiology
Tuberculosis - transmission
Title Turning off the tap: stopping tuberculosis transmission through active case-finding and prompt effective treatment
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Volume 386
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